Estimation bias and serial dependence in speed perception

Estimation bias and serial dependence in speed perception | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Estimation bias and serial dependence in speed perception Si-Yu Wang, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Qi Sun This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4422007/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 29 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Psychology → Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Studies have found that feature estimates are systematically compressed towards the distribution center, showing a central tendency. Additionally, the estimate of current features is affected by the previously seen feature, showing serial dependence or adaptation effect. However, these all remain unclear in the speed estimation. To address this question, we asked participants to estimate the speed of moving Gabor patches. In Experiment 1, speeds were selected from three uniform distributions with different lower and upper boundaries (i.e., slow, moderate, and fast ranges). In Experiment 2, speeds were arranged in an increasing, uniform, or decreasing distribution. The boundaries of three distributions were the same. The results found that speed estimates were systematically compressed towards the center of the uniform distribution center, showing a central tendency, and its size increased with the range boundaries. However, in the decreasing and increasing distributions, aside from central tendency, the speed estimates were also showed a bias away from the heavy tail of the distributions. Moreover, there was an attractive serial dependence that was not affected by the speed range. In summary, the current study, along with previous studies that reveal a slow-speed bias, comprehensively reveals various estimation biases in speed perception. speed perception central tendency serial dependence slow-speed bias efficient encoding Bayesian decoding Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 29 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Psychology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 05 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 03 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 03 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 19 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 May, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 21 May, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 21 May, 2024 Editor invited by journal 21 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 20 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 20 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4422007","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":318830200,"identity":"f8fd707b-f7d7-45ea-8336-52bfea4697fd","order_by":0,"name":"Si-Yu Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhejiang Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Si-Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":318830203,"identity":"ba7cfda6-9351-4e93-bc4e-a1850ae82bb9","order_by":1,"name":"Xiao-Yan Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhejiang Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiao-Yan","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":318830207,"identity":"5e5df862-cf23-4236-97fe-a7d368df643f","order_by":2,"name":"Qi Sun","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6klEQVRIie2RsQrCMBCGrxTqUjtHBOsjRALiIPgqJ4KTiiK4WhDqK9i36COkOHQpzhEd6qKLm4uTmFbnRDfBfMNxB/fBfwmAwfCrYFEqAdBy4h8rLv9GKSH4bnSKvxknIodjj+4v+XwWQsMTaN2mCoWKyaCDcO7HB0QWhcBqAu36RqWQUVtG2iI9IGfVEPqxQMd2lcFeigyWBIWy1CogXooVCxsKBalOodmVlbdE2RCYuyOtKDut6spg61Frf5cv5qXpmbmLru+lg+SmDCYh1oNDk4Mjv5LI2Qo0QrnGwQ/AzrWrBoPB8Jc8AXK9TDD+wNFxAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Zhejiang Normal University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qi","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-05-15 02:23:20","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4422007/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4422007/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02114-9","type":"published","date":"2024-10-29T16:20:16+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":68207259,"identity":"dfd2e4f2-a525-437a-a2fe-7f9b8a94d867","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-04 16:36:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":709170,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PaperDraft20240516.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4422007/v1_covered_4a0cf3b9-8e20-4f91-b764-680322e2c8c2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Estimation bias and serial dependence in speed perception","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-psychology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"psyo","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Psychology](http://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"BMC Psychology","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"speed perception, central tendency, serial dependence, slow-speed bias, efficient encoding, Bayesian decoding","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4422007/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4422007/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eStudies have found that feature estimates are systematically compressed towards the distribution center, showing a central tendency. 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