Why do minor sixths sound fearful?
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Abstract
In the literature, there are numerous descriptions of the minor sixth by terms such as "fearful", "anxious", "fear", "anxiousness" or "threatening". Until now, there has been no generally accepted explanation for this effect. In terms of the Theory of Musical Equilibration, it is related to the expectation of resolution to the fifth. The fifth, on the other hand, is described as "eerie," "bleak," "gloomy," "haunting," and "cold" and is often associated with death. The Theory of Musical Equilibration presents the resolution expectation of the fifth as the listener's identification with a will against the resolution of the minor sixth into the fifth. According to the aforementioned descriptions, the minor sixth would be associated with the identification with an aversion to the eerie, spooky, etc. This explains the fearful character of the minor sixth. If one changes the listening expectation for the minor sixth, its fearful character also disappears.
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- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-05-19T01:45:01.086888+00:00
- unpaywall
- last seen: 2026-05-26T02:00:01.498150+00:00
License: CC-BY-4.0