Nitrate Removal from Urban Storm Runoffs by Multi-Filter Process

Nitrate Removal from Urban Storm Runoffs by Multi-Filter Process | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Nitrate Removal from Urban Storm Runoffs by Multi-Filter Process Somayeh Sirouspour, Mohammad Parvinnia, Ardeshir Shokrollahi, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2625359/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The ultimate goal of the present study is to design and investigate the bio-geo-filters for nitrate removal from the runoffs. This research uses alternate layers of non-woven geotextile and granular soil to reduce and remove pollution. These layers are of paramount importance in permeability and adsorption capability. Some points have been considered for selecting the materials, including the material capability for pollution removal, their accessibility, and maximal cost-effectiveness. After conducting the permeability tests, the weight mixing ratio of the materials used in permeable reactive barriers (PRB) was considered to be 25% sand, 20% zeolite, 20% iron filings, and 10% poplar wood sawdust. For pH 7, zeolite's maximal nitrate adsorption efficiency is about 69%, sawdust 29%, and iron filings 12%. The investigation of nitrate adsorption through the final prepared PRB for different nitrate concentrations under the optimal pH conditions showed maximal adsorption of about 83% for a nitrate concentration of 150 mg/L. The more the initial nitrate concentration, the more the absorption amount. Moreover, nitrate was removed with equal amounts of absorbent at optimal pH at different times to determine the equilibrium time. The maximal removal of 100% was obtained at an equilibrium time of 96 hours. In the pollution removal test with biomass grown in the filter environment, the filter decreased the nitrate content up to 99% after nine days, i.e., the final nitrate content was reduced from 100 to 1 mg/L. bio-geo-filter Nitrate removal Treating urban runoff absorption low-cost adsorbents Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2625359","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":179808994,"identity":"93e3ab04-3b19-4f43-8b90-d70b9fcfe6d5","order_by":0,"name":"Somayeh Sirouspour","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Yasouj University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Somayeh","middleName":"","lastName":"Sirouspour","suffix":""},{"id":179808995,"identity":"25ee8de3-a684-423e-8ff0-9564dd933b60","order_by":1,"name":"Mohammad Parvinnia","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACAwYGNgbmA0CGBUxIghgtbAlABlwlIS1gwGNAnErd2c3PPvMU3MnjYz/zdcOPAgkGgxsJjB9+MFjk49JidueY8Wweg2fFbDy52272GIC1MEv2MEhYNuDSciPBmHGGweHENobcbTd4IFoYpIEuNMBpy430zxAt/G+e3fwDteU3fi05xgwfQFokcthuQ21hw2/LnTPFUC3PzG7LGEjwSJ552GYJ9BRuLbfbNzMk/DmcOL8/+dnNN39s5PiOJx++8aOiDqcWjIjgUTjA2ACOXKK1MMg34FE9CkbBKBgFIxIAAMZoUkPYRJZsAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Yasouj University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"","lastName":"Parvinnia","suffix":""},{"id":179808996,"identity":"23427b7a-8712-4e43-a98c-e22b9f8591a1","order_by":2,"name":"Ardeshir Shokrollahi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Yasouj University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ardeshir","middleName":"","lastName":"Shokrollahi","suffix":""},{"id":179808997,"identity":"429b60f6-ca2c-4f0e-9142-5ae44be7fd39","order_by":3,"name":"Reza khalili","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shahid Beheshti University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Reza","middleName":"","lastName":"khalili","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-02-24 15:44:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2625359/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2625359/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":43622799,"identity":"aeaeca2b-f247-4c9a-8576-f46d9d5ca14c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-09-25 11:22:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":495537,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"papersirouspour.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2625359/v1_covered_6155fd77-4e6d-42dd-b6d0-4e8bfe86dbb6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Nitrate Removal from Urban Storm Runoffs by Multi-Filter Process","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"bio-geo-filter, Nitrate removal, Treating urban runoff, absorption, low-cost adsorbents","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2625359/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2625359/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe ultimate goal of the present study is to design and investigate the bio-geo-filters for nitrate removal from the runoffs. This research uses alternate layers of non-woven geotextile and granular soil to reduce and remove pollution. These layers are of paramount importance in permeability and adsorption capability. Some points have been considered for selecting the materials, including the material capability for pollution removal, their accessibility, and maximal cost-effectiveness. After conducting the permeability tests, the weight mixing ratio of the materials used in permeable reactive barriers (PRB) was considered to be 25% sand, 20% zeolite, 20% iron filings, and 10% poplar wood sawdust. For pH 7, zeolite's maximal nitrate adsorption efficiency is about 69%, sawdust 29%, and iron filings 12%. The investigation of nitrate adsorption through the final prepared PRB for different nitrate concentrations under the optimal pH conditions showed maximal adsorption of about 83% for a nitrate concentration of 150 mg/L. 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