Enamel Changes of Bleached Teeth Following Application of an Experimental Combination of Chitosan-Bioactive Glass

Abstract Background and Objectives: Considering the extensive use of bleaching agents and occurrence of side effects such as enamel demineralization, this study aimed to assess the enamel changes of bleached teeth following experimental application of chitosan-bioactive glass (CH-BG). Materials and Methods In this in vitro, CH-BG (containing 66% BG) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thirty sound human premolars were bleached with 40% hydrogen peroxide, and the mass percentage of calcium and phosphorous ions was quantified before and after bleaching by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The specimens were then divided into three groups: control, MI Paste Plus, and CH-BG. This process was repeated for 14 days, and the specimens were stored in artificial saliva. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results In all groups, the mass percentage of calcium and phosphorous ions of enamel decreased after bleaching; this reduction was significant for phosphorous and insignificant for calcium. After 14 days of remineralization, the mass percentage of both calcium and phosphorous ions significantly increased in both M and CH-BG groups. The difference between M and CH-BG groups was not significant but both of them had a significant difference with the control group in this regard. The final mass percentage of both calcium and phosphorous in M and CH-BG groups was not significantly different from the values before bleaching. Conclusion The synthesized CH-BG compound showed an efficacy comparable to that of MI Paste Plus for enamel remineralization of bleached teeth.