Mathematical Modelling and Analysis of Stochastic Malaria and COVID-19 Co-infection Model

In this article, we formulate and analyze a stochastic mathematical model for the co-infection of malaria and COVID-19. We study the dynamics and the effect of these diseases in a given population. We establish the basic reproduction number of the disease-free equilibrium point of the stochastic model by means of a suitable Lyapunov function. Moreover, we provide sufficient conditions for the stability of the model around the disease free equilibrium points. Finally, using a few simulation studies we demonstrate our theoretical results. Particularly, we derive threshold values for Malaria only R 0M s , COVID-19 only, R s 0C and co-infection R s 0MC model at the disease-free equilibrium point using the next generation matrix method. Next the conditions for stability in the stochastic sense for Malaria only, COVID-19 only sub models, and full model are established. Further, we devote with full strength our concentrated attention to sufficient conditions for extinction and persistence using each of these reproductive numbers. Finally, by using the Euler-Murayama scheme, we demonstrate the dynamics of the co-infection by means of numerical simulations.