Evaluation of different doses of Femoston therapy for incomplete abortion: A prospective observational trial

Background: Incomplete abortion is the most common complication after miscarriage or abortion, which can lead to bleeding, infections, shock, and death if left untreated. Medication for incomplete abortion is less invasive and more acceptable than standard surgical treatment. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different doses of femoston with expectant management for patients with incomplete abortions. Methods Patients diagnosed with incomplete abortion by transvaginal ultrasonography were included if they chose continued medical treatment rather than surgical intervention after relevant contraindications were excluded. Participants were divided into three groups: femoston(1/10) and femoston(2/10) group received different doses of femoston, and patients in control group received expectant treatment. Clinical characteristics of the participants, including age, gravidity, the diameter of the residual uterine content, the level of β-HCG in pre- and post-treatment, and whether missed abortion or scarred uterus were obtained. The success rate of complete abortion and the rate of menstrual recovery between the three groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of femoston for patients with incomplete abortions. Results 197 patients were analyzed, 73 in the femoston (1/10) group, 73 in the femoston (2/10) group, and 51 patients were follow-up without treatment in the control group. The Femoston group was more effective than the control group with statistically significant ( P < 0.001 ). And the success rate of complete abortion in the femoston (2/10) group was significantly higher than that of the femoston (1/10) group( P = 0.035 ). In addition, the rate of menstrual recovery in the femoston group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P = 0.007 ), and the rate in the femoston (2/10) group was also higher than the femoston (1/10) group with statistically significant ( P = 0.001 ). Conclusions Femoston is effective in treating incomplete abortion, with femoston containing 2 mg of estrogen being more effective. For patients with incomplete abortion are treated with femoston, and menstrual recovery time may be shortened. Femoston may be a new option for the pharmacological treatment of incomplete abortion.