Telemetric sensors for intracranial pressure monitoring in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

Telemetric sensors for intracranial pressure monitoring in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a systematic review and narrative synthesis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Systematic Review Telemetric sensors for intracranial pressure monitoring in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a systematic review and narrative synthesis Jagraj Thandi, Hannah Redpath, Abdullah Alazzawi, Nithish Jayakumar, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9135790/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose Telemetric sensors are optionally inserted for intracranial pressure monitoring in paediatric hydrocephalus management. Children with shunted hydrocephalus may undergo multiple surgeries to investigate shunt function throughout their childhood. Understanding whether telemetric sensor use in the paediatric population improves surgical outcomes and has an economic benefit is vital. Methods A systematic review was performed utilising the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles included were from the OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Cochrane Database. Reports from 1 st September 2000 to 31 st August 2025 for patients under 18 years old with hydrocephalus were included. Results From 1190 studies identified, 7 were included in the systematic review. A narrative synthesis was feasible, however due to the limited number of heterogeneous articles, a quantitative meta-analysis was not possible. Five overarching themes which support telemetric sensor implementation were identified. These include (i) evidence of technical feasibility and reliability of ICP measurements, (ii) no identified significant safety concerns, (iii) meaningful valve adjustment data, (iv) the benefit of objective ICP readings over symptom-driven ICP management, and (v) evidence that telemetric sensors and appropriate protocols facilitate outpatient management. Conclusion Implementing the use of telemetric sensors in the paediatric population is technically feasible, clinically informative, safe, and potentially valuable in some paediatric patients with shunted hydrocephalus. Paediatric neurosurgery telemetric shunt hydrocephalus intracranial pressure Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 14 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 05 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 04 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 26 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 25 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 16 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9135790","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Systematic Review","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":606766305,"identity":"73ce84a1-8bee-4f38-8c2b-cf2a62596d2a","order_by":0,"name":"Jagraj Thandi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACxgYQycPAYACkJBIqGBKI1iIB0XIGquUAEbZBtDC2EaGFuf34tQ8/ZBjqzNnPHrzxcN6dPPkG3oOPP+BzWE9O8cweoMMse/KSLRK3PSs2OMCXbIDPFsaGnGQGHpBfDuSYSSRuO5y4gYHHTAKvlv43yYx/QFrOvwFqmXM4cX4Dj/kPvFpmpB9mBttyA2RLw+HEhgM8Zni9zzjjDTOzDI+E5IYbb4wtEo4BHXaYx1jiDB4thv3pjxnf9tjwG5zPMbz5owbosPYeww8V+LQ08BgAg00CSYgZj3IQkGdgf8DA8IOAqlEwCkbBKBjZAACzKFDnjVwPtQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"The University of Sunderland","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jagraj","middleName":"","lastName":"Thandi","suffix":""},{"id":606766307,"identity":"07d99bfb-865c-46e4-a3ce-21029493acc3","order_by":1,"name":"Hannah Redpath","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHSFT","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hannah","middleName":"","lastName":"Redpath","suffix":""},{"id":606766309,"identity":"aa0ea7be-fa44-4aae-aadf-1d3a1bdc910c","order_by":2,"name":"Abdullah Alazzawi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The University of Sunderland","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abdullah","middleName":"","lastName":"Alazzawi","suffix":""},{"id":606766310,"identity":"bce6daaa-8d6c-4673-b46b-39504a9b5c41","order_by":3,"name":"Nithish Jayakumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHSFT","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nithish","middleName":"","lastName":"Jayakumar","suffix":""},{"id":606766311,"identity":"d8e651ef-3ec6-4c83-91eb-457aa9186ec9","order_by":4,"name":"Christopher J. 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Children with shunted hydrocephalus may undergo multiple surgeries to investigate shunt function throughout their childhood. Understanding whether telemetric sensor use in the paediatric population improves surgical outcomes and has an economic benefit is vital.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods \u003c/strong\u003eA systematic review was performed utilising the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles included were from the OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Cochrane Database. Reports from 1\u003csup\u003est\u003c/sup\u003e September 2000 to 31\u003csup\u003est\u003c/sup\u003e August 2025 for patients under 18 years old with hydrocephalus were included.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e From 1190 studies identified, 7 were included in the systematic review. A narrative synthesis was feasible, however due to the limited number of heterogeneous articles, a quantitative meta-analysis was not possible. Five overarching themes which support telemetric sensor implementation were identified. These include (i) evidence of technical feasibility and reliability of ICP measurements, (ii) no identified significant safety concerns, (iii) meaningful valve adjustment data, (iv) the benefit of objective ICP readings over symptom-driven ICP management, and (v) evidence that telemetric sensors and appropriate protocols facilitate outpatient management.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion\u003c/strong\u003e Implementing the use of telemetric sensors in the paediatric population is technically feasible, clinically informative, safe, and potentially valuable in some paediatric patients with shunted hydrocephalus.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Telemetric sensors for intracranial pressure monitoring in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a systematic review and narrative synthesis","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-24 04:50:22","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9135790/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-05-14T18:07:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-05T14:48:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-04T11:18:44+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"321541891727385784953165503462819487832","date":"2026-04-28T07:22:35+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"270013467021293040826771008950746371738","date":"2026-04-26T15:22:42+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-26T14:41:55+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T06:03:43+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T06:02:49+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Child's Nervous System","date":"2026-03-16T09:18:12+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"childs-nervous-system","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"cnsy","sideBox":"Learn more about [Child's Nervous System](http://link.springer.com/journal/381)","snPcode":"381","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/381/3","title":"Child's Nervous System","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"cd65e618-0eae-413c-bd03-16050e33e6b7","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 24th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-05-14T18:07:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-05T14:48:59+00:00","index":12,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-04T11:18:44+00:00","index":11,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-14T18:23:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-24 04:50:22","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9135790","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9135790","identity":"rs-9135790","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}