Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Subway Tunnel Billboard Under Wind and Vibration Loads

Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Subway Tunnel Billboard Under Wind and Vibration Loads | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Original Article Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Subway Tunnel Billboard Under Wind and Vibration Loads Yong-hang Sun, Zhong Luo, Yu Wang, Kai Wei, Gui-xin Han This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In order to avoid the damage of billboards in the subway tunnel, the dynamic characteristic of them subjected to the wind load, the train-induced vibration load and both of them (multi-load) were analyzed. First, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate unsteady airflow when a train runs in tunnel. Second, the train-induced vibration load is obtained by the fitting formula. Finally, a finite element model of Shenyang Metro was built and the response of the billboard under different loads were obtained. The result shows that the structural response of the billboard under multi-load is severer than each single load. For the wind load, it has a greater influence on the equivalent stress of the billboard, while for the vibration load, it has a greater influence on the acceleration of the billboard. The response under multiple loads includes the characteristics of two loads acting separately. This study reveals the dynamic characteristic of billboards under different loads, which will help to improve the stability and safety life of them. Mechanical Engineering Vibration load Wind load Dynamic characteristics Subway tunnel billboards Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-37337","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Original Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":709273,"identity":"aff5def9-4169-46de-9ff4-c32e67b44c62","order_by":0,"name":"Yong-hang Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yong-hang","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":709274,"identity":"6575f49b-53f2-467d-ac2b-7f6f361d89ae","order_by":1,"name":"Zhong Luo","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4ElEQVRIie3RMQrCQBBA0VkW1sak3hAwVzBYCYpXScgFrMRCMBIYGw+QoOgVrFKbRhuxDmyjN1DS2AiugYDVRrGx2F8NA6+ZAdDp/jFOQ4AxAGtUm10tIZIcJaFfEYJy+Jg4yxny2zp1TArsfENomblHiqGCkFWGVpIKFyk03AShY+UetWMFodxH20gFkYTZBoK/zT1GmwrCSrISg5I8EKa1pFmSUPglkXfw2nWEcz/qxnsRICVoLU7cTY6XyFYRJw6y/DoR/c082vP7qOeYhyArVOSt10+BV4NOp9PpfukJ+LpC9ZSxKmwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhong","middleName":"","lastName":"Luo","suffix":""},{"id":709275,"identity":"459e6476-c50e-4968-a0f7-0548f2a1ef97","order_by":2,"name":"Yu Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":709276,"identity":"7878c1a8-a352-4845-9ec6-40292dbb9055","order_by":3,"name":"Kai Wei","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kai","middleName":"","lastName":"Wei","suffix":""},{"id":709277,"identity":"124c9726-1d0e-45c8-b87c-926d1598b765","order_by":4,"name":"Gui-xin Han","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gui-xin","middleName":"","lastName":"Han","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2020-06-22 05:18:10","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":1408406,"identity":"c0feaf67-f15e-4f6e-89ac-7cf81210803e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:56","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":12295,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of acceleration at point B under different loads","description":"","filename":"Fig22.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig22.jpg"},{"id":1408405,"identity":"a9b133ff-d7c6-4479-8513-8485659f2228","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:56","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":12983,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of von Mises equivalent stress at point A under different loads","description":"","filename":"Fig21.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig21.jpg"},{"id":1408404,"identity":"53beaf36-0750-4e56-bbad-6baeeae481a6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:56","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":33948,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the tunnel under the vibration load and the vibration load (MPa)","description":"","filename":"Fig20.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig20.jpg"},{"id":1408403,"identity":"7185d21c-2fed-4367-b50f-9717cd946910","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":26701,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the billboard under the vibration load and the vibration load (MPa)","description":"","filename":"Fig19.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig19.jpg"},{"id":1408402,"identity":"5c92eee6-a005-41ed-a9b7-2d85d8284a01","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":8926,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of acceleration at point B under the wind load","description":"","filename":"Fig18.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig18.jpg"},{"id":1408401,"identity":"823beeab-8b51-416d-bf76-ca67ec5e2285","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":8371,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of von Mises equivalent stress at point A under the wind load","description":"","filename":"Fig17.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig17.jpg"},{"id":1408400,"identity":"ddecd5ad-2e65-4342-b780-eb0344f1b0db","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":33132,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the tunnel under the wind load (MPa).","description":"","filename":"Fig16.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig16.jpg"},{"id":1408399,"identity":"230f92c4-1c8b-463c-aefc-3bc972f41b72","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":26730,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the billboard under the wind load (MPa)","description":"","filename":"Fig15.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig15.jpg"},{"id":1408398,"identity":"53567675-6e51-479d-abbe-cb8b840b62b3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":9040,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of acceleration at point B under the vibration load","description":"","filename":"Fig14.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig14.jpg"},{"id":1408397,"identity":"06387b48-2464-4dfc-9612-f3308f472f7d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:55","extension":"jpg","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":9035,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Time-history curve of von Mises equivalent stress at point A under the vibration load","description":"","filename":"Fig13.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig13.jpg"},{"id":1408396,"identity":"6c28737f-5f28-4947-9cde-e83e9f317dc1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":29082,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the tunnel under the vibration load (MPa)","description":"","filename":"Fig12.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig12.jpg"},{"id":1408395,"identity":"418df2da-c1e9-4438-a1f1-e370583d6a26","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":24925,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Von Mises equivalent stress contour of the billboard under the vibration load (MPa)","description":"","filename":"Fig11.