Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with liver cancer

Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with liver cancer | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with liver cancer Xiangyu Du, Anque Liao, Jia Li, Ziping Ye, Jiang Li This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4285100/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Chinese liver cancer patients. The research considers socio-demographic and clinical determinants and incorporates generic (EQ-5D-5L) and disease-specific (EORTC QLQ-C30) instruments for a more nuanced analysis. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 229 liver cancer patients treated at two prominent Chinese hospitals from February to July 2023. The study utilized generic instruments EQ-5D-5L and the disease-specific HCC18 tool for QoL assessment. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and multivariate linear regression. Results Factors such as ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, BCLC, and CNLC stages significantly impacted HRQoL scores. Age, education, alcohol consumption, ALB levels, and hypertension influenced EQ-5D-5L VAS scores. Living status, TBil levels, ALB levels, PVTT, and treatment type affected EQ-5D-5L utility and QLQ-C30 summary scores. Notably, living alone correlated with higher utility values. Multivariate analysis revealed consistent influences of ECOG PS and CNLC stage on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of HRQoL in Chinese liver cancer patients, integrating generic and disease-specific instruments. ECOG PS and CNLC stage emerged as crucial determinants of HRQoL. The findings underscore the importance of tailored interventions to enhance HRQoL in this population. Future research can explore variations in utility values under different sets and optimize health economic assessments. Liver cancer Health-Related Quality of Life EQ-5D-5L EORTC QLQ-C30 Cross-sectional study China Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 1 Introduction Liver cancer, encompassing hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, ranks as the sixth most common cancer worldwide [1]. According to The Global Cancer Observatory, there were 905677 new cases of liver cancer in 2020 [2]. In the United States, the five-year survival rate for liver cancer is 21 percent, which is only higher than pancreatic cancer among all types of cancer(12%) [3]. The number of deaths from liver cancer in 2020 was 830,180, with over 72% occurring in the Asian region, which are shown in Fig. 1 [2]. 45.3% of liver cancer cases, and 47.1% of liver cancer deaths occur in China[4]. The high prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections, coupled with high alcohol consumption and aflatoxin exposure, contribute significantly to the high incidence of liver cancer in China. Furthermore, an aging population and shifts in lifestyle and dietary habits are increasingly contributing to the development of liver cancer[5]. Efforts are being made to control the incidence of liver cancer in China, including hepatitis B vaccination, early detection, and treatment of liver diseases. However, with the health status of the aging population worsening in China, the burden due to premature mortality from liver cancer remains a challenge in the future[6]. At present, the common treatment methods for liver cancer include hepatic resection, liver transplantation, ablation, radiotherapy, locoregional approach(radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, etc.), systemic therapy and other means[7]. Currently, surgical intervention is the only possible means to potentially cure liver cancer. However, due to the lack of symptoms in the early stages and the lack of surveillance for high-risk patients, the majority of patients are already in the intermediate or advanced stages of cancer at the time of diagnosis, resulting in missed opportunities for curative procedures such as hepatic resection and liver transplantation. Non-surgical treatments can prolong the survival time of patients and improve tumor-related symptoms. Considering the course of this disease and the burden of treatment, there is now an increasing focus on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in relation to liver cancer. In addition, some studies have suggested that baseline HRQoL at the time of diagnosis can be used as a predictor of overall survival in patients with advanced liver cancer [8–10]. HRQoL refers to health in the physical, psychological, and social domains, influenced by personal experiences, beliefs, expectations, and perceptions [11]. Currently, the tools used for evaluating the quality of life (QoL) in general patients include EQ-5D[12, 13] and Short Form 36[14]. For cancer patients, there are also general QoL instruments, such as the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30)[15] and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General[16]. In addition to tumors within the liver, liver cancer patients typically experience accompanying symptoms related to underlying liver diseases. Therefore, liver cancer-specific HRQoL scales, like QLQ-HCC18[17] and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary[18], have been developed to assess the impact of liver diseases on patients' quality of life. There have been some published articles on the HRQoL of liver cancer patients. However, possibly due to limitations in the number of questionnaire items, these studies only involve one or two QoL measurement tools and lack a cross-comparative analysis of these QoL measurement tools [19–22]. We have opted to employ the most commonly used tool for measuring HRQoL in cancer survivors, the EORTC QLQ-C30, as well as one of the widely utilized generic quality of life assessment tools, the EQ-5D, to assess the HRQoL and its associated influencing factors in patients with liver cancer in China. 2 Methods 2.1 Study design and patient recruitment A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the QoL of 229 liver cancer patients who sought medical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2023 and July 2023. Inclusion criteria included age ≥ 18 years, a pathological diagnosis of liver cancer, and the ability of patients or their caregivers to communicate in Mandarin Chinese. Exclusion criteria included patients who declined participation, had limited understanding of the study questionnaire, had primary cancer other than liver cancer, or provided incomplete questionnaire responses. 2.2. Instruments and measures We selected a set of generic and disease-specific instruments, such as EQ-5D-5L,EORTC QLQ-C30, and HCC18, to assess the QoL in patients with liver cancer, and these scales have obtained the necessary approvals from respective institutions. The specific descriptions of these QoL measurement tools are provided below. EQ-5D-5L EQ-5D-5L is a widely used generic questionnaire for assessing health status, comprising a brief descriptive system questionnaire and a visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). The descriptive system questionnaire of EQ-5D-5L evaluates health using five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension consists of five levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems/unable to perform[23, 24] EORTC QLQ-C30 The EORTC QLQ-C30 was developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. The questionnaire comprises a set of 30 items that encompass five functional subscales (physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, role functioning, and cognitive functioning), nine symptom subscales and a global health status[15]. The response options for the functional subscales and symptom subscales encompassing "not at all," "a little," "quite a bit," and "very much." While patients rate the severity of the global health status on a scale from 1(very poor) to 7(excellent). In addition, the EORTC QLQ-C30 summary score has been found to have strong prognostic value for the overall survival of cancer patients. This means that a higher summary score is associated with better survival outcomes[25]. The broad applicability of the EORTC QLQ-C30 extends to diverse domains such as clinical research, treatment monitoring, and quality-of-life interventions for cancer patients. Through the utilization of this instrument, researchers and clinical practitioners can objectively assess patients' functional status and quality of life across various domains, thereby enhancing comprehension of disease burden and treatment outcomes [15]. 2.3. Statistical analysis The EQ-5D-5L index scores were computed using the Chinese value set[26]. Descriptive statistics were employed to report the differences in EQ-5D-5L index scores among subgroups defined by patients' demographic characteristics and clinical conditions. Univariate significance was examined using Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. All variables with P < 0.05 were included in the multivariate linear regression analysis to explore the relationships between demographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and quality of life scores. Descriptive statistics and corresponding tests were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 21, while the regression model was analyzed using R version 4.1.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). 3. Results 3.1. Patients' characteristics and descriptive statistics We conducted interviews with a total of 255 liver cancer patients who were hospitalized in the departments of hepato-biliary surgery, gastroenterology, and oncology. The interviews were conducted 7–10 days after their discharge. Among these patients, 229 completed the HRQoL survey and were included in the study. The sociodemographic data of liver cancer patients included in the study, along with the clinical data that potentially affecting patients' quality of life, and their corresponding health-related quality of life scores, can be found in Table 1 . From this table, it is evident that ECOG PS scores, Child-Pugh class stratification, and BCLC or CNLC-related tumor grading significantly impact the scores for the quality of life assessment with EQ-5D-5L and QLQ-C30. Moreover, our analysis revealed significant associations between patients' EQ-5D-5L-VAS scores and age, ALB levels, and the presence of hypertension. Similarly, living status, TBil and ALB levels exhibited discernible impacts on both the utility values derived from EQ-5D-5L and the QLQ-C30 summary scores. Interestingly, our findings suggest that liver cancer patients living alone report notably higher utility values and QLQ-C30 summary scores in comparison to those living with others, with corresponding p-values of 0.083 and 0.016, respectively. Table 1 HRQoL according to Characteristics of liver cancer patient (N = 229) Variables N % Missing VAS median (IQR) P-Value EQ-5D-5L utility median (IQR) P-Value QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL median (IQR) P-Value QLQ-C30 Summary score median (IQR) P-Value Age, yr <50 40 17.50 0 80.00 (65.50, 90.00) 0.009 0.94 (0.79, 1.00) 0.501 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.297 87.52 (74.02, 95.02) 0.703 50–59 87 38.00 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) 66.67 (58.33, 83.33) 89.04 (79.53, 94.49) 60–69 63 27.50 80.00 (63.75, 90.00) 0.94 (0.81, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.08 (73.37, 95.38) 70+ 39 17.00 70.00 (60.00, 85.00) 0.93 (0.78, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 84.87 (74.62, 96.54) Gender Female 38 16.60 0 80.00 (69.00, 87.50) 0.471 0.94 (0.75, 1.00) 0.483 66.67 (54.17, 83.33) 0.984 81.54 (68.12, 91.50) 0.051 Male 191 83.40 80.00 (68.