Uptake of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda

Uptake of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Uptake of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda Joana Nakiggala, Mathias Lwenge, Doreen Nakalembe, Bridget Nagawa Tamale, and 7 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Hepatitis B is a significant health problem worldwide, particularly among high-risk groups such as female sex workers (FSWs). In Uganda, it is highly recommended that FSWs receive the hepatitis B vaccine. However, there is limited evidence of the level of uptake of the vaccine and associated factors among FSWs in Uganda. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs in Kampala, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study design among 400 female sex workers enrolled using multistage sampling techniques was conducted. Data were collected using a digitized semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were used to present continuous data while frequency and portions were used to present categorical data. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was conducted to establish the relationship between predictor variables and uptake of hepatitis B vaccination. Results A total of 400 respondents (98.5% response rate) were interviewed. Close to half, 49.8% (199/400) of the respondents had ever heard about hepatitis B, and 16.5% had received at least a hepatitis B vaccine dose. The individual factors associated were spending more than 4 years in sex work (APR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.010), being screened for hepatitis B (APR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.38–1.61, p < 0.001), and those whose job (sex work) allowed them to get time to seek HBV services, (APR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04–1.22, p = 0.002). The health system were having hepatitis B outreaches in the place of residence (APR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.03–1.33, p = 0.010) and ever receiving information related to hepatitis B from peers (APR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05–1.31, p = 0.004). Conclusion The study revealed a low hepatitis B vaccination uptake among FSWs, with less than a tenth having completed the recommended three vaccine doses. These results suggest the need for targeted health initiatives that leverage peer-driven system and enhance outreach programs to improve hepatitis B vaccine uptake and overall health outcomes within this population. Hepatitis B Vaccine Female Sex Workers Kampala Uganda Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Background Hepatitis B remains a major global health problem ( 1 ). The WHO estimates that 254 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B infection, leading to about 1.1 million deaths in 2022 worldwide ( 1 ). The WHO African Region has the second highest burden of hepatitis B globally, with 65 million people affected ( 1 ). In Uganda, hepatitis B is endemic with a decline in prevalence rates from 10% in 2005 to 4.3% in 2018 (5.6% among men and 3.1% among women) ( 2 , 3 ). The in-country distribution of the virus varies by region, with the highest prevalence in the mid-north at 4.6%, and the lowest in the south-western region at 0.8% ( 2 , 4 ). Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver, causing both acute and chronic disease ( 1 ). If left untreated, chronic hepatitis B may progress to liver damage, liver failure, liver cancer, and even death ( 5 ). Due to its often asymptomatic nature, individuals infected with hepatitis B may remain undiagnosed until these severe liver complications emerge. High-risk groups such as female sex workers (FSWs) are particularly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to the nature of their work ( 6 – 8 ). Their professional activities often involve high-risk behaviors such as engaging in unprotected sex, having multiple sexual partners, and participating in anal intercourse ( 6 – 8 ). These practices significantly increase the risk of exposure to HBV ( 1 ). Additionally, the use of drugs and other substances among some FSWs can further exacerbate risky behaviors and impair decision-making ( 9 , 10 ). In response to this elevated risk, hepatitis B vaccination is strongly recommended for FSWs in Uganda and other regions( 1 ). The World Health Organization (WHO) has established robust frameworks aimed at ending significant public health threats including hepatitis B under its Global health sector strategies (GHSSs) by the target year of 2030. Recognizing the increased vulnerability of high-risk groups such as FSWs, the GHSSs emphasize scaling up prevention, testing, and treatment services for viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B ( 1 , 11 ). The Ministry of Health (MOH) of Uganda has made significant strides, particularly through the mandatory testing of all adolescents and adults born before 2002, vaccination for those who test negative, and linking those who test positive to further evaluation, treatment, and monitoring ( 12 ). Additional efforts include the integration of the HBV vaccine into its Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 2002 ( 14 ). The vaccine is administered to infants at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks ( 3 , 13 ). This schedule, however, means that Ugandan adults born before 2002 did not receive the vaccine as infants and thus have a higher risk of HBV infection, as they were not covered by the early immunization program ( 14 ). Regardless, the MOH also actively promotes the vaccination of high-risk groups such as FSWs, to curb the spread of HBV and protect these vulnerable populations ( 13 ). However, available evidence indicates that FSWs have limited access to healthcare services possibly hindering vaccine uptake ( 15 , 16 ). That notwithstanding, there is limited evidence of level of uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine and associated factors among FSWs Uganda. Understanding the predictors of hepatitis B vaccine uptake among FSWs to inform the design of effective strategies that enhance vaccine acceptance and coverage within this high-risk group, and ultimately contribute to eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. This study used the Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization to establish the factors associated with the uptake of the Hepatitis B vaccine among FSWs. Evidence generated can be used to inform policy and a benchmark for future studies. Materials and methods Study design and setting A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Kampala City. Kampala is the capital and central administrative center of Uganda made up of five divisions including the Central, Kawempe, Makindye, Nakawa, and Rubaga divisions. It has an estimated population of about 1,500,000 people with a significant proportion (60%) residing in informal settlements ( 17 , 18 ), and a significant number of commercial sex spots ( 19 ). The city has a total of 1,458 Healthcare facilities, of which 585 are Health Center II, 48 are Health Center III, 13 are Health Center IV, 22 Hospitals, and 781 Clinics ( 20 ). In 2021, the MOH in Uganda launched Phase 4 of its Hepatitis B control initiatives, targeting 31 districts, including Kampala. Within the Kampala district, the distribution of health facilities offering hepatitis B prevention services is as follows: Kawempe features 22 centers, the Central division has 17, Nakawa is equipped with 21, Makindye has 17, and Rubaga has 11 ( 12 ). Regarding treatment centers for those who test positive for Hepatitis B in Kampala, the distribution is as follows: The Central division has two facilities, Kisenyi HC IV and Makerere University Hospital. Makindye division also has two centers, Kisugu HC III and Kiruddu NRH. In Nakawa, there are four treatment locations: Naguru RRH, Murchison Bay Hospital, Butabika NRH, and Kiswa HC III. Kawempe division offers four centers as well: Komamboga HC III, Kawempe NRH, Mulago Ward 5 and 6, and the Mulago Specialized Women and Neonatal Hospital. Lastly, Rubaga division has two facilities, Kawala HC III and Kitebi HC III ( 12 ). Theoretical framework This study utilized the Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization to establish the factors associated with the uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among female sex workers (Fig. 1 ). The Andersen model of health care utilization has been applied in previous studies to explore facilitators and barriers to health service utilization ( 1 – 3 ). The Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization is a conceptual model aimed at demonstrating the factors that either facilitate or impede the utilization of healthcare services ( 4 ). These factors are classified as; predisposing factors (e.g. education, occupation, ethnicity, social networks, social interactions, and culture), enabling factors (such as the logistical aspects of obtaining care), and the perceived need among the population at risk ( 4 ). Understanding these factors is critical to generating data for informing interventions targeted at improving the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services among FSWs. Study population, eligibility, and sample size estimation The study population included female sex workers aged 18 years and older who reside or work in two selected divisions (Makindye and Kawempe). Those who had lived or worked in the area for less than six months and those who failed to consent to participate in the study were excluded. We used the Kish Leslie formula for cross-sectional studies, considering an estimated prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs at 50% (due to limited literature), a 95% confidence interval (1.96), precision of 5%, and a non-response rate of 5%, a minimum sample size of 406 was yielded. A 5% non-response rate was factored into the study to account for the potential fear of disclosure among the study population and to ensure that the sample remains representative of the broader community ( 21 ). Sampling Procedure A multistage sampling technique was employed for the selection of the study respondents. In the first stage , Makindye and Kawempe divisions were purposively selected from the 5 divisions due to their high volumes of FSWs ( 22 , 23 ). The second stage involved the random selection of 5 brothels per division from a list obtained from the respective leadership. The third stage involved obtaining a list of FSWs from the respective brothel managers. Thereafter, we employed simple random sampling to select the study participants, using a Microsoft Excel randomizer. Study variables Independent variables These included individual factors age, marital status, religion, highest level of education completed, other occupation, years lived in the area, years spent in the sex work, ways of getting sex clients, perceived social status, current uses a psychoactive substance, and psychoactive substances and drug use. The health system factors included the type of healthcare facility you typically visit for medical services, including vaccinations; friendliness and approachability of the staff; level of satisfaction with the services; availability of health education on various conditions, including hepatitis B; waiting times; presence of health outreach programs; distance traveled to access healthcare facility; typical mode of transportation; and availability of educational materials on hepatitis B. Other factors included hepatitis B risk perception and knowledge of hepatitis B. Dependent variable The dependent variable in this study was the uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among FSWs, measured as the percentage who had received at least one dose of the vaccine at any point. This data was collected through self-reported vaccination status from the respondents. Data collection procedures, tools, and analysis A digitalized semi-structured questionnaire was administered to respondents through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire was developed based on available literature on Hepatitis B vaccine uptake ( 24 , 25 ) and translated to the Luganda version. It was divided into Individual factors, Health system factors, and Uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination. Data uploaded from the Kobo collect server was entered in Microsoft Excel for cleaning and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) statistical software version 22. Descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were used to present continuous data, while frequency and portions were used to present categorical data. The Chi-squared Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables with cells containing a frequency of less than five. The level of statistical significance was set p-value ≤ 0.05 to avoid dropping important variables that might be associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was used to establish factors associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs. At bivariate analysis, variables with a p-value ≤ 0.05 were selected for inclusion in the final model. In multivariable analysis, only variables with a p-value ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Quality control and Assurance Research assistants with 2 years of experience in scientific studies were recruited and trained for 5 days on the study protocol and ethical guidelines for research studies. The study tools were pretested in the central division to enable research assistants to familiarize themselves with the tool. During the data collection, close supervision was conducted and field debriefs were done to ensure quality and address any discrepancies that arose during the field work. In the digital tool, must entries, skips, and check questions were included to prevent missing and wrong data. Results Social demographics A total of 400 respondents were interviewed, representing a response rate of 98.5%. Of these, 50.3% (201/400) were aged between 25 and 35 years, 58.8% (235/400) were divorced, 45.5% (182/400) were Roman Catholics, 45.8% (183/400) had completed primary as their highest level of education and 38.5% (154/400) had some other sources of income other than sex work. About 66.3% (265/400) of the respondents had lived in the area for more than 5 years and 44.0% (176/400) had spent more than 4 years in the sex work business. About 65.8% (263/400) of the respondents mentioned that their clients were mainly street-based and 77.0% (308/400) had a low perceived social status (Table 1 ). Table 1 Social demographic characteristics of the respondents Variable Attribute Frequency (N = 400) Percentage (%) Age category (years) 18–24 89 22.3 25–35 201 50.3 35 years and above 110 27.5 Marital status Divorced/Separated 235 58.8 Married/cohabiting 38 9.5 Unmarried 114 28.5 Widow 13 3.3 Religion Anglican 109 27.3 Moslem 70 17.5 No religion 5 1.3 Pentecost/Born-again 29 7.3 Roman Catholic 182 45.5 SDA 5 1.3 Highest level of education completed No formal education 110 27.5 Primary 183 45.8 Secondary 100 25.0 Tertiary 7 1.8 Has some other source of income other than sex work No 246 61.5 Yes 154 38.5 Any other occupation (n = 154) Bar attendant 34 22.1 Business-woman 39 25.3 Casual laborer 47 30.5 Drug seller 5 3.2 Salon Business 17 11.0 Selling fast foods 12 7.8 Years lived in the area 0–5 years 135 33.8 5 years and above 265 66.3 Years spent in sex work 0–4 years 224 56.0 4 years and above 176 44.0 Ways of getting sex clients* Online 3 0.8 Street-based 263 65.8 Home-based 128 32.0 Phone-based 126 31.5 Bar-based 22 5.5 Perceived social status Low 308 77.0 Middle 88 22.0 High 4 1.0 Currently uses a psychoactive substance No 75 19.0 Yes 324 81.0 Psychoactive substances currently used by the respondent Khat 62 19.1 Alcohol 303 93.2 Marijuana (Cannabis) 41 12.6 Aviation fuel 2 0.6 E-cigarettes (shisha) 49 15.1 Kuba (Oral tobacco) 53 16.3 Injecting drug user No 395 98.7 Yes 5 1.3 Multiple response* Respondent’s expenditure On average, clients paid UGX 7347.50 (SD ± 7156.89) for “short” and 20352.50 (SD±) for “long”. On average the respondents spent UGX14156.50 (SD ± 478.62) per day. The median amount of money clients paid for “short” and “long” was UGX 5000 (IQR = 5000,7375) and UGX 15000 (IQR = 10000, 25000) respectively. The median amount of money the respondent spent per day was UGX10000 (IQR = 10000, 18000). The maximum amount of money clients paid for “short” and “long” were UGX 100000 and UGX 200000 respectively. The maximum amount of money a respondent spent in a day was UGX 70000 (Table 2 ). Table 2 Respondent’s daily expenditure and on clients Measures of central tendency and dispersion Amount (UGX) of money the client pays for “short” Amount (UGX) of money the client pays for “long” Daily expenditure (UGX) Mean 7347.5 20352.5 14156.5 Median 5000 15000 10000 Mode 5000 10000 10000 Std. Deviation 7156.888 18923.358 9572.391 Variance 51221046 358093477 91630663 Minimum 0 0 0 Maximum 100000 200000 70000 IQR 25 5000 10000 10000 75 7375 25000 18000 IQR = Interquartile Range Hepatitis B vaccination Close to half, 49.8% (199/400) of the respondents had ever heard about hepatitis B. The sources of information on hepatitis B were family and friends for 27.6% (55/199), healthcare facilities for 61.3% (122/199), media for 10.0% (20/166), and school for 1.0% (2/199). About 21.3% (85/400) had ever been screened for hepatitis B, and 38.5% (154/400) knew that all hepatitis B-infected people presented signs/symptoms. About 57.8% (105/199) thought that they were at risk of getting hepatitis B infection. Of those who were at risk of getting hepatitis B, 45.7% (48/105) mentioned that they were at a high risk, 16.2% (17/105) were at a low risk and 38.1% (40/105) mentioned that they were at a moderate risk. About 41.5% (166/400) of the respondents mentioned that the nature of their job allowed them to get time to seek HBV services and 4.5% (18/400) had ever been diagnosed with hepatitis B (Table 3 ). Table 3 Awareness, Risk perception, and uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda Variable Attribute Frequency (N = 400) Percentage (%) Ever heard about Hepatitis B No 201 50.3 Yes 199 49.8 Sources of information about hepatitis B (n = 199) Friends and family 55 27.6 Health Centre 79 39.7 Hospital 43 21.6 Media 20 10.1 School 2 1.0 Has ever been screened for Hepatitis B No 315 78.8 Yes 85 21.3 All hepatitis B-infected people present with signs/symptoms Know 154 38.5 Don’t know 246 61.5 Thinks that you are at risk of getting hepatitis B infection No 295 73.8 Yes 105 26.3 The extent to which you are at risk (n = 105) High extent 48 45.7 Low extent 17 16.2 Moderate extent 40 38.1 The groups at risk of contracting hepatitis B (n = 105) Female sex workers 69 65.7 Injecting drug users 7 6.7 Long truck drivers 1 1.0 Waste handlers 1 1.0 I don’t know 26 24.8 People who tattoo themselves 1 1.0 Others (Specify) 6 5.7 The nature of your job allows you to get time to seek HBV services No 234 58.5 Yes 166 41.5 Has ever been diagnosed with Hepatitis B No 382 95.5 Yes 18 4.5 Has ever received the hepatitis B vaccine No 334 83.5 Yes 66 16.5 The number of vaccine doses received 0 doses 334 83.5 1 dose 21 5.3 2 doses 23 5.8 3 or more doses 22 5.5 The period when you received the last dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine (n = 66) 1–3 months ago 4 6.1 4–6 months ago 3 4.5 Less than one month ago 1 1.5 More than 6 months ago 58 87.9 Knows the recommended full dose of hepatitis B vaccine 3 or more doses 30 7.5 I don’t know 370 92.5 The period a full dose takes to protect someone 20 years and more 5 1.3 I don’t know 395 98.8 Effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination in protecting someone against its infection (n = 66) I don’t know 17 25.8 Slightly effective 11 16.7 Very effective 38 57.5 Knowledge of hepatitis B transmission About 7.0% (14/199) knew that it was transmitted through blood and blood products, 1.5% (3/199) knew that it was through sharps and needles, 22.1% (44/199) knew that it was through unprotected virginal and anal sexual intercourse, 0.5% (1/199) knew that it was through mother-to-child transmission and 13.6% (27/199) knew that it was through saliva (Fig. 2 ). Reasons for not receiving the hepatitis B vaccination The reasons for not receiving the hepatitis B were; a lack of awareness of the hepatitis vaccine 30.1%, not knowing where to go 27.1%, having no need for 23.3%, not being aware of the hepatitis B infection for 15.0%, being expensive for 6.0% and being afraid of contracting the virus from the vaccine for 2.3% (Fig. 3 ). Individual factors associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services After adjusting for age category, only the years spent in sex work, ever being screened for Hepatitis B and the nature of the job which allowed the respondent to get time to seek HBV services were statistically significant with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services. The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 6.0% higher among respondents who had spent more than 4 years in sex work compared to those who had spent between 0 to 4 years (PR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.010). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 49.0% higher among respondents who had ever been screened for hepatitis B compared to those who had not (PR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.38–1.61, p < 0.001). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 13.0% higher among respondents who mentioned that the nature of their jobs allowed them to get time to seek HBV services, compared to those who did not (PR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04–1.22, p = 0.002) (Table 5 ). Table 5 Individual factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services among female sex workers in Kampala Uganda Variable Attribute Uptake of hepatitis B vaccination Crude prevalence ratio (CI = 95%) Adjusted prevalence ratio (CI = 95% P-value No (n = 334)(%) Yes (n = 66) (%) Age category (Years) 18–24 years 75 (84.3) 14 (15.7) 1 1 25–35 years 168 (83.6) 33 (16.4) 1.00 (0.92–1.08) 0.95 (0.89-1.00) 0.086 35 and above 91 (82.7) 19 (17.3) 1.01 (0.92–1.10) 0.91 (0.85–0.98) 0.016 Highest level of education completed No formal education 93 (84.5) 17 (15.5) 1 1 Primary 157 (85.8) 26 (14.2) 0.98 (0.91–1.06) 0.96 (0.91–1.01) 0.129 Secondary 84 (78.5) 23 (21.5) 1.05 (0.96–1.14) 1.00 (0.94–1.06) 0.865 Perceived social status Low 261 (84.7) 47 (15.3) 1 1 High 73 (79.3) 19 (20.7) 1.04 (0.96–1.13) 1.00 (0.95–1.06) 0.733 Years spent in sex work 0–4 years 192 (85.7) 32 (14.3) 1 1 4 years and above 142 (80.7) 34 (19.3) 1.04 (0.97–1.11) 1.06 (1.01–1.12) 0.010 Amount paid for short Low 231 (84.9) 41 (15.1) 1 High 103 (80.5) 25 (19.5) 1.03 (0.97–1.11) Amount paid for long Low 179 (84.8) 32 (15.2) 1 High 155 (82.0) 34 (18.0) 1.02 (0.96–1.09) Daily expenditure Low 198 (86.8) 30 (13.2) 1 1 High 136 (79.1) 36 (20.9) 1.06 (1.00-1.13) 1.00 (0.95–1.04) 0.919 Has some other source of income other than sex work No 216 (87.8) 30 (12.2) 1 1 Yes 118 (76.6) 36 (23.4) 1.09 (1.03–1.17) 1.03 (0.98–1.07) 0.188 Has ever been screened for Hepatitis B No 304 (96.5) 11 (3.5) 1 1 Yes 30 (35.3) 55 (64.7) 1.59 (1.49–1.69) 1.49 (1.38–1.61) p < 0.001 All hepatitis B-infected people present with signs/symptoms Don't know 230 (93.5) 16 (6.5) 1 1 Know 104 (67.5) 50 (32.5) 1.24 (1.16–1.32) 1.05 (0.97–1.13) 0.155 The nature of your job allows you to get time to seek HBV services (vaccination and screening) No 231 (98.7) 3 (1.3) 1 1 Yes 103 (62.0) 63 (38.0) 1.36 (1.28–1.43) 1.13 (1.04–1.22) 0.002 Think that you are at risk of getting hepatitis B infection No 268 (90.8) 27 (9.2) 1 1 Yes 66 (62.9) 39 (37.1) 1.25 (1.16–1.35) 0.93 (0.86-1.00) 0.060 Characteristics of the healthcare system/facilities used by the respondents Of the respondents who had ever heard about hepatitis B, 3.5% (7/199) had ever tried to seek services from a healthcare facility but failed. The services that the respondents failed to access were; information on hepatitis B for 42.9% (3/7), screening test for 28.6% (2/7), and vaccination for 57.1% (4/7). Nearly three quarters, 73.0% (292/400) of the respondents usually went to public healthcare facilities for services including vaccination. About 14.3% (1/7) of the respondents who had ever tried to seek hepatitis B services from a healthcare facility and failed, had ever been discriminated against due to the kind of work they do. Nearly two-thirds, 61.5% (246/400) of the respondents mentioned that the healthcare workers at the facility where they went to were friendly/approachable when providing services, and 60.8% (243/400) were satisfied with the services. About 45.8% (183/400) of the respondents mentioned that the health facility they attended provided health education on different health conditions including hepatitis B. More than three quarters, 78.5% (314/400) of the respondents mentioned that the waiting time at the health facility where they usually went was acceptable before they received healthcare services. About 28.6% (57/199) of the respondents who had ever heard about hepatitis B mentioned that there were some health-related outreaches where they lived. About 24.3% (97/400) of the respondents traveled a long distance to access healthcare services from the facilities where they visited and 52.5% (210/400) usually walked to the facility (Table 4 ). Table 4 Characteristics of the healthcare system/facilities used by female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda Variable Attribute Frequency (N = 400) Percentage (%) Has ever tried to seek hepatitis B services from a healthcare facility and failed (n = 199) No 192 96.5 Yes 7 3.5 Services that you failed to access (n = 7) Information on hepatitis B 3 42.9 Screening test 2 28.6 Vaccination 4 57.1 Ownership of the healthcare facility you usually go to for healthcare services, including vaccinations Private-for-profit 78 19.5 Private-not-for-profit 30 7.5 Public 292 73.0 The extent to which health workers at the healthcare facility you usually go to are approachable or friendly when providing services Friendly 246 61.5 Neutral 37 9.3 Not friendly at all/rude 22 5.5 Very friendly 95 23.8 The extent to which you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the healthcare services at the healthcare facility you usually visit Dissatisfied 26 6.5 Neutral 36 9.0 Satisfied 243 60.8 Very dissatisfied 10 2.5 Very satisfied 85 21.3 The health facility which you usually attend provides health education on the different health conditions, including hepatitis B Don't know 56 14.0 No 161 40.3 Yes 183 45.8 The extent to which the waiting time at the health facility you usually go to is acceptable before you receive health care Acceptable 314 78.5 Not acceptable at all 51 12.8 Very acceptable 35 8.8 There are some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where you live No 343 85.8 Yes 57 14.2 Travels a long distance to access health care services from the facility you usually visit No 303 75.8 Yes 97 24.3 The means you usually use to go to the health facility you normally visit By Walking 210 52.5 Using a Car 66 16.5 Using a Motorcycle 124 31.0 Healthcare workers usually give ample time to the questions you ask while at the facility you usually go to No 45 11.3 Yes 355 88.8 Ever received information related to hepatitis B from your peers No 338 84.5 Yes 62 15.5 The health facility you usually go to has information Education and Communication materials (IEC) about hepatitis B No 306 76.5 Yes 94 23.5 Health system factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services After adjusting for age and the highest level of education completed, only health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where the respondent lives and receiving information related to hepatitis B from peers were statistically significant with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services. The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 17.0% higher among respondents who had received some hepatitis B outreaches in the areas where they lived compared to those who had not (PR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.03–1.33, p = 0.010). