Rosai-Dorfman disease with lung involvement in a 10-year-old patient: a case report

Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign proliferative disease whose etiology is not clear and may be related to infection or unexplained immune dysfunction. The authors present a case of RDD with lung involvement in a 10-year-old patient.\\ Case description: a 10-year-old female found that the left lymph node was enlarged for more than 7 months, the larger range was about 6.5-5.9-8.1cm, and the cervical MR was considered as: malignant tumor, the possibility of lymph node metastasis was high. At the same time, lung CT conclusion: multiple nodules in both lungs, it is possible to consider metastatic tumor. Finally, RDD was diagnosed by pathology and immunohistochemistry.\\ Discussion: RDD involving the lung is very rare in clinic, and lung RDD clinical symptoms and imaging have no obvious specific manifestations, clinically easy to be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor, the final need for pathological diagnosis. The pathological manifestation of this case is typical, CD68, CD163 and Smur100 are all positive, and no other lesions are found in clinical and laboratory examination, so it is considered as the possibility of RDD involving the lung.\\ Conclusion: The simple use of imaging methods for diagnosis RDD is easy to lead to misdiagnosis, we need to comprehensively consider the use of different diagnostic methods; and according to the epidemiological characteristics of RDD, long-term follow-up of cases is necessary.