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.23 (77.09, 95.21) Education Primary school or less 77 33.60 0 80.00 (61.25, 90.00) 0.028 0.94 (0.78, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 75.00) 87.93 (73.61, 95.14) Secondary school 89 38.90 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.89 (78.16, 95.13) High school 41 17.90 70.00 (62.50, 82.50) 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.93 (72.84, 95.24) College or more 22 9.60 82.50 (73.75, 92.00) 0.94 (0.88, 1.00) 83.33 (66.67, 83.33) 88.16 (78.70, 94.94) Living status Living alone 8 3.50 0 80.00 (80.00, 90.00) 0.272 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) 0.009 66.67 (58.33, 83.33) 0.281 95.21 (91.28, 98.50) 0.016 Living with spouse 181 79.50 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.93 (78.97, 95.26) Living with others 39 17.00 80.00 (60.00, 85.00) 0.89 (0.78, 0.97) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 84.87 (71.00, 92.45) Smoking Smoker 129 56.30 0 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.109 0.94 (0.86, 1.00) 0.634 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.729 89.57 (77.05, 95.16) 0.316 Non-smoker 100 43.70 80.00 (65.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.78, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 86.45 (74.66, 94.87) Alcohol Drinker 120 52.40 0 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.049 0.94 (0.89, 1.00) 0.527 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.538 89.74 (79.53, 95.43) 0.109 Non-drinker 109 47.60 80.00 (60.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.80, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 84.87 (73.93, 94.79) ECOG 0 56 24.50 0 90.00 (80.00, 100.00) <0.001 1.00 (0.94, 1.00) <0.001 83.33 (66.67, 100.00) <0.001 95.64 (90.94, 99.15) <0.001 1 117 51.10 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.89, 1.00) 66.67 (58.33, 83.33) 89.66 (82.22, 94.49) 2 28 12.20 60.00 (52.50, 80.00) 0.81 (0.60, 0.92) 50.00 (50.00, 66.67) 73.93 (66.73, 81.88) 3 17 7.40 70.00 (55.00, 77.50) 0.69 (0.42, 0.78) 66.67 (50.00, 66.67) 66.94 (63.03, 75.52) 4 11 4.80 30.00 (20.00, 55.00) -0.06 (-0.35, -0.01) 33.33 (8.33, 50.00) 46.79 (35.36, 50.85) Child-Pugh class A 184 80.30 0 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) <0.001 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) <0.001 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.013 * 89.74 (80.92, 95.64) <0.001 B 40 17.50 80.00 (63.75, 90.00) 0.94 (0.75, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 83.85 (71.45, 91.47) C 5 2.20 50.00 (25.00, 70.00) -0.01 (-0.07, 0.23) 50.00 (25.00, 66.67) 52.44 (43.63, 60.66) AFP, mg/mL ≤ 10 120 53.30 4 80.00 (67.50, 90.00) 0.603 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 0.646 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.490 88.93 (79.91, 95.53) 0.283 10–200 57 25.30 80.00 (68.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.82, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 87.56 (73.33, 95.13) ≥ 200 48 21.30 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 87.91 (74.32, 92.05) ALT, U/L <40 167 73.90 3 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.469 0.94 (0.82, 1.00) 0.447 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.436 88.85 (74.98, 95.29) 0.641 40–120 49 21.70 80.00 (63.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.86, 1.00) 66.67 (58.33, 83.33) 88.38 (79.91, 93.50) >120 10 4.40 80.00 (50.00, 85.00) 0.94 (0.76, 0.98) 58.33 (50.00, 75.00) 90.77 (73.12, 94.96) Tbil, µmol/L <34 211 92.00 4 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.052 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 51 12 5.30 70.00 (50.00, 80.00) 0.73 (0.12, 0.89) 66.67 (41.67, 66.67) 71.58 (53.80, 76.92) ALB, g/L >35 15 7.50 30 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.046 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) 0.023 66.67 (58.33, 83.33) 0.067 90.06 (81.71, 96.49) 0.001 28–35 61 30.70 80.00 (65.00, 90.00) 0.90 (0.75, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 82.22 (71.71, 91.73) <28 123 61.80 70.00 (50.00, 90.00) 0.86 (0.12, 0.96) 66.67 (50.00, 75.00) 83.59 (53.80, 91.28) Ascites Yes 80 35.40 1 80.00 (65.00, 90.00) 0.740 0.94 (0.80, 1.00) 0.274 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.203 85.85 (73.89, 92.74) 0.068 No 148 64.60 80.00 (69.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.15 (79.72, 96.18) Cirrhosis Yes 126 98.44 1 80.00 (68.75, 90.00) 0.391 0.94 (0.82, 1.00) 0.63 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.90 88.48 (74.66, 94.97) 0.59 No 102 79.69 80.00 (66.50, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.63 (77.20, 96.11) Extrahepatic metastasis Yes 90 39.30 0 80.00 (62.50, 90.00) 0.096 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 0.654 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.039 87.95 (72.61, 95.34) 0.562 No 139 60.70 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.89 (76.92, 95.21) PVTT Yes 76 33.30 1 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.503 0.90 (0.80, 1.00) 0.061 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.713 84.87 (72.98, 91.65) 0.023 No 80.00 (65.75, 90.00) 0.94 (0.87, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.70 (79.04, 96.13) Comorbidity Diabetes 36 15.80 1 80.00 (60.00, 85.00) 0.081 0.90 (0.76, 1.00) 0.107 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.654 83.76 (71.93, 94.07) 0.126 No diabetes 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.15 (76.92, 95.56) Hypertension 49 21.50 1 70.00 (60.00, 90.00) 0.025 0.93 (0.78, 1.00) 0.181 66.67 (50.00, 79.17) 0.081 85.85 (73.12, 93.27) 0.248 No hypertension 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.89 (76.54, 95.30) Hepatitis 170 74.56 1 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.024 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 0.175 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.839 89.19 (76.74, 94.88) 0.728 No hepatitis 58 25.44 75.00 (63.75, 90.00) 0.92 (0.78, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 85.56 (72.61, 96.79) Number of comorbidities 0 24 10.50 1 80.00 (70.00, 97.25) 0.535 1.00 (0.91, 1.00) 0.114 66.67 (66.67, 83.33) 0.431 95.17 (82.19, 99.20) 0.035 1 96 42.10 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.84, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.91 (76.97, 95.07) 2 68 29.80 80.00 (60.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.79, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.21 (74.38, 94.36) ≥ 3 40 17.50 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.76, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 82.91 (68.06, 93.84) BCLC stage A 47 20.50 0 90.00 (80.00, 98.00) <0.001 1.00 (0.91, 1.00) <0.001 83.33 (58.33, 83.33) <0.001 92.31 (83.42, 97.44) <0.001 B 32 14.00 80.00 (68.50, 90.00) 0.94 (0.94, 1.00) 70.83 (66.67, 83.33) 91.92 (84.03, 95.93) C 122 53.30 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.85, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.15 (79.53, 95.02) D 28 12.20 55.00 (40.00, 70.00) 0.16 (-0.02, 0.66) 50.00 (33.33, 66.67) 57.35 (47.35, 66.19) CNLC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ 87 38.00 0 85.00 (75.00, 95.00) <0.001 0.95 (0.91, 1.00) <0.001 75.00 (58.33, 83.33) <0.001 91.45 (82.31, 96.58) <0.001 Ⅲ 113 49.30 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.86, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 89.57 (80.61, 95.07) Ⅳ 29 12.70 55.00 (40.00, 70.00) 0.16 (-0.02, 0.65) 50.00 (33.33, 66.67) 57.26 (47.91, 66.00) Duration of diagnosis, yr <1 178 77.70 0 80.00 (67.25, 90.00) 0.826 0.94 (0.82, 1.00) 0.066 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.297 88.61 (73.79, 94.72) 0.558 1–5 38 16.60 80.00 (68.75, 90.00) 0.95 (0.85, 1.00) 75.00 (50.00, 87.50) 90.28 (74.66, 96.62) 5+ 13 5.70 77.50 (66.25, 87.50) 0.98 (0.94, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 81.25) 84.49 (80.61, 96.08) Treatment taken None (follow-up) 26 11.45 2 80.00 (66.00, 95.75) 0.371 0.95 (0.88, 1.00) 0.057 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 0.972 88.87 (81.76, 96.79) 0.024 Ablation or with systemic therapies 36 15.86 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 70.83 (50.00, 83.33) 92.33 (78.76, 97.34) Systemic therapies 153 67.40 80.00 (70.00, 90.00) 0.94 (0.83, 1.00) 66.67 (50.00, 83.33) 88.38 (74.83, 94.83) Palliative 12 5.29 69.00 (61.25, 87.50) 0.83 (0.07, 0.94) 66.67 (50.00, 79.17) 71.52 (52.78, 89.81) 3.2. Health-related quality of life of the whole sample In Fig. 2 , we present the scores obtained from liver cancer patients enrolled in our study using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L scales. It is important to acknowledge that our dataset exhibited a skewed distribution, likely due to the relatively modest sample size (n = 299). Nonetheless, to facilitate cross-study comparisons, we provide both the median (IQR) and mean (SD) scores for each scale item. As is commonly accepted, higher scores on the functional scales within the EORTC QLQ-C30 signify a more favorable functional status, whereas elevated scores on symptom-related items indicate a heightened level of symptoms or associated challenges. Consequently, as illustrated in Fig. 2 , the median scores on the functional scales, presented with interquartile ranges (IQR), are arranged in descending order: role (100.00, IQR: 66.67–100.00), emotional (91.67, IQR: 75.00-100.00), physical (86.67, IQR: 66.67–93.33), cognitive (83.33, IQR: 83.33–100.00), and social functioning (83.33, IQR: 50.00-100.00). Notably, among the symptom-related items, financial difficulties (33.33, IQR: 33.33–66.67) and fatigue (22.22, IQR: 0-44.44) emerged as relatively more prevalent or severe symptoms compared to others. For the EORTC QLQ-C30 scale, the median score for global health status, accompanied by the interquartile range (IQR), is 66.67 (IQR: 50.00-83.33). The EQ-5D-5L-VAS score registered at 80 (68–90), accompanied by a mean (SD) EQ-5D-5L score of 0.83 (0.29) and a median (IQR) of 0.94 (0.83,1). The distribution of item responses for the EQ-5D-5L is illustrated in Fig. 3 . At least half of the patients experienced slight to extreme levels of pain/discomfort (51%), followed by higher occurrences of anxiety/depression (35%) and usual activities (31%). 3.3 Influencing factors of HRQoL in liver cancer patients in multivariable analysis As shown in Table 2 , the multivariate model indicated that ECOG PS, CNLC stage had significant associations with EQ-5D-5L-VAS. Compared with patients with an ECOG PS of 0, patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -7.135, P = 0.002) and 2–4 (β = -20.784, P < 0.001) were more likely to have lower score of EQ-5D-5L-VAS. Patients with CNLC stage Ⅲ (β = -3.956, P = 0.045) and stage Ⅳ (β = -13.241, P = 0.001) had negative association with EQ-5D-5L-VAS. The multiple linear regression model of EQ-5D-5L utility showed that patients with ECOG PS of 2–4 had negative effect on utility score (β = -0.203, P < 0.001). That means, compared with patients in CNLC stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ, patients in stage Ⅳ(β = -0.493, P < 0.001) were more likely to have poorer QoL. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that ECOG PS and CNLC stage were significantly correlated with QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL. Patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -11.087, P < 0.001) and 2–4 (β = -21.235, P < 0.001) had worse QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL than those with ECOG PS of 0. When taken CNLC stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ as a reference, patients in CNLC stage Ⅲ (β = -6.635, P = 0.012) and stage Ⅳ (β = -14.668, P = 0.004) were more likely to have negative effect on QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL. For QLQ-C30 summary score, the multivariate model indicated that ECOG PS, Child-pugh, BCLC and CNLC stage were significantly related to HRQoL. Compared with patients with ECOG PS 0, patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -7.022, P < 0.001) and 2–4 (β = -20.172, P < 0.001) had lower QLQ-C30 summary score. Child-pugh B/C patients had lower QLQ-C30 summary score (β = -4.105, P = 0.016) than patients with Child-pugh A status. In addition, patients in BCLC stage C/D showed a worse performs (β = -8.546, P = 0.020) in QLQ-C30 summary score when compared with stage A/B. Taking the QLQ-C30 summary score of patients in CNLC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱas a reference, the score of patients in CNLC stage Ⅳ was lower (β = -8.821, P = 0.038), while there is no significant difference between stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Table 2 HRQoL according to Characteristics of liver cancer patients Variable B SE t P EQ-5D-5L -VAS (R 2 0.371) ECOG PS 0 Reference 1 -7.135 2.163 -3.189 0.002** 2–4 -20.784 3.229 -6.437 <0.001*** TBil -0.032 0.022 -1.449 0.149 CNLC Ⅰ-Ⅱ Reference Ⅲ -3.956 1.967 -2.012 0.045* Ⅳ -13.241 3.984 -3.323 0.001** EQ-5D-5L utility (R 2 0.619) ECOG PS 0 Reference 1 -0.037 0.029 -1.263 0.208 2–4 -0.203 0.041 -4.884 <0.001 Child-pugh A Reference B/C -0.053 0.031 -1.731 0.085 CNLC Ⅰ-Ⅱ Reference Ⅲ -0.017 0.025 -0.670 0.503 Ⅳ -0.493 0.051 -9.683 <0.001 QLQ-C30 Global health status (R 2 0.259) Education Primary school and below Reference Junior high school 1.504 2.916 0.516 0.607 Senior high school and above 7.054 3.105 2.272 0.002 ECOG PS 0 Reference 1 -11.087 2.957 -3.750 <0.001 2–4 -21.235 4.340 -4.893 <0.001 CNLC Ⅰ-Ⅱ Reference Ⅲ -6.635 2.620 -2.532 0.012 Ⅳ -14.668 5.085 -2.885 0.004 QLQ-C30 Summary score (R 2 0.5964) ECOG PS 0 Reference 1 -7.022 1.598 -4.395 <0.001 2–4 -20.172 2.299 -8.772 <0.001 Child-pugh A Reference B/C -4.105 1.690 -2.429 0.016 BCLC A/B Reference C/D -8.546 3.638 -2.349 0.020 CNLC Ⅰ-Ⅱ Reference Ⅲ 6.733 3.582 1.880 0.062 Ⅳ -8.821 4.227 -2.087 0.038 4. Discussion Quality of life is increasingly recognized as a crucial indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of health interventions, especially in the context of incurable diseases. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 229 liver cancer patients, revealing that the median (IQR) score for EQ-5D-5L VAS was 80 (68–90), the median (IQR) score for EQ-5D-5L utility was 0.94 (0.83, 1), the median (IQR) score for EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL was 66.67 (50.00, 83.33), and the median (IQR) score for QLQ-C30 summary score was 66.67 (50.00, 83.33). Continuing with our analysis, we utilized the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test and identified that ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, BCLC stage, and CNLC stage all exerted significant influences on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, as well as EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score. Furthermore, different age groups, patients' educational levels, alcohol consumption, ALB levels, and the presence of hypertension were found to have a significant impact on EQ-5D-5L VAS scores. Living status, TBil levels, and ALB levels exhibited a significant influence on EQ-5D-5L utility scores. TBil levels and the presence of extrahepatic metastasis were identified as significantly affecting QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL scores. Living status, TBil levels, ALB levels, PVTT, and the type of treatment taken demonstrated a significant impact on QLQ-C30 summary scores. However, the time of tumor diagnosis, ascites severity, and different treatment modalities did not show a significant difference in their impact on patients’ QoL. Subsequently, in our multiple linear regression analysis of variables significantly affecting these QoL indicators, we discovered that ECOG PS and CNLC stage had a significant impact on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score. Additionally, Child-Pugh class and BCLC staging were identified as having a significant influence on QLQ-C30 summary scores. In contrast to the studies conducted by Yuji Kondo, Shiow-Ching Shun, and others, our multivariate correlation analysis revealed that different ALB levels did not have a statistically significant impact on patients’ quality of life. This discrepancy could be attributed to the relatively smaller sample size[27], differences in the scales used to measure patients’ quality of life[27], or inconsistencies in statistical methods[28]. In addition, unlike the findings of Shinichi Ueno et al.[29], our study excluded the correlation between HRQoL and serum cholinesterase. This result may be attributed to the different baseline characteristics of the patients included in the two studies. The sample included in Shinichi Ueno et al.'s study was 96 liver cancer patients who underwent liver resection for 1–5 years. There are a few limitations in this study. The psychopathological characteristics of liver cancer patients and their cognitive of the disease are also related to HRQoL [21, 30]. While this study evaluated the correlation between HRQoL and sociodemographic characteristics as well as clinical indicators, it did not include a specialized clinical psychiatric assessment scale to evaluate the correlation between patients’ mental state and QoL. In addition, the included patients are inpatients from provincial-level tertiary hospitals, and there may be a certain degree of deviation in the severity of the disease and economic level of the patients. Research on the EOTRC QLC-10D value set for Hong Kong, China, has been published [31], and similar research for residents in the Chinese Mainland is nearing completion. In future research, we can use local data to compare the difference in utility values of liver cancer patients under the universal and disease specific value sets and optimize health economic assessment. 5. Conclusion In conclusion, our study illuminates the intricate determinants of HRQoL among Chinese liver cancer patients, underscoring the critical roles played by ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, and cancer staging. Going beyond mere academic contributions, our findings hold significant implications for both clinical practice and policy formulation. These identified factors should serve as guiding principles for comprehensive patient care, emphasizing the importance of early interventions and tailored support, particularly for those in advanced stages of the disease. Meanwhile, this study also points out the main factors affecting patient's quality of life in the process of liver cancer treatment. With the advancement of medical concepts, we should not only focus on the objective efficacy of the disease, but also take the subjective efficacy of the patients into consideration at the same time, so as to try our best to improve the quality of life of patients with liver cancer, especially those in advanced stages. As we look to the future, the integration of specialized clinical psychiatric assessments and the incorporation of local data can refine our understanding of mental health's impact on HRQoL. Future research should prioritize addressing the psychopathological characteristics, cognitive aspects, and socioeconomic factors that influence HRQoL, ultimately leading to a more comprehensive and personalized model of liver cancer treatment. Declarations Funding This study was supported by the Key R&D Support Plan of Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau (2021-YF05-00703-SN). Competing Interests All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Author Contributions Xiangyu Du and Anque Liao contributed to the conceptualization and design of the study, data analysis, and discussions. Xiangyu Du and Jia Li were responsible for data collection and manuscript writing. Ziping Ye provided expertise in statistics and contributed to refining the research design. Jiang Li finalized the research design, provided funding, critically revised the manuscript, and supervised the project. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Ethical approval and Consent to participate Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University under protocol number 2023-KY-0567-002. Experiments involving human participants were conducted according to the recommendations of the Board of Research and Ethics. Full informed consent was obtained from all participants and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 version). Data availability The datasets used and analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Consent to publish not applicable References McGlynn, K.A., J.L. Petrick, and H.B. El-Serag, Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2021. 73 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1). Organization, W.H. The Global Cancer Observatory . 2020 December，2020 [cited 2023; Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/11-Liver-fact-sheet.pdf. Siegel, R.L., et al., Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin, 2023. 73 (1): p. 17-48. Sung, H., et al., Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA: a Cancer Journal For Clinicians, 2021. 71 (3): p. 209-249. Zhang, C.-H., et al., Changing epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia. Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association For the Study of the Liver, 2022. 42 (9): p. 2029-2041. Luo, Z., et al., Influence of Demographic Factors on Long-Term Trends of Premature Mortality and Burden Due to Liver Cancer: Findings From a Population-Based Study in Shanghai, China, 1973-2019. Frontiers In Public Health, 2022. 10 : p. 808917. Guidelines of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(2022 edition). Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022. 16 (02): p. 81-96. Yeo, W., et al., Quality of life is predictive of survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society For Medical Oncology, 2006. 17 (7): p. 1083-1089. Bonnetain, F., et al., Quality of life as a prognostic factor of overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: results from two French clinical trials. Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 2008. 17 (6): p. 831-843. Diouf, M., et al., The added value of quality of life (QoL) for prognosis of overall survival in patients with palliative hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Hepatology, 2013. 58 (3): p. 509-521. Testa, M.A. and D.C. Simonson, Assessment of quality-of-life outcomes. The New England Journal of Medicine, 1996. 334 (13): p. 835-840. Balestroni, G. and G. Bertolotti, [EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D): an instrument for measuring quality of life]. Monaldi Archives For Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace, 2012. 78 (3): p. 155-159. EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 1990. 16 (3): p. 199-208. Ware, J.E. and C.D. Sherbourne, The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care, 1992. 30 (6): p. 473-483. Aaronson, N.K., et al., The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1993. 85 (5): p. 365-376. Cella, D.F., et al., The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale: development and validation of the general measure. Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 1993. 11 (3): p. 570-579. Blazeby, J.M., et al., Development of a questionnaire module to supplement the EORTC QLQ-C30 to assess quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, the EORTC QLQ-HCC18. European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 2004. 40 (16): p. 2439-2444. Heffernan, N., et al., Measuring health-related quality of life in patients with hepatobiliary cancers: the functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2002. 20 (9): p. 2229-2239. Brans, B., et al., Quality of life assessment in radionuclide therapy: a feasibility study of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire in palliative (131)I-lipiodol therapy. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2002. 29 (10): p. 1374-1379. Méndez Romero, A., et al., Quality of life after stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary and metastatic liver tumors. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 2008. 70 (5): p. 1447-1452. Fan, S.-Y., et al., Health-related quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: the mediation effects of illness perceptions and coping. Psycho-oncology, 2013. 22 (6): p. 1353-1360. Lei, J.Y., et al., Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Patients With Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatic Resection or Transplantation. Transplantation Proceedings, 2016. 48 (6): p. 2107-2111. Herdman, M., et al., Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 2011. 20 (10): p. 1727-1736. Thompson, A.J. and A.J. Turner, A Comparison of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L. PharmacoEconomics, 2020. 38 (6): p. 575-591. Husson, O., et al., The EORTC QLQ-C30 Summary Score as Prognostic Factor for Survival of Patients with Cancer in the "Real-World": Results from the Population-Based PROFILES Registry. The Oncologist, 2020. 25 (4): p. e722-e732. Luo, N., et al., Estimating an EQ-5D-5L Value Set for China. Value In Health : the Journal of the International Society For Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, 2017. 20 (4): p. 662-669. Kondo, Y., et al., Health-related quality of life of chronic liver disease patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2007. 22 (2): p. 197-203. Shun, S.-C., et al., Changes in quality of life and its related factors in liver cancer patients receiving stereotactic radiation therapy. Supportive Care In Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care In Cancer, 2008. 16 (9): p. 1059-1065. Ueno, S., et al., Quality of life after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: implication of change in hepatic protein synthesis. Hepato-gastroenterology, 2002. 49 (44): p. 492-496. Palmieri, V.O., et al., Psychopathological profile and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2015. 15 (1): p. 65-72. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4285100","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":294144394,"identity":"c157b350-f04f-4b7c-8064-b99db76bc2f7","order_by":0,"name":"Xiangyu Du","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiangyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Du","suffix":""},{"id":294144396,"identity":"33b6bd9e-49f5-4850-aca0-5d8da194fd72","order_by":1,"name":"Anque Liao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sichuan University, Sichuan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Anque","middleName":"","lastName":"Liao","suffix":""},{"id":294144398,"identity":"52cca1a6-2b2d-4dba-89ca-6dcdb2cbce0c","order_by":2,"name":"Jia Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jia","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":294144400,"identity":"2d303d3b-5ffa-44bb-91da-5bdc2bdcd5d0","order_by":3,"name":"Ziping Ye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Stanford University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ziping","middleName":"","lastName":"Ye","suffix":""},{"id":294144401,"identity":"0d9993bc-f2e5-41ec-8347-f545ddcfb9fa","order_by":4,"name":"Jiang Li","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACxmYQWSDBw8bM2HAgoUJCTp44LQYScvzszY0HHpyxMDZsIMouAwZjyZ7jzQcftlUkMhwgoJi5nfnZwy8GFokbbiQ2HEicJ5HA2MD88NENvA5jMzeWMZCAatkmkcfOwGZsnIPfL2bSEkhaihkbeNik8Wth/4akZY4EkCSohcdM8oOBBND7B4FaGojTUiYNCeRGYLwckzA2bCbgF8P+49skf1TUAaOS/fHHHzV1cvLszQ8f49XSAAxoHhQhZjzKQQCUPBh/EFA0CkbBKBgFIxwAABMeTiPZ/rhvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-18 04:54:48","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4285100/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4285100/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55515378,"identity":"43e8b929-51e2-482a-995e-84f9b50fa942","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-29 13:10:15","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":383487,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe epidemiology of liver cancer[2]\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4285100/v1/3755da0190f10d379aa6b3e8.png"},{"id":55514452,"identity":"d7bd2929-2ffd-423a-ad06-71586e786d44","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-29 13:02:15","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":292649,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe patient-reported scores on the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L for all enrolled liver cancer patients.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4285100/v1/3509cfca7f4884b42a3155f7.png"},{"id":55514451,"identity":"b7997403-0354-46a8-bcfb-6012700c62e9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-29 13:02:15","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":279154,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDistribution of item responses for the EQ-5D-5L\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4285100/v1/aad60b4ba4458fd4b332eb09.png"},{"id":69926685,"identity":"7207c39a-8afe-48d0-a43c-cccd6476b7c2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-26 16:31:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2221375,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4285100/v1/9d2741d1-2e02-4e12-b58d-661cec3081b0.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with liver cancer","fulltext":[{"header":"1 Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eLiver cancer, encompassing hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, ranks as the sixth most common cancer worldwide [1]. According to The Global Cancer Observatory, there were 905677 new cases of liver cancer in 2020 [2]. In the United States, the five-year survival rate for liver cancer is 21 percent, which is only higher than pancreatic cancer among all types of cancer(12%) [3]. The number of deaths from liver cancer in 2020 was 830,180, with over 72% occurring in the Asian region, which are shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e [2]. 45.3% of liver cancer cases, and 47.1% of liver cancer deaths occur in China[4]. The high prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections, coupled with high alcohol consumption and aflatoxin exposure, contribute significantly to the high incidence of liver cancer in China. Furthermore, an aging population and shifts in lifestyle and dietary habits are increasingly contributing to the development of liver cancer[5]. Efforts are being made to control the incidence of liver cancer in China, including hepatitis B vaccination, early detection, and treatment of liver diseases. However, with the health status of the aging population worsening in China, the burden due to premature mortality from liver cancer remains a challenge in the future[6].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAt present, the common treatment methods for liver cancer include hepatic resection, liver transplantation, ablation, radiotherapy, locoregional approach(radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, etc.), systemic therapy and other means[7]. Currently, surgical intervention is the only possible means to potentially cure liver cancer. However, due to the lack of symptoms in the early stages and the lack of surveillance for high-risk patients, the majority of patients are already in the intermediate or advanced stages of cancer at the time of diagnosis, resulting in missed opportunities for curative procedures such as hepatic resection and liver transplantation. Non-surgical treatments can prolong the survival time of patients and improve tumor-related symptoms. Considering the course of this disease and the burden of treatment, there is now an increasing focus on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in relation to liver cancer. In addition, some studies have suggested that baseline HRQoL at the time of diagnosis can be used as a predictor of overall survival in patients with advanced liver cancer [8\u0026ndash;10].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHRQoL refers to health in the physical, psychological, and social domains, influenced by personal experiences, beliefs, expectations, and perceptions [11]. Currently, the tools used for evaluating the quality of life (QoL) in general patients include EQ-5D[12, 13] and Short Form 36[14]. For cancer patients, there are also general QoL instruments, such as the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30)[15] and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General[16]. In addition to tumors within the liver, liver cancer patients typically experience accompanying symptoms related to underlying liver diseases. Therefore, liver cancer-specific HRQoL scales, like QLQ-HCC18[17] and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary[18], have been developed to assess the impact of liver diseases on patients' quality of life.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere have been some published articles on the HRQoL of liver cancer patients. However, possibly due to limitations in the number of questionnaire items, these studies only involve one or two QoL measurement tools and lack a cross-comparative analysis of these QoL measurement tools [19\u0026ndash;22]. We have opted to employ the most commonly used tool for measuring HRQoL in cancer survivors, the EORTC QLQ-C30, as well as one of the widely utilized generic quality of life assessment tools, the EQ-5D, to assess the HRQoL and its associated influencing factors in patients with liver cancer in China.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2 Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Study design and patient recruitment\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the QoL of 229 liver cancer patients who sought medical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2023 and July 2023. Inclusion criteria included age\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;18 years, a pathological diagnosis of liver cancer, and the ability of patients or their caregivers to communicate in Mandarin Chinese. Exclusion criteria included patients who declined participation, had limited understanding of the study questionnaire, had primary cancer other than liver cancer, or provided incomplete questionnaire responses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Instruments and measures\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe selected a set of generic and disease-specific instruments, such as EQ-5D-5L,EORTC QLQ-C30, and HCC18, to assess the QoL in patients with liver cancer, and these scales have obtained the necessary approvals from respective institutions. The specific descriptions of these QoL measurement tools are provided below.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eEQ-5D-5L\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEQ-5D-5L is a widely used generic questionnaire for assessing health status, comprising a brief descriptive system questionnaire and a visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). The descriptive system questionnaire of EQ-5D-5L evaluates health using five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension consists of five levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems/unable to perform[23, 24]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eEORTC QLQ-C30\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe EORTC QLQ-C30 was developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. The questionnaire comprises a set of 30 items that encompass five functional subscales (physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, role functioning, and cognitive functioning), nine symptom subscales and a global health status[15]. The response options for the functional subscales and symptom subscales encompassing \"not at all,\" \"a little,\" \"quite a bit,\" and \"very much.