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 7.0% higher among respondents who had ever received information related to hepatitis B from their peers, compared to those who had not, (PR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05–1.31, p = 0.004) (Table 6 ). Table 6 Health system factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda Variable Attribute Uptake of hepatitis B vaccination Crude prevalence ratio (CI = 95%) Adjusted prevalence ratio (CI = 95% P-value No (n = 334) (%) Yes (n = 66) (%) Age category (Years) 18–24 years 75 (84.3) 14 (15.7) 1 1 25–35 years 168 (83.6) 33 (16.4) 1.00 (0.92–1.08) 0.99 (0.93–1.06) 0.893 35 and above 91 (82.7) 19 (17.3) 1.01 (0.92–1.10) 0.98 (0.91–1.06) 0.719 Highest level of education completed No formal education 93 (84.5) 17 (15.5) 1 1 Primary 157 (85.8) 26 (14.2) 0.98 (0.91–1.06) 0.97 (0.91–1.03) 0.438 Secondary 84 (78.5) 23 (21.5) 1.05 (0.96–1.14) 1.02 (0.94–1.10) 0.526 Nature of the healthcare facility you usually go to for healthcare services, including vaccinations Private-for-profit 63 (80.8) 15 (19.2) 1 Private-not-for-profit 22 (73.3) 8 (26.7) 1.06 (0.91–1.22) Public 249 (85.3) 43 (14.7) 0.96 (0.88–1.04) The extent to which health workers at the healthcare facility usually become approachable or friendly when providing services Friendly 202 (82.1) 44 (17.9) 1 Neutral 31 (83.8) 6 (16.2) 0.98 (0.88–1.10) Not friendly at all/rude 19 (86.4) 3 (13.6) 0.96 (0.84–1.10) Very friendly 82 (86.3) 13 (13.7) 0.96 (0.89–1.03) The extent to which you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the healthcare services at the healthcare facility you usually visit Dissatisfied 21 (80.8) 5 (19.2) 1 Neutral 30 (83.3) 6 (16.7) 0.97 (0.82–1.15) Satisfied 204 (84.0) 39 (16.0) 0.97 (0.85–1.11) Very dissatisfied 8 (80.0) 2 (20.0) 1.00 (0.78–1.28) Very satisfied 71 (83.5) 14 (16.5) 0.97 (0.84–1.12) The health facility which you usually attend provides health education on the different health conditions, including hepatitis B Don't know 52 (92.9) 4 (7.1) 1 1 No 147 (91.3) 14 (8.7) 1.01 (0.94–1.09) 1.03 (0.96–1.10) 0.526 Yes 135 (73.8) 48 (26.2) 1.17 (1.08–1.27) 1.06 (0.98–1.16) 0.119 The extent to which the waiting time at the health facility you usually go to is acceptable before she receives health care Acceptable 263 (83.8) 51 (16.2) 1 1 Not acceptable at all 45 (88.2) 6 (11.8) 0.96 (0.88–1.04) 0.97 (0.89–1.06) 0.637 Very acceptable 26 (74.3) 9 (25.7) 1.08 (0.95–1.22) 1.07 (0.96–1.18) 0.194 There are some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where you live No 306 (89.2) 37 (10.8) 1 1 Yes 28 (49.1) 29 (50.9) 1.36 (1.24–1.49) 1.17 (1.03–1.33) 0.010 Travels a long distance to access health care services from the facility you usually visit No 254 (83.8) 49 (16.2) 1 Yes 80 (82.5) 17 (17.5) 1.01 (0.93–1.08) The means you usually use to go to the health facility you normally visit By Walking 175 (83.3) 35 (16.7) 1 Using a Car 57 (86.4) 9 (13.6) 0.97 (0.89–1.06) Using a Motorcycle 102 (82.3) 22 (17.7) 1.00 (0.93–1.08) Healthcare providers usually give ample time to the questions you ask while at the facility you usually go to No 39 (86.7) 6 (13.3) 1 Yes 295 (83.1) 60 (16.9) 1.03 (0.93–1.13) Ever received information related to hepatitis B from your peers No 302 (89.3) 36 (10.7) 1 1 Yes 32 (51.6) 30 (48.4) 1.34 (1.22–1.46) 1.17 (1.05–1.31) 0.004 The health facility you usually go to has information Education and Communication materials (IEC) about hepatitis B No 277 (90.5) 29 (9.5) 1 1 Yes 57 (60.6) 37 (39.4) 1.27 (1.17–1.37) 1.07 (0.96–1.19) 0.173 Discussion This study aimed to investigate individual and healthcare system factors associated with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs in the greater Kampala metropolitan area. The findings reveal that more than half of the FSWs recruited in the study had never heard of hepatitis B, and only less than a third had ever been screened for the infection. Less than a third of the FSWs in the survey had ever received at least one HBV dose. Aside, less than a tenth (5.5%) had completed the three hepatitis B doses, and 4.5% reported being diagnosed with the infection. The low proportion of FSWs who had ever heard of hepatitis B is not surprising given the limited attention it has so far received compared to other sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS and syphilis. HBV infection has not been accorded the attention it deserves in many healthcare settings, yet, key population clinics provide an opportunity for the intensification of awareness creation of the infection. The limited awareness of the infection, therefore, could be attributed to its less prioritization by healthcare providers, and policymakers. A case in point is a lack of HBV-related information, education and communication materials, and continuous medical education for healthcare providers ( 26 , 27 ). Although a considerable proportion of FSWs benefit from HIV-related outreaches, these have not been capitalized to increase their awareness of the infection. Therefore, medical outreaches and static HIV clinics should be used to scale up sensitization of female sex workers, and consequently hepatitis B vaccination programs. The poor health-seeking behaviour exhibited in the current study could also partly contribute to the limited awareness of hepatitis B infection. Only 3.5% of the FSWs who had ever heard of hepatitis B sought related services. The low proportion of FSWs who seek information on hepatitis B could be attributed to the mobile nature of sex work and low socio-economic status. Aside, a low-risk perception could partly explain why they do not seek information on hepatitis B. Most patients with chronic hepatitis B remain asymptomatic unless the disease progresses ( 28 ). Therefore, a lack of clinical signs and symptoms could hamper information and service-seeking, as has been reported in previous studies ( 29 ). FSWs who had spent more years in the occupation (sex work) had a higher probability of taking the hepatitis B vaccine. FSWs who spend a considerable period in the occupation are more likely to be targeted for the surveillance and treatment programs for sexually transmitted infections including HBV as opposed to those who do not. These treatment programs provide an opportunity to create awareness of hepatitis B thereby influencing vaccine uptake. Spending more time in sex work increases awareness of the associated risks including unprotected sexual intercourse and sharing of non-sterile needles, which are widely reported in the literature as modes of transmission of HBV ( 30 , 31 ). Years of sex work have been reported to correlate with the uptake of healthcare services FSWs who had ever been screened for hepatitis B had a higher chance of taking the HBV. Screening for hepatitis B can be a gateway for accessing information on Hepatitis B and vaccination services. FSWs who screen are more likely to interface with healthcare providers who can demystify any misconceptions, and healthcare educates the FSWs on the HBV risk posed by their occupation. Through this interaction, healthcare workers provide information to the FSW on transmission, the importance, and the benefits of going the extra mile to be vaccinated against Hepatitis B. Aside, most screening programs also provide vaccination. Although not always, hepatitis B vaccinations are provided after screening, thus a positive correlation between screening and vaccination. The positive correlation between screening and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine has also been reported among other high-risk groups in Uganda ( 32 , 33 ). Our findings thus emphasize the need to use screening programs to increase vaccine uptake among FSWs. A similar recommendation has been made by other scholars ( 6 , 34 ). FSWs who believed that the nature of their job allowed them to get time to seek Hepatitis B services. Time is often reported as a hindrance to the uptake of healthcare services, including vaccination ( 35 – 38 ). Thus, FSWs who exhibit flexibility in their working hours are not surprisingly more likely to uptake hepatitis B vaccination services. The current study found that nearly two-thirds of the FSWs were street-based, which means that they worked during the night ( 39 ) and could therefore access vaccination services since these are offered during the day. The uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine was higher among FSWs who lived in areas that had had some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B. Community health-related outreaches aim to increase access to hepatitis B-related services such as screening/ testing and vaccination, and information including transmission, signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and treatment. Health-related outreaches can be used to demystify misconceptions and to influence health-seeking behaviors thus increasing the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination. Aside, health-related outreaches are also known to provide free or subsidized screening and vaccination services which can act as a driver to the uptake of the vaccine among hard-to-reach populations, including FSWs. Our findings are consistent with those of the previous studies ( 34 , 40 – 42 ), which indicated an increase in hepatitis B vaccination as a result of outreaches. This study implies the use of outreaches provides an opportunity to reach and thus increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs, who are reported to be a hidden population ( 43 , 44 ). FSWs who had ever received information related to hepatitis B from their peers were more likely to uptake the vaccine compared to those who had not. Peers are often reported by FSWs as an important source of health-related information. These believe that peers often have the desired experience, often accrued from the utilization of a particular health service, and are in a better position to provide any health-related advice. It is possible that the information that was received from the peers positively contributed to the uptake of the vaccine. The role of peers in driving the uptake of healthcare services among FSWs is widely reported in the literature ( 45 – 48 ). This study, therefore, calls upon health authorities and other relevant stakeholders to utilize peers to increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs. Conclusions and Recommendations This study found out that more than half of the FSWs had never heard of Hepatitis B, less than a third had ever screened, and nearly three-quarters did not think they were at risk of the infection. The majority of the FSWs had never received any hepatitis B vaccination and less than a tenth had completed the recommended three vaccine doses. The individual factors associated with hepatitis B vaccine uptake were spending a longer duration in sex work, having been screened for hepatitis B, and the thought that the nature of sex work allowed time to seek HBV services. The health system factors associated with vaccine uptake were living in an area where there are hepatitis B outreach programs and ever receiving information on hepatitis B from peers. Based on these findings, this study recommends that MOH use outreaches to increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among individuals at an elevated risk of HBV infection. Also, the use of a peer-driven system to mobilise FSWs to uptake the vaccine could be impactful. Limitations of the study Vaccination status was assessed based on self-reports rather than Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) status, which could have biased the outcome as some people may have failed to recall their vaccination history or some may have given false information on the doses they received. The proportion of those deemed to be fully protected could be different if assessed based on anti-HB levels. The study findings may suffer from social desirability bias as FSWs may have been more likely to report favorable vaccination status. This being a cross-sectional study, it can only provide associations, other than causality about factors leading to vaccination status. These findings may not also be generalizable for all sex workers in Uganda. Kampala district is also more cosmopolitan in Uganda and may have unique exposure to information compared to upcountry districts. Abbreviations CDC Center for Disease Control and Prevention FSW Female Sex Worker HBV Hepatitis B Virus KCCA Kampala City Council Authority MOH Ministry of Health WHO World Health Organization Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate An introductory letter from Uganda Martyrs University and IRB approval from The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) Research ethics committee were obtained. These were presented to Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) from which written permission to engage the local leadership was obtained. All respondents signed an informed consent form to pledge their willingness to participate in the study but continuing with the interview was left to their discretion. Consent for publication Not applicable Availability of data and materials The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Funding The Authors received no specific funding for this particular work Authors' contributions JN, ML, DN, BNT, AN, JG, JMW, KT, JBI, RKM, and TS participated in the conceptualization and development of this manuscript. All authors read and approved this manuscript before submission to this journal. Acknowledgements We acknowledge the invaluable contributions of our research assistants: Bwire Geoffrey, Katushabe Ruth, Sanyu Mugisha, Kassim Kaddu, Joel Kikomeko, Sandra Babirye, and Miranda Naamala. Their dedication and attention to detail were crucial in the data collection. References WHO. Hepatitis B 2024 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b. 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Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021. p. 231-53. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 02 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 26 Apr, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 26 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 25 Apr, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4325506","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":297469084,"identity":"5eb07d0e-a336-4e16-85bc-684f0b5f11c7","order_by":0,"name":"Joana Nakiggala","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Joana","middleName":"","lastName":"Nakiggala","suffix":""},{"id":297469086,"identity":"04b61cb7-3bcb-455b-a21a-93ee181e0605","order_by":1,"name":"Mathias Lwenge","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Uganda Martyrs 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Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Aisha","middleName":"","lastName":"Nalugya","suffix":""},{"id":297469090,"identity":"68ebd372-b4bf-4ca7-bccf-a4cd435042df","order_by":5,"name":"Jovan Galiwango","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jovan","middleName":"","lastName":"Galiwango","suffix":""},{"id":297469091,"identity":"efef699d-67f8-4353-88fb-d0ece219589e","order_by":6,"name":"Junior Mike Wejuli","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Junior","middleName":"Mike","lastName":"Wejuli","suffix":""},{"id":297469092,"identity":"a2015642-de25-41bb-8e4e-45d114c473de","order_by":7,"name":"Kenneth Tebandeke","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"MildMay Uganda","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kenneth","middleName":"","lastName":"Tebandeke","suffix":""},{"id":297469093,"identity":"532407f5-a974-4e53-9b39-2a0fe22823ba","order_by":8,"name":"John Bosco Isunju","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"John","middleName":"Bosco","lastName":"Isunju","suffix":""},{"id":297469094,"identity":"00e795d7-967f-4d3f-97c2-e0815a516410","order_by":9,"name":"Richard K Mugambe","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Richard","middleName":"K","lastName":"Mugambe","suffix":""},{"id":297469095,"identity":"af2c2bd8-2156-4e28-b450-0d946260286c","order_by":10,"name":"Tonny Ssekamatte","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University School of Public Health","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tonny","middleName":"","lastName":"Ssekamatte","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-25 17:10:43","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20917-8","type":"published","date":"2024-12-05T15:57:04+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55762107,"identity":"4487456a-add3-4824-a921-8176bc55d04b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-02 19:05:28","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":72761,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAndersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4325506/v1/e48c28fa1881ba9a1a4b21c0.png"},{"id":55762105,"identity":"0a017ac3-e4a4-44e8-92af-ebb5c07343e8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-02 19:05:28","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":15438,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKnowledge of hepatitis B transmission of hepatitis B among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4325506/v1/8d0cfdba4e89d9dc514eadd6.png"},{"id":55762106,"identity":"4c7f90b5-254a-4c3c-a5f7-b7825ce793ec","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-02 19:05:28","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":17894,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eReasons for not receiving the hepatitis B vaccination among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4325506/v1/9dabe3bdc5d73d7c23ad31e5.png"},{"id":70964647,"identity":"0da22282-0e20-41fb-9ba1-ff3ec2b62bd8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-09 16:13:34","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1356742,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4325506/v1/887c65b7-c3b0-4d16-929d-a33c6edf3d04.