Optimal Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Conversion Systems Using Two Configurations and Four Different Algorithms for a Rural Village in Egypt

Optimal Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Conversion Systems Using Two Configurations and Four Different Algorithms for a Rural Village in Egypt | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Optimal Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Conversion Systems Using Two Configurations and Four Different Algorithms for a Rural Village in Egypt Mohamed M. Torad, Sayed H. A. Elbanna, Mahmoud A. El-Dabah, Ahmed A. Zaki Diab This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5914939/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Decentralized energy systems can significantly enhance living circumstances in remote areas without a grid connection. This paper formulates a hybrid renewable energy model for a rural Egyptian village. The system includes PV, wind, biomass generator, battery storage, and power converters. The reliability and efficiency of the system were conducted, with HOMER Pro attaining a loss of power supply probability (LPSP) of 0.0000% and a surplus energy percentage of 29.3827%. In comparison, CO and FVIM exhibited LPSPs of 1.4877% and 2.5724%, along with excess energy percentages of 5.9408% and 7.3600%, whilst SBOA demonstrated an LPSP of 2.6733% and an excess energy percentage of 7.3229%.SBOA reported a net present cost of $ 3,560,416.88, a cost of energy of $ 0.121 per kilowatt-hour, and annual greenhouse gas emissions of 688.122 tons. CO and FVIM achieved NPCs of $ 3,572,813.22 and $ 3,587,924.56, COEs of $ 0.123/kWh and $ 0.124/kWh, and emissions of 690.315 and 692.874 tons/year, respectively. HOMER Pro conducted $ 3,671,711 NPC, $ 0.1/kWh COE, and 11.016 tons/year GHG emissions, demonstrating the advantages of biomass-based systems for sustainable rural development. Net present cost Biomass Wind turbine Cost of energy Feedstock fuel Photovoltaic Greenhouse gas emission Loss of power supply probability Energy conversion Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editor assigned by journal 09 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 02 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 01 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 21 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5914939","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":437598150,"identity":"9ac63b2e-a884-4800-8962-a6c798f4fcc0","order_by":0,"name":"Mohamed M. 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This paper formulates a hybrid renewable energy model for a rural Egyptian village. The system includes PV, wind, biomass generator, battery storage, and power converters. The reliability and efficiency of the system were conducted, with HOMER Pro attaining a loss of power supply probability (LPSP) of 0.0000% and a surplus energy percentage of 29.3827%. In comparison, CO and FVIM exhibited LPSPs of 1.4877% and 2.5724%, along with excess energy percentages of 5.9408% and 7.3600%, whilst SBOA demonstrated an LPSP of 2.6733% and an excess energy percentage of 7.3229%.SBOA reported a net present cost of \u003cspan\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e3,560,416.88, a cost of energy of \u003cspan\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e0.121 per kilowatt-hour, and annual greenhouse gas emissions of 688.122 tons. 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