\" While patients rate the severity of the global health status on a scale from 1(very poor) to 7(excellent). In addition, the EORTC QLQ-C30 summary score has been found to have strong prognostic value for the overall survival of cancer patients. This means that a higher summary score is associated with better survival outcomes[25]. The broad applicability of the EORTC QLQ-C30 extends to diverse domains such as clinical research, treatment monitoring, and quality-of-life interventions for cancer patients. Through the utilization of this instrument, researchers and clinical practitioners can objectively assess patients' functional status and quality of life across various domains, thereby enhancing comprehension of disease burden and treatment outcomes [15].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Statistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe EQ-5D-5L index scores were computed using the Chinese value set[26]. Descriptive statistics were employed to report the differences in EQ-5D-5L index scores among subgroups defined by patients' demographic characteristics and clinical conditions. Univariate significance was examined using Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. All variables with P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 were included in the multivariate linear regression analysis to explore the relationships between demographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and quality of life scores. Descriptive statistics and corresponding tests were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 21, while the regression model was analyzed using R version 4.1.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Patients' characteristics and descriptive statistics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe conducted interviews with a total of 255 liver cancer patients who were hospitalized in the departments of hepato-biliary surgery, gastroenterology, and oncology. The interviews were conducted 7\u0026ndash;10 days after their discharge. Among these patients, 229 completed the HRQoL survey and were included in the study. The sociodemographic data of liver cancer patients included in the study, along with the clinical data that potentially affecting patients' quality of life, and their corresponding health-related quality of life scores, can be found in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e. From this table, it is evident that ECOG PS scores, Child-Pugh class stratification, and BCLC or CNLC-related tumor grading significantly impact the scores for the quality of life assessment with EQ-5D-5L and QLQ-C30. Moreover, our analysis revealed significant associations between patients' EQ-5D-5L-VAS scores and age, ALB levels, and the presence of hypertension. Similarly, living status, TBil and ALB levels exhibited discernible impacts on both the utility values derived from EQ-5D-5L and the QLQ-C30 summary scores. Interestingly, our findings suggest that liver cancer patients living alone report notably higher utility values and QLQ-C30 summary scores in comparison to those living with others, with corresponding p-values of 0.083 and 0.016, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHRQoL according to Characteristics of liver cancer patient (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;229)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"13\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMissing\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVAS \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emedian (IQR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEQ-5D-5L utility median (IQR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQLQ-C30 GHS/QoL median (IQR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQLQ-C30 Summary score \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emedian (IQR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge, yr\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (65.50, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.79, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.501\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.52 (74.02, 95.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.703\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u0026ndash;59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.04 (79.53, 94.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60\u0026ndash;69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (63.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.81, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.08 (73.37, 95.38)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (60.00, 85.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93 (0.78, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.87 (74.62, 96.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGender\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (69.00, 87.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.471\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.75, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.483\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (54.17, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.984\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.54 (68.12, 91.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e191\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (68.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.23 (77.09, 95.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEducation\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary school or less\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (61.25, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.78, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 75.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.93 (73.61, 95.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary school\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.89 (78.16, 95.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh school\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (62.50, 82.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.93 (72.84, 95.24)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCollege or more\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.50 (73.75, 92.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.88, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.33 (66.67, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.16 (78.70, 94.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLiving status\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiving alone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (80.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.272\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (1.00, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.281\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.21 (91.28, 98.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiving with spouse\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.93 (78.97, 95.26)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiving with others\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (60.00, 85.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89 (0.78, 0.97)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.87 (71.00, 92.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSmoking\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSmoker\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.86, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.634\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.729\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.57 (77.05, 95.16)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.316\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-smoker\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (65.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.78, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86.45 (74.66, 94.87)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAlcohol\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrinker\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.049\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.89, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.527\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.538\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.74 (79.53, 95.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-drinker\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (60.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.80, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.87 (73.93, 94.79)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eECOG\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90.00 (80.00, 100.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.94, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.33 (66.67, 100.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.64 (90.94, 99.15)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e117\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.89, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.66 (82.22, 94.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.00 (52.50, 80.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.81 (0.60, 0.92)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.00 (50.00, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.93 (66.73, 81.88)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (55.00, 77.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.69 (0.42, 0.78)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.94 (63.03, 75.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.00 (20.00, 55.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.06 (-0.35, -0.01)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.33 (8.33, 50.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.79 (35.36, 50.85)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChild-Pugh class\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.74 (80.92, 95.64)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (63.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.75, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.85 (71.45, 91.47)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.00 (25.00, 70.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.01 (-0.07, 0.23)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.00 (25.00, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.44 (43.63, 60.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAFP, mg/mL\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (67.50, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.603\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.646\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.490\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.93 (79.91, 95.53)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.283\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u0026ndash;200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (68.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.82, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.56 (73.33, 95.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.91 (74.32, 92.05)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eALT, U/L\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e167\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.469\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.82, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.447\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.436\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.85 (74.98, 95.29)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.641\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u0026ndash;120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (63.