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Uptake of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda","fulltext":[{"header":"Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eHepatitis B remains a major global health problem (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The WHO estimates that 254\u0026nbsp;million people are living with chronic hepatitis B infection, leading to about 1.1\u0026nbsp;million deaths in 2022 worldwide (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The WHO African Region has the second highest burden of hepatitis B globally, with 65\u0026nbsp;million people affected (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). In Uganda, hepatitis B is endemic with a decline in prevalence rates from 10% in 2005 to 4.3% in 2018 (5.6% among men and 3.1% among women) (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). The in-country distribution of the virus varies by region, with the highest prevalence in the mid-north at 4.6%, and the lowest in the south-western region at 0.8% (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver, causing both acute and chronic disease (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). If left untreated, chronic hepatitis B may progress to liver damage, liver failure, liver cancer, and even death (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). Due to its often asymptomatic nature, individuals infected with hepatitis B may remain undiagnosed until these severe liver complications emerge.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh-risk groups such as female sex workers (FSWs) are particularly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to the nature of their work (\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR7\" citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e). Their professional activities often involve high-risk behaviors such as engaging in unprotected sex, having multiple sexual partners, and participating in anal intercourse (\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR7\" citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e). These practices significantly increase the risk of exposure to HBV (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Additionally, the use of drugs and other substances among some FSWs can further exacerbate risky behaviors and impair decision-making (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e). In response to this elevated risk, hepatitis B vaccination is strongly recommended for FSWs in Uganda and other regions(\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe World Health Organization (WHO) has established robust frameworks aimed at ending significant public health threats including hepatitis B under its Global health sector strategies (GHSSs) by the target year of 2030. Recognizing the increased vulnerability of high-risk groups such as FSWs, the GHSSs emphasize scaling up prevention, testing, and treatment services for viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e). The Ministry of Health (MOH) of Uganda has made significant strides, particularly through the mandatory testing of all adolescents and adults born before 2002, vaccination for those who test negative, and linking those who test positive to further evaluation, treatment, and monitoring (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e). Additional efforts include the integration of the HBV vaccine into its Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 2002 (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e). The vaccine is administered to infants at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e). This schedule, however, means that Ugandan adults born before 2002 did not receive the vaccine as infants and thus have a higher risk of HBV infection, as they were not covered by the early immunization program (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegardless, the MOH also actively promotes the vaccination of high-risk groups such as FSWs, to curb the spread of HBV and protect these vulnerable populations (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e). However, available evidence indicates that FSWs have limited access to healthcare services possibly hindering vaccine uptake (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e). That notwithstanding, there is limited evidence of level of uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine and associated factors among FSWs Uganda. Understanding the predictors of hepatitis B vaccine uptake among FSWs to inform the design of effective strategies that enhance vaccine acceptance and coverage within this high-risk group, and ultimately contribute to eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. This study used the Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization to establish the factors associated with the uptake of the Hepatitis B vaccine among FSWs. Evidence generated can be used to inform policy and a benchmark for future studies.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy design and setting\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study design was conducted in Kampala City. Kampala is the capital and central administrative center of Uganda made up of five divisions including the Central, Kawempe, Makindye, Nakawa, and Rubaga divisions. It has an estimated population of about 1,500,000 people with a significant proportion (60%) residing in informal settlements (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e), and a significant number of commercial sex spots (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e). The city has a total of 1,458 Healthcare facilities, of which 585 are Health Center II, 48 are Health Center III, 13 are Health Center IV, 22 Hospitals, and 781 Clinics (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e). In 2021, the MOH in Uganda launched Phase 4 of its Hepatitis B control initiatives, targeting 31 districts, including Kampala. Within the Kampala district, the distribution of health facilities offering hepatitis B prevention services is as follows: Kawempe features 22 centers, the Central division has 17, Nakawa is equipped with 21, Makindye has 17, and Rubaga has 11 (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e). Regarding treatment centers for those who test positive for Hepatitis B in Kampala, the distribution is as follows: The Central division has two facilities, Kisenyi HC IV and Makerere University Hospital. Makindye division also has two centers, Kisugu HC III and Kiruddu NRH. In Nakawa, there are four treatment locations: Naguru RRH, Murchison Bay Hospital, Butabika NRH, and Kiswa HC III. Kawempe division offers four centers as well: Komamboga HC III, Kawempe NRH, Mulago Ward 5 and 6, and the Mulago Specialized Women and Neonatal Hospital. Lastly, Rubaga division has two facilities, Kawala HC III and Kitebi HC III (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eTheoretical framework\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study utilized the Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization to establish the factors associated with the uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among female sex workers (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The Andersen model of health care utilization has been applied in previous studies to explore facilitators and barriers to health service utilization (\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR2\" citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). The Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization is a conceptual model aimed at demonstrating the factors that either facilitate or impede the utilization of healthcare services (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). These factors are classified as; predisposing factors (e.g. education, occupation, ethnicity, social networks, social interactions, and culture), enabling factors (such as the logistical aspects of obtaining care), and the perceived need among the population at risk (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). Understanding these factors is critical to generating data for informing interventions targeted at improving the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services among FSWs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy population, eligibility, and sample size estimation\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study population included female sex workers aged 18 years and older who reside or work in two selected divisions (Makindye and Kawempe). Those who had lived or worked in the area for less than six months and those who failed to consent to participate in the study were excluded. We used the Kish Leslie formula for cross-sectional studies, considering an estimated prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs at 50% (due to limited literature), a 95% confidence interval (1.96), precision of 5%, and a non-response rate of 5%, a minimum sample size of 406 was yielded. A 5% non-response rate was factored into the study to account for the potential fear of disclosure among the study population and to ensure that the sample remains representative of the broader community (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSampling Procedure\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA multistage sampling technique was employed for the selection of the study respondents. In the \u003cb\u003efirst stage\u003c/b\u003e, Makindye and Kawempe divisions were purposively selected from the 5 divisions due to their high volumes of FSWs (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e). The \u003cb\u003esecond stage\u003c/b\u003e involved the random selection of 5 brothels per division from a list obtained from the respective leadership. The \u003cb\u003ethird stage\u003c/b\u003e involved obtaining a list of FSWs from the respective brothel managers. Thereafter, we employed simple random sampling to select the study participants, using a Microsoft Excel randomizer.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy variables\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIndependent variables\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese included individual factors age, marital status, religion, highest level of education completed, other occupation, years lived in the area, years spent in the sex work, ways of getting sex clients, perceived social status, current uses a psychoactive substance, and psychoactive substances and drug use. The health system factors included the type of healthcare facility you typically visit for medical services, including vaccinations; friendliness and approachability of the staff; level of satisfaction with the services; availability of health education on various conditions, including hepatitis B; waiting times; presence of health outreach programs; distance traveled to access healthcare facility; typical mode of transportation; and availability of educational materials on hepatitis B. Other factors included hepatitis B risk perception and knowledge of hepatitis B.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eDependent variable\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dependent variable in this study was the uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among FSWs, measured as the percentage who had received at least one dose of the vaccine at any point. This data was collected through self-reported vaccination status from the respondents.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eData collection procedures, tools, and analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA digitalized semi-structured questionnaire was administered to respondents through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire was developed based on available literature on Hepatitis B vaccine uptake (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e) and translated to the Luganda version. It was divided into Individual factors, Health system factors, and Uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination. Data uploaded from the Kobo collect server was entered in Microsoft Excel for cleaning and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) statistical software version 22. Descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were used to present continuous data, while frequency and portions were used to present categorical data. The Chi-squared Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables with cells containing a frequency of less than five. The level of statistical significance was set p-value\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.05 to avoid dropping important variables that might be associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination. A \u0026ldquo;modified\u0026rdquo; Poisson regression analysis was used to establish factors associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs. At bivariate analysis, variables with a p-value\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.05 were selected for inclusion in the final model. In multivariable analysis, only variables with a p-value\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.05 were considered statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eQuality control and Assurance\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e Research assistants with 2 years of experience in scientific studies were recruited and trained for 5 days on the study protocol and ethical guidelines for research studies. The study tools were pretested in the central division to enable research assistants to familiarize themselves with the tool. During the data collection, close supervision was conducted and field debriefs were done to ensure quality and address any discrepancies that arose during the field work. In the digital tool, must entries, skips, and check questions were included to prevent missing and wrong data.