Current Status and Prospects of Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Capsicum annuum L. is a solanaceous vegetable with the widest cultivation area in the world. In recent years, the issue of soil salinization has grown increasingly acute, severely restricting the growth and development of plants. Hence, reinforcing the cultivation and utilization of salt tolerance pepper varieties, as well as the research on the salt tolerance mechanism of pepper, holds significant importance for enhancing the quality and yield of peppers and further developing and utilizing peppers in saline–alkali lands. This study reviews the characteristics of stress injury under pepper salt stress, the evaluation and identification methods of pepper salt tolerance, the research progress of related pepper salt tolerance mechanisms, and the research progress of pepper salt tolerance cultivation technology. It summarizes the current status of pepper salt tolerance traits research, intending to provide a theoretical reference for further research on pepper salt tolerance and the cultivation of pepper varieties with strong salt tolerance and excellent comprehensive traits.