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.86, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.38 (79.91, 93.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (50.00, 85.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.76, 0.98)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58.33 (50.00, 75.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90.77 (73.12, 94.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTbil, \u0026micro;mol/L\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e211\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.052\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.033\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.93 (79.23, 95.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u0026ndash;51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.50 (57.50, 92.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.69, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79.17 (54.17, 100.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.71 (76.42, 95.64)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (50.00, 80.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.73 (0.12, 0.89)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (41.67, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71.58 (53.80, 76.92)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eALB, g/L\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.046\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.067\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90.06 (81.71, 96.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (65.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.75, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.22 (71.71, 91.73)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (50.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86 (0.12, 0.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 75.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.59 (53.80, 91.28)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAscites\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (65.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.740\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.80, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.274\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.203\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.85 (73.89, 92.74)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.068\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (69.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.15 (79.72, 96.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCirrhosis\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e126\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (68.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.391\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.82, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.48 (74.66, 94.97)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (66.50, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.63 (77.20, 96.11)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExtrahepatic metastasis\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (62.50, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.096\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.95 (72.61, 95.34)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.562\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e139\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.89 (76.92, 95.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePVTT\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.503\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.80, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.713\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.87 (72.98, 91.65)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (65.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.87, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.70 (79.04, 96.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComorbidity\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiabetes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (60.00, 85.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.76, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.107\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.76 (71.93, 94.07)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.126\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo diabetes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.15 (76.92, 95.56)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypertension\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.00 (60.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93 (0.78, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 79.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.85 (73.12, 93.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.248\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo hypertension\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.89 (76.54, 95.30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatitis\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.175\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.839\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.19 (76.74, 94.88)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.728\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo hepatitis\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.00 (63.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.92 (0.78, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.56 (72.61, 96.79)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of comorbidities\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 97.25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.535\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.91, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (66.67, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.431\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.17 (82.19, 99.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.84, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.91 (76.97, 95.07)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (60.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.79, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.21 (74.38, 94.36)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.76, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.91 (68.06, 93.84)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBCLC stage\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90.00 (80.00, 98.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.91, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.33 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.31 (83.42, 97.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (68.50, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.94, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.83 (66.67, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.92 (84.03, 95.93)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.15 (79.53, 95.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.00 (40.00, 70.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16 (-0.02, 0.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.00 (33.33, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.35 (47.35, 66.19)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCNLC stage\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅠ-Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.00 (75.00, 95.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.91, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.00 (58.33, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.45 (82.31, 96.58)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e113\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.86, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.57 (80.61, 95.07)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.00 (40.00, 70.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16 (-0.02, 0.65)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.00 (33.33, 66.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.26 (47.91, 66.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDuration of diagnosis, yr\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (67.25, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.826\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.82, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.61 (73.79, 94.72)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.558\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (68.75, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.85, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.00 (50.00, 87.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90.28 (74.66, 96.62)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.50 (66.25, 87.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.94, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 81.25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.49 (80.61, 96.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTreatment taken\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNone (follow-up)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (66.00, 95.75)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.371\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.88, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.972\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.87 (81.76, 96.79)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAblation or with systemic therapies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.83 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.33 (78.76, 97.34)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSystemic therapies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e153\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.00 (70.00, 90.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.83, 1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 83.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.38 (74.83, 94.83)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePalliative\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.00 (61.25, 87.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.83 (0.07, 0.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.67 (50.00, 79.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71.52 (52.78, 89.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Health-related quality of life of the whole sample\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, we present the scores obtained from liver cancer patients enrolled in our study using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L scales. It is important to acknowledge that our dataset exhibited a skewed distribution, likely due to the relatively modest sample size (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;299). Nonetheless, to facilitate cross-study comparisons, we provide both the median (IQR) and mean (SD) scores for each scale item. As is commonly accepted, higher scores on the functional scales within the EORTC QLQ-C30 signify a more favorable functional status, whereas elevated scores on symptom-related items indicate a heightened level of symptoms or associated challenges. Consequently, as illustrated in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, the median scores on the functional scales, presented with interquartile ranges (IQR), are arranged in descending order: role (100.00, IQR: 66.67\u0026ndash;100.00), emotional (91.67, IQR: 75.00-100.00), physical (86.67, IQR: 66.67\u0026ndash;93.33), cognitive (83.33, IQR: 83.33\u0026ndash;100.00), and social functioning (83.33, IQR: 50.00-100.00). Notably, among the symptom-related items, financial difficulties (33.33, IQR: 33.33\u0026ndash;66.67) and fatigue (22.22, IQR: 0-44.44) emerged as relatively more prevalent or severe symptoms compared to others. For the EORTC QLQ-C30 scale, the median score for global health status, accompanied by the interquartile range (IQR), is 66.67 (IQR: 50.00-83.33). The EQ-5D-5L-VAS score registered at 80 (68\u0026ndash;90), accompanied by a mean (SD) EQ-5D-5L score of 0.83 (0.29) and a median (IQR) of 0.94 (0.83,1). The distribution of item responses for the EQ-5D-5L is illustrated in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. At least half of the patients experienced slight to extreme levels of pain/discomfort (51%), followed by higher occurrences of anxiety/depression (35%) and usual activities (31%).