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSocial demographics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 400 respondents were interviewed, representing a response rate of 98.5%. Of these, 50.3% (201/400) were aged between 25 and 35 years, 58.8% (235/400) were divorced, 45.5% (182/400) were Roman Catholics, 45.8% (183/400) had completed primary as their highest level of education and 38.5% (154/400) had some other sources of income other than sex work. About 66.3% (265/400) of the respondents had lived in the area for more than 5 years and 44.0% (176/400) had spent more than 4 years in the sex work business. About 65.8% (263/400) of the respondents mentioned that their clients were mainly street-based and 77.0% (308/400) had a low perceived social status (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial demographic characteristics of the respondents\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttribute\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;400)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercentage (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge category (years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u0026ndash;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e201\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 years and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarital status\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDivorced/Separated\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarried/cohabiting\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWidow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"5\" rowspan=\"6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReligion\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnglican\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMoslem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo religion\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePentecost/Born-again\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRoman Catholic\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e182\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSDA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighest level of education completed\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo formal education\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e183\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTertiary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas some other source of income other than sex work\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"5\" rowspan=\"6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAny other occupation (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;154)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBar attendant\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBusiness-woman\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCasual laborer\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrug seller\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSalon Business\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelling fast foods\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYears lived in the area\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;5 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 years and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e265\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYears spent in sex work\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;4 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e224\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 years and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e176\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWays of getting sex clients*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOnline\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStreet-based\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e263\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHome-based\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e128\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhone-based\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e126\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBar-based\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived social status\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e308\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrently uses a psychoactive substance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"5\" rowspan=\"6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePsychoactive substances currently used by the respondent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKhat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlcohol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e303\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarijuana (Cannabis)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAviation fuel\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE-cigarettes (shisha)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKuba (Oral tobacco)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eInjecting drug user\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e395\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMultiple response*\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eRespondent\u0026rsquo;s expenditure\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn average, clients paid UGX 7347.50 (SD\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7156.89) for \u0026ldquo;short\u0026rdquo; and 20352.50 (SD\u0026plusmn;) for \u0026ldquo;long\u0026rdquo;. On average the respondents spent UGX14156.50 (SD\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;478.62) per day. The median amount of money clients paid for \u0026ldquo;short\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;long\u0026rdquo; was UGX 5000 (IQR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5000,7375) and UGX 15000 (IQR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;10000, 25000) respectively. The median amount of money the respondent spent per day was UGX10000 (IQR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;10000, 18000). The maximum amount of money clients paid for \u0026ldquo;short\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;long\u0026rdquo; were UGX 100000 and UGX 200000 respectively. The maximum amount of money a respondent spent in a day was UGX 70000 (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespondent\u0026rsquo;s daily expenditure and on clients\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasures of central tendency and dispersion\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmount (UGX) of money the client pays for \u0026ldquo;short\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmount (UGX) of money the client pays for \u0026ldquo;long\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDaily expenditure (UGX)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7347.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20352.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14156.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMode\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7156.888\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18923.358\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9572.391\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51221046\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e358093477\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91630663\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinimum\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e200000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIQR\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7375\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIQR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Interquartile Range\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eHepatitis B vaccination\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eClose to half, 49.8% (199/400) of the respondents had ever heard about hepatitis B. The sources of information on hepatitis B were family and friends for 27.6% (55/199), healthcare facilities for 61.3% (122/199), media for 10.0% (20/166), and school for 1.0% (2/199). About 21.3% (85/400) had ever been screened for hepatitis B, and 38.5% (154/400) knew that all hepatitis B-infected people presented signs/symptoms. About 57.8% (105/199) thought that they were at risk of getting hepatitis B infection. Of those who were at risk of getting hepatitis B, 45.7% (48/105) mentioned that they were at a high risk, 16.2% (17/105) were at a low risk and 38.1% (40/105) mentioned that they were at a moderate risk. About 41.5% (166/400) of the respondents mentioned that the nature of their job allowed them to get time to seek HBV services and 4.5% (18/400) had ever been diagnosed with hepatitis B (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAwareness, Risk perception, and uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttribute\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;400)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercentage (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEver heard about Hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e201\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e199\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources of information about hepatitis B (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;199)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFriends and family\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealth Centre\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHospital\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSchool\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas ever been screened for Hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e315\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e78.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll hepatitis B-infected people present with signs/symptoms\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThinks that you are at risk of getting hepatitis B infection\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e295\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which you are at risk (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh extent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow extent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eModerate extent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe groups at risk of contracting hepatitis B (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale sex workers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eInjecting drug users\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLong truck drivers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaste handlers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeople who tattoo themselves\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOthers (Specify)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe nature of your job allows you to get time to seek HBV services\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e234\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e166\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas ever been diagnosed with Hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e382\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas ever received the hepatitis B vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e334\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe number of vaccine doses received\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0 doses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e334\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 dose\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 doses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 or more doses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe period when you received the last dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;3 months ago\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u0026ndash;6 months ago\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLess than one month ago\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore than 6 months ago\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnows the recommended full dose of hepatitis B vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 or more doses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e370\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe period a full dose takes to protect someone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20 years and more\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e395\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination in protecting someone against its infection (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSlightly effective\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVery effective\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKnowledge of hepatitis B transmission\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout 7.0% (14/199) knew that it was transmitted through blood and blood products, 1.5% (3/199) knew that it was through sharps and needles, 22.1% (44/199) knew that it was through unprotected virginal and anal sexual intercourse, 0.5% (1/199) knew that it was through mother-to-child transmission and 13.6% (27/199) knew that it was through saliva (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eReasons for not receiving the hepatitis B vaccination\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe reasons for not receiving the hepatitis B were; a lack of awareness of the hepatitis vaccine 30.1%, not knowing where to go 27.1%, having no need for 23.3%, not being aware of the hepatitis B infection for 15.0%, being expensive for 6.0% and being afraid of contracting the virus from the vaccine for 2.3% (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIndividual factors associated with the uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter adjusting for age category, only the years spent in sex work, ever being screened for Hepatitis B and the nature of the job which allowed the respondent to get time to seek HBV services were statistically significant with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services. The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 6.0% higher among respondents who had spent more than 4 years in sex work compared to those who had spent between 0 to 4 years (PR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01\u0026ndash;1.12, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 49.0% higher among respondents who had ever been screened for hepatitis B compared to those who had not (PR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.38\u0026ndash;1.61, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 13.0% higher among respondents who mentioned that the nature of their jobs allowed them to get time to seek HBV services, compared to those who did not (PR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04\u0026ndash;1.22, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.002) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndividual factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services among female sex workers in Kampala Uganda\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttribute\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUptake of hepatitis B vaccination\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrude prevalence ratio (CI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;95%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjusted prevalence ratio (CI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;95%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;334)(%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;66) (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge category (Years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u0026ndash;24 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75 (84.