Spatial-temporal Patterns of Net Ecosystem Productivity in Vegetation of the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Multi-scale Meteorological Factors and Extreme Climate Events

Spatial-temporal Patterns of Net Ecosystem Productivity in Vegetation of the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Multi-scale Meteorological Factors and Extreme Climate Events | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Spatial-temporal Patterns of Net Ecosystem Productivity in Vegetation of the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Multi-scale Meteorological Factors and Extreme Climate Events Xin Ding, Zhaopei Zheng, Jian Liu, Dewei XIE, Yu Lan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581585/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Based on MODIS NDVI and ERA5-Land reanalysis data for 2000–2022, we estimated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) at the eco-functional-zone scale in the Yellow River Basin (YRB)with an improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model. Theil–Sen slope estimation, Mann–Kendall testing, coefficient-of-variation (CV) stability assessment and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to quantify spatiotemporal variations in vegetation NEP and its response to climate change and extreme events. The main findings are: (1) Over the past 23 years basin-wide NEP exhibited a significant upward trend (β = 8.36 g C m⁻² a⁻¹) with a pronounced “low in the northwest, high in the southeast” spatial pattern; areas of high inter-annual variability (CV > 25%) were concentrated in desert regions. (2) NEP was positively correlated with temperature (TEM) and precipitation (PRE) but negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit (VPD); correlations with solar radiation (RADI) varied among eco-functional zones. (3) Both the frequency of extreme-high-temperature days and that of extreme drought days are significantly and negatively correlated with regional vegetation NEP, with NEP in arid zones exhibiting markedly stronger sensitivity to these extremes than in humid zones. These findings furnish a scientific basis for carbon-accounting, eco-compensation policy design and climate-adaptation strategies across the YRB. Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences Biological sciences/Ecology Earth and environmental sciences/Ecology Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences net ecosystem productivity Yellow River Basin spatial-temporal variation extreme climate CASA model Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7581585","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":527119297,"identity":"c573bfbb-cb53-4439-8705-5dad924539b5","order_by":0,"name":"Xin Ding","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xin","middleName":"","lastName":"Ding","suffix":""},{"id":527119298,"identity":"d6610c98-ebf2-4518-896b-7617c9719a0f","order_by":1,"name":"Zhaopei 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Vegetation of the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Multi-scale Meteorological Factors and Extreme Climate Events","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"net ecosystem productivity, Yellow River Basin, spatial-temporal variation, extreme climate, CASA model","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581585/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581585/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBased on MODIS NDVI and ERA5-Land reanalysis data for 2000\u0026ndash;2022, we estimated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) at the eco-functional-zone scale in the Yellow River Basin (YRB)with an improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model. Theil\u0026ndash;Sen slope estimation, Mann\u0026ndash;Kendall testing, coefficient-of-variation (CV) stability assessment and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to quantify spatiotemporal variations in vegetation NEP and its response to climate change and extreme events. The main findings are: (1) Over the past 23 years basin-wide NEP exhibited a significant upward trend (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;8.36 g C m⁻\u0026sup2; a⁻\u0026sup1;) with a pronounced \u0026ldquo;low in the northwest, high in the southeast\u0026rdquo; spatial pattern; areas of high inter-annual variability (CV\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;25%) were concentrated in desert regions. (2) NEP was positively correlated with temperature (TEM) and precipitation (PRE) but negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit (VPD); correlations with solar radiation (RADI) varied among eco-functional zones. (3) Both the frequency of extreme-high-temperature days and that of extreme drought days are significantly and negatively correlated with regional vegetation NEP, with NEP in arid zones exhibiting markedly stronger sensitivity to these extremes than in humid zones. These findings furnish a scientific basis for carbon-accounting, eco-compensation policy design and climate-adaptation strategies across the YRB.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Spatial-temporal Patterns of Net Ecosystem Productivity in Vegetation of the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Multi-scale Meteorological Factors and Extreme Climate Events","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-10 03:23:00","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581585/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"228ff32d-6647-4fa0-a3b8-5dbd55d70799","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 10th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":56030010,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences"},{"id":56030011,"name":"Biological sciences/Ecology"},{"id":56030012,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Ecology"},{"id":56030013,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-04T10:57:59+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-10 03:23:00","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7581585","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7581585","identity":"rs-7581585","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}