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3 Influencing factors of HRQoL in liver cancer patients in multivariable analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs shown in Table \u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, the multivariate model indicated that ECOG PS, CNLC stage had significant associations with EQ-5D-5L-VAS. Compared with patients with an ECOG PS of 0, patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -7.135, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.002) and 2\u0026ndash;4 (β = -20.784, P \u0026lt; 0.001) were more likely to have lower score of EQ-5D-5L-VAS. Patients with CNLC stage Ⅲ (β = -3.956, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.045) and stage Ⅳ (β = -13.241, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001) had negative association with EQ-5D-5L-VAS. The multiple linear regression model of EQ-5D-5L utility showed that patients with ECOG PS of 2\u0026ndash;4 had negative effect on utility score (β = -0.203, P \u0026lt; 0.001). That means, compared with patients in CNLC stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ, patients in stage Ⅳ(β = -0.493, P \u0026lt; 0.001) were more likely to have poorer QoL.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultiple linear regression analysis showed that ECOG PS and CNLC stage were significantly correlated with QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL. Patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -11.087, P \u0026lt; 0.001) and 2\u0026ndash;4 (β = -21.235, P \u0026lt; 0.001) had worse QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL than those with ECOG PS of 0. When taken CNLC stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ as a reference, patients in CNLC stage Ⅲ (β = -6.635, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.012) and stage Ⅳ (β = -14.668, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004) were more likely to have negative effect on QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL. For QLQ-C30 summary score, the multivariate model indicated that ECOG PS, Child-pugh, BCLC and CNLC stage were significantly related to HRQoL. Compared with patients with ECOG PS 0, patients with ECOG PS of 1 (β = -7.022, P \u0026lt; 0.001) and 2\u0026ndash;4 (β = -20.172, P \u0026lt; 0.001) had lower QLQ-C30 summary score. Child-pugh B/C patients had lower QLQ-C30 summary score (β = -4.105, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.016) than patients with Child-pugh A status. In addition, patients in BCLC stage C/D showed a worse performs (β = -8.546, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.020) in QLQ-C30 summary score when compared with stage A/B. Taking the QLQ-C30 summary score of patients in CNLC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱas a reference, the score of patients in CNLC stage Ⅳ was lower (β = -8.821, P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.038), while there is no significant difference between stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHRQoL according to Characteristics of liver cancer patients\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003et\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"8\" rowspan=\"9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEQ-5D-5L -VAS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(R\u003c/b\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cb\u003e2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e \u003cb\u003e0.371)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eECOG PS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-7.135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.163\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.189\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-20.784\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.229\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-6.437\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTBil\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.032\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.449\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.149\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNLC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅠ-Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.956\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.967\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.045*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-13.241\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.984\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.323\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"10\" rowspan=\"11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEQ-5D-5L utility\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(R\u003c/b\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cb\u003e2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e \u003cb\u003e0.619)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eECOG PS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.037\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.029\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.263\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.208\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.203\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4.884\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChild-pugh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB/C\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.053\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.031\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.731\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.085\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNLC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅠ-Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.017\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.670\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.503\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.493\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-9.683\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"11\" rowspan=\"12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQLQ-C30 Global health status\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(R\u003c/b\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cb\u003e2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e \u003cb\u003e0.259)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEducation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary school and below\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eJunior high school\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.504\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.916\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.516\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.607\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSenior high school and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.054\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.272\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eECOG PS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-11.087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.957\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.750\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-21.235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.340\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4.893\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNLC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅠ-Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-6.635\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.620\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.532\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-14.668\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.085\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.885\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"13\" rowspan=\"14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eQLQ-C30 Summary score\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(R\u003c/b\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cb\u003e2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e \u003cb\u003e0.5964)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eECOG PS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-7.022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.598\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4.395\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026ndash;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-20.172\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.299\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-8.772\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChild-pugh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB/C\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4.105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.690\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.429\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBCLC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA/B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC/D\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-8.546\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.638\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.349\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCNLC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅠ-Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.733\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.582\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.880\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-8.821\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.038\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eQuality of life is increasingly recognized as a crucial indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of health interventions, especially in the context of incurable diseases. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 229 liver cancer patients, revealing that the median (IQR) score for EQ-5D-5L VAS was 80 (68\u0026ndash;90), the median (IQR) score for EQ-5D-5L utility was 0.94 (0.83, 1), the median (IQR) score for EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL was 66.67 (50.00, 83.33), and the median (IQR) score for QLQ-C30 summary score was 66.67 (50.00, 83.33). Continuing with our analysis, we utilized the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test and identified that ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, BCLC stage, and CNLC stage all exerted significant influences on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, as well as EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score. Furthermore, different age groups, patients' educational levels, alcohol consumption, ALB levels, and the presence of hypertension were found to have a significant impact on EQ-5D-5L VAS scores. Living status, TBil levels, and ALB levels exhibited a significant influence on EQ-5D-5L utility scores. TBil levels and the presence of extrahepatic metastasis were identified as significantly affecting QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL scores. Living status, TBil levels, ALB levels, PVTT, and the type of treatment taken demonstrated a significant impact on QLQ-C30 summary scores. However, the time of tumor diagnosis, ascites severity, and different treatment modalities did not show a significant difference in their impact on patients\u0026rsquo; QoL. Subsequently, in our multiple linear regression analysis of variables significantly affecting these QoL indicators, we discovered that ECOG PS and CNLC stage had a significant impact on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score. Additionally, Child-Pugh class and BCLC staging were identified as having a significant influence on QLQ-C30 summary scores.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn contrast to the studies conducted by Yuji Kondo, Shiow-Ching Shun, and others, our multivariate correlation analysis revealed that different ALB levels did not have a statistically significant impact on patients\u0026rsquo; quality of life. This discrepancy could be attributed to the relatively smaller sample size[27], differences in the scales used to measure patients\u0026rsquo; quality of life[27], or inconsistencies in statistical methods[28]. In addition, unlike the findings of Shinichi Ueno et al.[29], our study excluded the correlation between HRQoL and serum cholinesterase. This result may be attributed to the different baseline characteristics of the patients included in the two studies. The sample included in Shinichi Ueno et al.'s study was 96 liver cancer patients who underwent liver resection for 1\u0026ndash;5 years.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere are a few limitations in this study. The psychopathological characteristics of liver cancer patients and their cognitive of the disease are also related to HRQoL [21, 30]. While this study evaluated the correlation between HRQoL and sociodemographic characteristics as well as clinical indicators, it did not include a specialized clinical psychiatric assessment scale to evaluate the correlation between patients\u0026rsquo; mental state and QoL. In addition, the included patients are inpatients from provincial-level tertiary hospitals, and there may be a certain degree of deviation in the severity of the disease and economic level of the patients.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResearch on the EOTRC QLC-10D value set for Hong Kong, China, has been published [31], and similar research for residents in the Chinese Mainland is nearing completion. In future research, we can use local data to compare the difference in utility values of liver cancer patients under the universal and disease specific value sets and optimize health economic assessment.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, our study illuminates the intricate determinants of HRQoL among Chinese liver cancer patients, underscoring the critical roles played by ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, and cancer staging. Going beyond mere academic contributions, our findings hold significant implications for both clinical practice and policy formulation. These identified factors should serve as guiding principles for comprehensive patient care, emphasizing the importance of early interventions and tailored support, particularly for those in advanced stages of the disease. Meanwhile, this study also points out the main factors affecting patient's quality of life in the process of liver cancer treatment. With the advancement of medical concepts, we should not only focus on the objective efficacy of the disease, but also take the subjective efficacy of the patients into consideration at the same time, so as to try our best to improve the quality of life of patients with liver cancer, especially those in advanced stages. As we look to the future, the integration of specialized clinical psychiatric assessments and the incorporation of local data can refine our understanding of mental health's impact on HRQoL. Future research should prioritize addressing the psychopathological characteristics, cognitive aspects, and socioeconomic factors that influence HRQoL, ultimately leading to a more comprehensive and personalized model of liver cancer treatment.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThis study was supported by the Key R\u0026amp;D Support Plan of Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau (2021-YF05-00703-SN).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting Interests\u0026nbsp;All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor Contributions\u0026nbsp;Xiangyu Du and Anque Liao contributed to the conceptualization and design of the study, data analysis, and discussions. Xiangyu Du and Jia Li were responsible for data collection and manuscript writing. Ziping Ye provided expertise in statistics and contributed to refining the research design. Jiang Li finalized the research design, provided funding, critically revised the manuscript, and supervised the project. All authors reviewed the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthical approval and Consent to participate\u0026nbsp;Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University under protocol number 2023-KY-0567-002. Experiments involving human participants were conducted according to the recommendations of the Board of Research and Ethics. Full informed consent was obtained from all participants and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 version).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData availability\u0026nbsp;The datasets used and analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsent to publish not applicable\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcGlynn, K.A., J.L. Petrick, and H.B. 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Conceptual framework and item selection.\u003c/em\u003e Medical Care, 1992. \u003cstrong\u003e30\u003c/strong\u003e(6): p. 473-483.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAaronson, N.K., et al., \u003cem\u003eThe European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology.\u003c/em\u003e Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1993. \u003cstrong\u003e85\u003c/strong\u003e(5): p. 365-376.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCella, D.F., et al., \u003cem\u003eThe Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale: development and validation of the general measure.\u003c/em\u003e Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 1993. \u003cstrong\u003e11\u003c/strong\u003e(3): p. 570-579.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlazeby, J.M., et al., \u003cem\u003eDevelopment of a questionnaire module to supplement the EORTC QLQ-C30 to assess quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, the EORTC QLQ-HCC18.\u003c/em\u003e European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 2004. \u003cstrong\u003e40\u003c/strong\u003e(16): p. 2439-2444.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHeffernan, N., et al., \u003cem\u003eMeasuring health-related quality of life in patients with hepatobiliary cancers: the functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary questionnaire.\u003c/em\u003e Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2002. \u003cstrong\u003e20\u003c/strong\u003e(9): p. 2229-2239.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrans, B., et al., \u003cem\u003eQuality of life assessment in radionuclide therapy: a feasibility study of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire in palliative (131)I-lipiodol therapy.\u003c/em\u003e European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2002. \u003cstrong\u003e29\u003c/strong\u003e(10): p. 1374-1379.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eM\u0026eacute;ndez Romero, A., et al., \u003cem\u003eQuality of life after stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary and metastatic liver tumors.\u003c/em\u003e International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 2008. \u003cstrong\u003e70\u003c/strong\u003e(5): p. 1447-1452.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFan, S.-Y., et al., \u003cem\u003eHealth-related quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: the mediation effects of illness perceptions and coping.\u003c/em\u003e Psycho-oncology, 2013. \u003cstrong\u003e22\u003c/strong\u003e(6): p. 1353-1360.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLei, J.Y., et al., \u003cem\u003eHealth-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Patients With Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatic Resection or Transplantation.\u003c/em\u003e Transplantation Proceedings, 2016. \u003cstrong\u003e48\u003c/strong\u003e(6): p. 2107-2111.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHerdman, M., et al., \u003cem\u003eDevelopment and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L).\u003c/em\u003e Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 2011. \u003cstrong\u003e20\u003c/strong\u003e(10): p. 1727-1736.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThompson, A.J. and A.J. 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The research considers socio-demographic and clinical determinants and incorporates generic (EQ-5D-5L) and disease-specific (EORTC QLQ-C30) instruments for a more nuanced analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study involved 229 liver cancer patients treated at two prominent Chinese hospitals from February to July 2023. The study utilized generic instruments EQ-5D-5L and the disease-specific HCC18 tool for QoL assessment. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and multivariate linear regression.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors such as ECOG PS, Child-Pugh class, BCLC, and CNLC stages significantly impacted HRQoL scores. Age, education, alcohol consumption, ALB levels, and hypertension influenced EQ-5D-5L VAS scores. Living status, TBil levels, ALB levels, PVTT, and treatment type affected EQ-5D-5L utility and QLQ-C30 summary scores. Notably, living alone correlated with higher utility values. Multivariate analysis revealed consistent influences of ECOG PS and CNLC stage on EQ-5D-5L VAS, utility, EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL, and summary score.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study provides a comprehensive evaluation of HRQoL in Chinese liver cancer patients, integrating generic and disease-specific instruments. ECOG PS and CNLC stage emerged as crucial determinants of HRQoL. The findings underscore the importance of tailored interventions to enhance HRQoL in this population. Future research can explore variations in utility values under different sets and optimize health economic assessments.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with liver cancer","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-29 13:02:10","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4285100/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0f832d2f-538c-4aef-a936-36cce60e01bd","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 29th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-11-26T16:23:33+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-29 13:02:10","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4285100","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4285100","identity":"rs-4285100","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}