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (15.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168 (83.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33 (16.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.92\u0026ndash;1.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.89-1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.086\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91 (82.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (17.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01 (0.92\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.91 (0.85\u0026ndash;0.98)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.016\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighest level of education completed\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo formal education\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93 (84.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 (15.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e157 (85.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 (14.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.01)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84 (78.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (21.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.05 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.94\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.865\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived social status\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e261 (84.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47 (15.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73 (79.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (20.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.95\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.733\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYears spent in sex work\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u0026ndash;4 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e192 (85.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32 (14.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 years and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e142 (80.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34 (19.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04 (0.97\u0026ndash;1.11)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.06 (1.01\u0026ndash;1.12)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.010\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmount paid for short\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e231 (84.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41 (15.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103 (80.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25 (19.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.03 (0.97\u0026ndash;1.11)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmount paid for long\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e179 (84.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32 (15.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e155 (82.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34 (18.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.02 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDaily expenditure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e198 (86.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (13.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e136 (79.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 (20.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.06 (1.00-1.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.95\u0026ndash;1.04)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.919\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas some other source of income other than sex work\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e216 (87.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e118 (76.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 (23.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.09 (1.03\u0026ndash;1.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.03 (0.98\u0026ndash;1.07)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHas ever been screened for Hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e304 (96.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 (3.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (35.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55 (64.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.59 (1.49\u0026ndash;1.69)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.49 (1.38\u0026ndash;1.61)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll hepatitis B-infected people present with signs/symptoms\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDon't know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e230 (93.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 (6.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnow\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104 (67.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 (32.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24 (1.16\u0026ndash;1.32)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.05 (0.97\u0026ndash;1.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.155\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe nature of your job allows you to get time to seek HBV services (vaccination and screening)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e231 (98.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 (1.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103 (62.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63 (38.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.36 (1.28\u0026ndash;1.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13 (1.04\u0026ndash;1.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThink that you are at risk of getting hepatitis B infection\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e268 (90.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27 (9.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66 (62.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39 (37.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.25 (1.16\u0026ndash;1.35)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.93 (0.86-1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCharacteristics of the healthcare system/facilities used by the respondents\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOf the respondents who had ever heard about hepatitis B, 3.5% (7/199) had ever tried to seek services from a healthcare facility but failed. The services that the respondents failed to access were; information on hepatitis B for 42.9% (3/7), screening test for 28.6% (2/7), and vaccination for 57.1% (4/7). Nearly three quarters, 73.0% (292/400) of the respondents usually went to public healthcare facilities for services including vaccination. About 14.3% (1/7) of the respondents who had ever tried to seek hepatitis B services from a healthcare facility and failed, had ever been discriminated against due to the kind of work they do. Nearly two-thirds, 61.5% (246/400) of the respondents mentioned that the healthcare workers at the facility where they went to were friendly/approachable when providing services, and 60.8% (243/400) were satisfied with the services. About 45.8% (183/400) of the respondents mentioned that the health facility they attended provided health education on different health conditions including hepatitis B. More than three quarters, 78.5% (314/400) of the respondents mentioned that the waiting time at the health facility where they usually went was acceptable before they received healthcare services. About 28.6% (57/199) of the respondents who had ever heard about hepatitis B mentioned that there were some health-related outreaches where they lived. About 24.3% (97/400) of the respondents traveled a long distance to access healthcare services from the facilities where they visited and 52.5% (210/400) usually walked to the facility (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003ctable id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\" style=\"margin-right: calc(0%); width: 100%;\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCharacteristics of the healthcare system/facilities used by female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAttribute\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;400)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" style=\"width: 11.6249%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePercentage (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHas ever tried to seek hepatitis B services from a healthcare facility and failed (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;199)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e192\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eServices that you failed to access (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInformation on hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreening test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVaccination\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOwnership of the healthcare facility you usually go to for healthcare services, including vaccinations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate-for-profit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate-not-for-profit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePublic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which health workers at the healthcare facility you usually go to are approachable or friendly when providing services\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFriendly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e246\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNeutral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNot friendly at all/rude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery friendly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the healthcare services at the healthcare facility you usually visit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDissatisfied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNeutral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSatisfied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e243\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery dissatisfied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery satisfied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe health facility which you usually attend provides health education on the different health conditions, including hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDon\u0026apos;t know\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e161\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e183\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which the waiting time at the health facility you usually go to is acceptable before you receive health care\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcceptable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e314\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNot acceptable at all\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVery acceptable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere are some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where you live\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e343\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTravels a long distance to access health care services from the facility you usually visit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe means you usually use to go to the health facility you normally visit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBy Walking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e210\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUsing a Car\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUsing a Motorcycle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e124\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHealthcare workers usually give ample time to the questions you ask while at the facility you usually go to\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e355\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEver received information related to hepatitis B from your peers\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e338\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 60.6011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe health facility you usually go to has information Education and Communication materials (IEC) about hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" style=\"width: 16.0151%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 13.837%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\" style=\"width: 9.4809%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec22\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eHealth system factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter adjusting for age and the highest level of education completed, only health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where the respondent lives and receiving information related to hepatitis B from peers were statistically significant with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination services. The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 17.0% higher among respondents who had received some hepatitis B outreaches in the areas where they lived compared to those who had not (PR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.03\u0026ndash;1.33, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010). The prevalence of uptake of hepatitis B vaccination was 7.0% higher among respondents who had ever received information related to hepatitis B from their peers, compared to those who had not, (PR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05\u0026ndash;1.31, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealth system factors associated with uptake of Hepatitis B vaccination services among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttribute\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUptake of hepatitis B vaccination\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrude prevalence ratio (CI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;95%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjusted prevalence ratio (CI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;95%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;334) \u003cb\u003e(%)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;66) \u003cb\u003e(%)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge category (Years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u0026ndash;24 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75 (84.