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig11.jpg"},{"id":1408394,"identity":"a7ce2e20-2f67-409f-8242-53966d6ff56c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":13,"title":"Figure 13","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":15335,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The fitting curve of the vibration load (60 km/h)","description":"","filename":"Fig10.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig10.jpg"},{"id":1408393,"identity":"52679a7f-c825-4cdf-ace4-4a3eb29cc9b4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":14,"title":"Figure 14","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":9493,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The vehicle and the rail model","description":"","filename":"Fig9.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig9.jpg"},{"id":1408392,"identity":"657af07f-6842-4d43-a9b9-e170a89c341e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":15,"title":"Figure 15","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":20811,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Finite element model of the tunnel","description":"","filename":"Fig8.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig8.jpg"},{"id":1408391,"identity":"5e83ab70-012f-488f-b137-ebb6a079170c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":16,"title":"Figure 16","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":9629,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Pressure curve on the surface of the billboard at the train speed of 60 km/h","description":"","filename":"Fig7.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig7.jpg"},{"id":1408390,"identity":"ed571f3c-9706-4a12-8da1-7b5052fb4efa","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":17,"title":"Figure 17","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":66593,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Comparisons of pressure coefficient Cp on monitoring points: (a) PT1; (b) PT2; (c) PT3; (d) PT4","description":"","filename":"Fig6.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig6.jpg"},{"id":1408389,"identity":"f70b8637-4d42-46e1-a46b-a28bbde51d31","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":18,"title":"Figure 18","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":23877,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Schematic diagram of the experimental layout [3].","description":"","filename":"Fig5.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig5.jpg"},{"id":1408388,"identity":"0abc2999-64db-45c1-86f8-b1dd8bb31738","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":19,"title":"Figure 19","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":14009,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Model of the tunnel","description":"","filename":"Fig4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig4.jpg"},{"id":1408387,"identity":"d7badeb1-500a-488b-ac11-e414c8f32b07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:53","extension":"jpg","order_by":20,"title":"Figure 20","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":11439,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Cross section view of tunnel (mm)","description":"","filename":"Fig3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig3.jpg"},{"id":1408386,"identity":"2bcd2ccb-cd5a-4c41-bac2-40db2ee5b3d1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:53","extension":"jpg","order_by":21,"title":"Figure 21","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":30941,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Flowchart of the study","description":"","filename":"Fig2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig2.jpg"},{"id":1408385,"identity":"8dbd63c3-bcca-491e-b00c-7f3655b31f81","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:53","extension":"jpg","order_by":22,"title":"Figure 22","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":15636,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The billboards in tunnel","description":"","filename":"Fig1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/Fig1.jpg"},{"id":1408384,"identity":"977566ee-3f77-4741-8827-07624b0c35f7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:56","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1316204,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptCJME.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1_stamped.pdf"},{"id":1408407,"identity":"484581d1-ede3-40fa-9f9e-b8bfc21ab958","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2020-06-24 15:20:56","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1068859,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptCJME.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1/manuscriptCJME.pdf"},{"id":18655969,"identity":"13482a53-655c-4b66-9aea-2621226ea919","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-02-27 10:12:22","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":962460,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptCJME.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":13511766,"identity":"6eaa8957-f0a2-4656-b688-8118b4acd8b3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-16 23:53:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":971615,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptCJME.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-37337/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eStudy on the Dynamic Characteristics of Subway Tunnel Billboard Under Wind and Vibration Loads\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-37337/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Vibration load, Wind load, Dynamic characteristics, Subway tunnel, billboards","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"In order to avoid the damage of billboards in the subway tunnel, the dynamic characteristic of them subjected to the wind load, the train-induced vibration load and both of them (multi-load) were analyzed. First, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate unsteady airflow when a train runs in tunnel. Second, the train-induced vibration load is obtained by the fitting formula. Finally, a finite element model of Shenyang Metro was built and the response of the billboard under different loads were obtained. The result shows that the structural response of the billboard under multi-load is severer than each single load. For the wind load, it has a greater influence on the equivalent stress of the billboard, while for the vibration load, it has a greater influence on the acceleration of the billboard. The response under multiple loads includes the characteristics of two loads acting separately. This study reveals the dynamic characteristic of billboards under different loads, which will help to improve the stability and safety life of them.","manuscriptTitle":"Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Subway Tunnel Billboard Under Wind and Vibration Loads","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2020-06-24 15:20:52","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-37337/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"67e6a60c-40f1-4456-8bcb-c6b83e525b5e","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 24th, 2020","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":129813,"name":"Mechanical Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-02-27T10:12:08+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2020-06-24 15:20:52","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-37337","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-37337","identity":"rs-37337","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"ehx78VzkSd0WSzXnipQa-","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}