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (15.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168 (83.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33 (16.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.92\u0026ndash;1.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.99 (0.93\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.893\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91 (82.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (17.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01 (0.92\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.719\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighest level of education completed\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo formal education\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93 (84.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 (15.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e157 (85.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 (14.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.438\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84 (78.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (21.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.05 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.02 (0.94\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.526\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNature of the healthcare facility you usually go to for healthcare services, including vaccinations\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrivate-for-profit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63 (80.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 (19.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrivate-not-for-profit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 (73.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 (26.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.06 (0.91\u0026ndash;1.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e249 (85.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43 (14.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.88\u0026ndash;1.04)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which health workers at the healthcare facility usually become approachable or friendly when providing services\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFriendly\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e202 (82.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeutral\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31 (83.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (16.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.88\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNot friendly at all/rude\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (86.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.84\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVery friendly\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82 (86.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 (13.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.89\u0026ndash;1.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the healthcare services at the healthcare facility you usually visit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDissatisfied\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 (80.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (19.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeutral\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (83.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.82\u0026ndash;1.15)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSatisfied\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e204 (84.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.85\u0026ndash;1.11)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVery dissatisfied\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 (80.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 (20.0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.78\u0026ndash;1.28)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVery satisfied\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71 (83.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.84\u0026ndash;1.12)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe health facility which you usually attend provides health education on the different health conditions, including hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDon't know\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52 (92.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 (7.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e147 (91.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (8.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01 (0.94\u0026ndash;1.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.03 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.526\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135 (73.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48 (26.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17 (1.08\u0026ndash;1.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.06 (0.98\u0026ndash;1.16)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.119\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe extent to which the waiting time at the health facility you usually go to is acceptable before she receives health care\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e263 (83.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51 (16.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNot acceptable at all\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45 (88.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (11.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.88\u0026ndash;1.04)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.89\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.637\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVery acceptable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 (74.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 (25.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.08 (0.95\u0026ndash;1.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.194\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere are some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B in the area where you live\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e306 (89.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37 (10.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28 (49.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 (50.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.36 (1.24\u0026ndash;1.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17 (1.03\u0026ndash;1.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.010\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTravels a long distance to access health care services from the facility you usually visit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e254 (83.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49 (16.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80 (82.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 (17.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.01 (0.93\u0026ndash;1.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe means you usually use to go to the health facility you normally visit\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBy Walking\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e175 (83.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 (16.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing a Car\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57 (86.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.97 (0.89\u0026ndash;1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing a Motorcycle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102 (82.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 (17.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.93\u0026ndash;1.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealthcare providers usually give ample time to the questions you ask while at the facility you usually go to\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39 (86.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 (13.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e295 (83.1)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60 (16.9)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.03 (0.93\u0026ndash;1.13)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEver received information related to hepatitis B from your peers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e302 (89.3)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 (10.7)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32 (51.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 (48.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.34 (1.22\u0026ndash;1.46)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17 (1.05\u0026ndash;1.31)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.004\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe health facility you usually go to has information Education and Communication materials (IEC) about hepatitis B\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e277 (90.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 (9.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57 (60.6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37 (39.4)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.27 (1.17\u0026ndash;1.37)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07 (0.96\u0026ndash;1.19)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to investigate individual and healthcare system factors associated with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs in the greater Kampala metropolitan area. The findings reveal that more than half of the FSWs recruited in the study had never heard of hepatitis B, and only less than a third had ever been screened for the infection. Less than a third of the FSWs in the survey had ever received at least one HBV dose. Aside, less than a tenth (5.5%) had completed the three hepatitis B doses, and 4.5% reported being diagnosed with the infection.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe low proportion of FSWs who had ever heard of hepatitis B is not surprising given the limited attention it has so far received compared to other sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS and syphilis. HBV infection has not been accorded the attention it deserves in many healthcare settings, yet, key population clinics provide an opportunity for the intensification of awareness creation of the infection. The limited awareness of the infection, therefore, could be attributed to its less prioritization by healthcare providers, and policymakers. A case in point is a lack of HBV-related information, education and communication materials, and continuous medical education for healthcare providers (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e). Although a considerable proportion of FSWs benefit from HIV-related outreaches, these have not been capitalized to increase their awareness of the infection. Therefore, medical outreaches and static HIV clinics should be used to scale up sensitization of female sex workers, and consequently hepatitis B vaccination programs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe poor health-seeking behaviour exhibited in the current study could also partly contribute to the limited awareness of hepatitis B infection. Only 3.5% of the FSWs who had ever heard of hepatitis B sought related services. The low proportion of FSWs who seek information on hepatitis B could be attributed to the mobile nature of sex work and low socio-economic status. Aside, a low-risk perception could partly explain why they do not seek information on hepatitis B. Most patients with chronic hepatitis B remain asymptomatic unless the disease progresses (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, a lack of clinical signs and symptoms could hamper information and service-seeking, as has been reported in previous studies (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFSWs who had spent more years in the occupation (sex work) had a higher probability of taking the hepatitis B vaccine. FSWs who spend a considerable period in the occupation are more likely to be targeted for the surveillance and treatment programs for sexually transmitted infections including HBV as opposed to those who do not. These treatment programs provide an opportunity to create awareness of hepatitis B thereby influencing vaccine uptake. Spending more time in sex work increases awareness of the associated risks including unprotected sexual intercourse and sharing of non-sterile needles, which are widely reported in the literature as modes of transmission of HBV (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e). Years of sex work have been reported to correlate with the uptake of healthcare services\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFSWs who had ever been screened for hepatitis B had a higher chance of taking the HBV. Screening for hepatitis B can be a gateway for accessing information on Hepatitis B and vaccination services. FSWs who screen are more likely to interface with healthcare providers who can demystify any misconceptions, and healthcare educates the FSWs on the HBV risk posed by their occupation. Through this interaction, healthcare workers provide information to the FSW on transmission, the importance, and the benefits of going the extra mile to be vaccinated against Hepatitis B. Aside, most screening programs also provide vaccination. Although not always, hepatitis B vaccinations are provided after screening, thus a positive correlation between screening and vaccination. The positive correlation between screening and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine has also been reported among other high-risk groups in Uganda (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e). Our findings thus emphasize the need to use screening programs to increase vaccine uptake among FSWs. A similar recommendation has been made by other scholars (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFSWs who believed that the nature of their job allowed them to get time to seek Hepatitis B services. Time is often reported as a hindrance to the uptake of healthcare services, including vaccination (\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR36 CR37\" citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e). Thus, FSWs who exhibit flexibility in their working hours are not surprisingly more likely to uptake hepatitis B vaccination services. The current study found that nearly two-thirds of the FSWs were street-based, which means that they worked during the night (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e) and could therefore access vaccination services since these are offered during the day.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine was higher among FSWs who lived in areas that had had some health-related outreaches on hepatitis B. Community health-related outreaches aim to increase access to hepatitis B-related services such as screening/ testing and vaccination, and information including transmission, signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and treatment. Health-related outreaches can be used to demystify misconceptions and to influence health-seeking behaviors thus increasing the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination. Aside, health-related outreaches are also known to provide free or subsidized screening and vaccination services which can act as a driver to the uptake of the vaccine among hard-to-reach populations, including FSWs. Our findings are consistent with those of the previous studies (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR41\" citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e), which indicated an increase in hepatitis B vaccination as a result of outreaches. This study implies the use of outreaches provides an opportunity to reach and thus increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs, who are reported to be a hidden population (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFSWs who had ever received information related to hepatitis B from their peers were more likely to uptake the vaccine compared to those who had not. Peers are often reported by FSWs as an important source of health-related information. These believe that peers often have the desired experience, often accrued from the utilization of a particular health service, and are in a better position to provide any health-related advice. It is possible that the information that was received from the peers positively contributed to the uptake of the vaccine. The role of peers in driving the uptake of healthcare services among FSWs is widely reported in the literature (\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR46 CR47\" citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e). This study, therefore, calls upon health authorities and other relevant stakeholders to utilize peers to increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"Conclusions and Recommendations","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study found out that more than half of the FSWs had never heard of Hepatitis B, less than a third had ever screened, and nearly three-quarters did not think they were at risk of the infection. The majority of the FSWs had never received any hepatitis B vaccination and less than a tenth had completed the recommended three vaccine doses. The individual factors associated with hepatitis B vaccine uptake were spending a longer duration in sex work, having been screened for hepatitis B, and the thought that the nature of sex work allowed time to seek HBV services. The health system factors associated with vaccine uptake were living in an area where there are hepatitis B outreach programs and ever receiving information on hepatitis B from peers. Based on these findings, this study recommends that MOH use outreaches to increase the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among individuals at an elevated risk of HBV infection. Also, the use of a peer-driven system to mobilise FSWs to uptake the vaccine could be impactful.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLimitations of the study\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eVaccination status was assessed based on self-reports rather than Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) status, which could have biased the outcome as some people may have failed to recall their vaccination history or some may have given false information on the doses they received. The proportion of those deemed to be fully protected could be different if assessed based on anti-HB levels. The study findings may suffer from social desirability bias as FSWs may have been more likely to report favorable vaccination status. This being a cross-sectional study, it can only provide associations, other than causality about factors leading to vaccination status. These findings may not also be generalizable for all sex workers in Uganda. Kampala district is also more cosmopolitan in Uganda and may have unique exposure to information compared to upcountry districts.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"623\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCDC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCenter for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFSW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale Sex Worker\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHBV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHepatitis B Virus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKCCA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKampala City Council Authority\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMOH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinistry of Health\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.21187800963082%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWHO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"83.78812199036918%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWorld Health Organization\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn introductory letter from Uganda Martyrs University and IRB approval from The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) Research ethics committee were obtained. These were presented to Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) from which written permission to engage the local leadership was obtained. All respondents signed an informed consent form to pledge their willingness to participate in the study but continuing with the interview was left to their discretion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFunding\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Authors received no specific funding for this particular work\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthors\u0026apos; contributions\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJN, ML, DN, BNT, AN, JG, JMW, KT, JBI, RKM, and TS participated in the conceptualization and development of this manuscript. All authors read and approved this manuscript before submission to this journal.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe acknowledge the invaluable contributions of our research assistants: Bwire Geoffrey, Katushabe Ruth, Sanyu Mugisha, Kassim Kaddu, Joel Kikomeko, Sandra Babirye, and Miranda Naamala. Their dedication and attention to detail were crucial in the data collection.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWHO. Hepatitis B 2024 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBwogi J, Braka F, Makumbi I, Mishra V, Bakamutumaho B, Nanyunja M, et al. Hepatitis B infection is highly endemic in Uganda: findings from a national serosurvey. African health sciences. 2009;9(2).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReliefWeb. 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Ismail, S(2020)\u0026apos;Informal Settlements\u0026apos;a Great Threat to Uganda\u0026rsquo;s Realization of Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Slums in Kampala Capital City/Uganda International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences. 2020;6(5):195-201.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUBOS. National Population and Housing Census 2014 2014 [Available from: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.ubos.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/03_20182014_National_Census_Main_Report.pdf.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMbonye M, Nakamanya S, Nalukenge W, King R, Vandepitte J, Seeley J. \u0026lsquo;It is like a tomato stall where someone can pick what he likes\u0026rsquo;: structure and practices of female sex work in Kampala, Uganda. BMC public health. 2013;13:1-9.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMOH. National Health Facility Master List. 2018.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcGovern ME, Canning D, B\u0026auml;rnighausen T. 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Sex Work and the New Zealand Model: Bristol University Press; 2020. p. 199-222.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarneiro LM, Mousquer GJ, Pinheiro RS, Castro AR, Fran\u0026ccedil;a DD, Caetano KA, et al. Outreach hepatitis B vaccination of female sex workers in central-west Brazil: immunization status, compliance, and immune response. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP. 2014;20(6):662-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMangen MJ, Stibbe H, Urbanus A, Siedenburg EC, Waldhober Q, de Wit GA, et al. Targeted outreach hepatitis B vaccination program in high-risk adults: The fundamental challenge of the last mile. Vaccine. 2017;35(24):3215-21.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiao Y, Thompson AJ, Howell J. Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview. Cells. 2020;9(10).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllen ST, Footer KHA, Galai N, Park JN, Silberzahn B, Sherman SG. Implementing Targeted Sampling: Lessons Learned from Recruiting Female Sex Workers in Baltimore, MD. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 2019;96(3):442-51.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ede Souza RL, dos Santos Madeira LDP, Pereira MVS, da Silva RM, de Luna Sales JB, Azevedo VN, et al. Prevalence of syphilis in female sex workers in three countryside cities of the state of Par\u0026aacute;, Brazilian Amazon. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2020;20(1):129.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBenoit C, Belle-Isle L, Smith M, Phillips R, Shumka L, Atchison C, et al. Sex workers as peer health advocates: community empowerment and transformative learning through a Canadian pilot program. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2017;16(1):160.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKrishnamurthy P, Hui SK, Shivkumar N, Gowda C, Pushpalatha R. Assessing the Impact of Peer Educator Outreach on the Likelihood and Acceleration of Clinic Utilization among Sex Workers. PloS one. 2016;11(7):e0159656.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMenger-Ogle LM, Kaufman MR, Fisher GG, Ryan EP, Stallones L. Using Peer Education to Promote Psychosocial and Occupational Health and Empowerment Among Female Sex Workers in Nepal. Violence against women. 2020;26(11):1445-66.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchwartz S, Viswasam N, Abdalla P. Integrated Interventions to Address Sex Workers\u0026rsquo; Needs and Realities: Academic and Community Insights on Incorporating Structural, Behavioural, and Biomedical Approaches. In: Goldenberg SM, Morgan Thomas R, Forbes A, Baral S, editors. Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights: Global Inequities, Challenges, and Opportunities for Action. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021. p. 231-53.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Female Sex Workers, Kampala, Uganda","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatitis B is a significant health problem worldwide, particularly among high-risk groups such as female sex workers (FSWs). In Uganda, it is highly recommended that FSWs receive the hepatitis B vaccine. However, there is limited evidence of the level of uptake of the vaccine and associated factors among FSWs in Uganda. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among FSWs in Kampala, Uganda.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study design among 400 female sex workers enrolled using multistage sampling techniques was conducted. Data were collected using a digitized semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were used to present continuous data while frequency and portions were used to present categorical data. A \u0026ldquo;modified\u0026rdquo; Poisson regression analysis was conducted to establish the relationship between predictor variables and uptake of hepatitis B vaccination.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 400 respondents (98.5% response rate) were interviewed. Close to half, 49.8% (199/400) of the respondents had ever heard about hepatitis B, and 16.5% had received at least a hepatitis B vaccine dose. The individual factors associated were spending more than 4 years in sex work (APR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01\u0026ndash;1.12, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010), being screened for hepatitis B (APR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.38\u0026ndash;1.61, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), and those whose job (sex work) allowed them to get time to seek HBV services, (APR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04\u0026ndash;1.22, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.002). The health system were having hepatitis B outreaches in the place of residence (APR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.03\u0026ndash;1.33, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010) and ever receiving information related to hepatitis B from peers (APR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05\u0026ndash;1.31, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study revealed a low hepatitis B vaccination uptake among FSWs, with less than a tenth having completed the recommended three vaccine doses. These results suggest the need for targeted health initiatives that leverage peer-driven system and enhance outreach programs to improve hepatitis B vaccine uptake and overall health outcomes within this population.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Uptake of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-05-02 19:05:23","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4325506/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-05-02T10:24:14+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-04-26T04:58:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-04-26T04:58:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Public Health","date":"2024-04-25T17:02:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5ce637fd-3ad0-4e0d-be22-a9a56c49e61a","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 2nd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-12-09T15:59:57+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4325506","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20917-8","journal":{"identity":"bmc-public-health","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Public Health"},"publishedOn":"2024-12-05 15:57:04","publishedOnDateReadable":"December 5th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-05-02 19:05:23","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20917-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20917-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4325506","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4325506","identity":"rs-4325506","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}