Study on the non-linear shear creep properties of granite structural planes with different 3D roughness

Study on the non-linear shear creep properties of granite structural planes with different 3D roughness | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Study on the non-linear shear creep properties of granite structural planes with different 3D roughness Fengrui Zhang, Wei Yin, Lina Xian, Mingxin Liu, Haopeng Jiang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 16 Sep, 2025 Read the published version in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract To investigate the influence of 3D roughness on the shear creep mechanical properties of structural planes, four natural granite structural planes with significant morphological differences were produced using the Brazilian splitting method. The self-developed laser 3D scanner was used to scan morphology, achieving 3D visualization of the structural plane and obtaining the 3D morphological parameters. Then, shear creep tests were conducted on structural planes with different 3D roughness ( JRC 3D ), and the influence of JRC 3D on the shear creep mechanical characteristics of the structural planes was analyzed. The research results indicate that, as the JRC 3D increases, the creep deformation, steady-state creep rate, and accelerated creep rate gradually decrease, while the failure shear stress, creep failure time and long-term shear strength showing an increasing trend. Based on the experimental results, a shear creep model for structural planes considering the influence of 3D roughness was established, and the parameters of the model were identified to verify the rationality of the model. The research results have reference value for the prevention, control and evaluation of geological engineering hazards. Granite structural plane 3D morphological characteristics 3D roughness Shear creep Creep model Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 16 Sep, 2025 Read the published version in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 21 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 19 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 20 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 03 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 31 Mar, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 24 Mar, 2025 First submitted to journal 20 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6273217","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":437851713,"identity":"0ba53e25-6425-4c53-b953-0f09cb7a341f","order_by":0,"name":"Fengrui Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Huaiyin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fengrui","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":437851714,"identity":"245956ab-4eee-42e8-ad24-5eeb2de7683c","order_by":1,"name":"Wei Yin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Huaiyin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wei","middleName":"","lastName":"Yin","suffix":""},{"id":437851715,"identity":"3d59ec67-9048-4c1c-bb56-bf3cac1e3f8c","order_by":2,"name":"Lina Xian","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Huaiyin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lina","middleName":"","lastName":"Xian","suffix":""},{"id":437851716,"identity":"d9c10992-8c62-43f5-bc5f-8e1d9a473d3a","order_by":3,"name":"Mingxin Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Huaiyin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mingxin","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":437851720,"identity":"79a4fa42-deca-4865-92f7-932547549f6b","order_by":4,"name":"Haopeng Jiang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABDElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAzDJIwEiGR8kGPyXY2NvPkC0FmaDDwXMxnw8xxKI0AIBbJIzPjAnzpPIUcCrxZy99+DjChkLeXP+BQzSPAZs6W0MOQwMPyq24dRi2XMu2fAMj4ThzhkPGIx5DHhy2xjOHmDsOXMbt8Nu5JhJNvBIMG64cYAhmcdAIreNsS+BmbENrxbzn0At9iAth3kMDNLZmHkMCGkxYwRqSdxwvoGxcYZBQgIbGyEtZ84lgxyWvOEGAzPDB4MDhm08bAkH8frleO/Bj409dbYbzh9g/5Hw54C8/PzHBx/8qMCtBRiNwGjvAdIS+R/gYgfwqIdoYfgBxPwE1I2CUTAKRsHIBQBkHFdwQMVq7AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Huaiyin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haopeng","middleName":"","lastName":"Jiang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-03-21 02:08:13","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-025-09822-8","type":"published","date":"2025-09-16T15:56:56+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":91889769,"identity":"aa88de1f-b267-45f2-b130-8ec9e99be9ff","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-22 16:00:16","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1241533,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6273217/v1_covered_11110d5f-f6df-4c7f-895e-7cdfc6d6e76d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Study on the non-linear shear creep properties of granite structural planes with different 3D roughness","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"mechanics-of-time-dependent-materials","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mtdm","sideBox":"Learn more about [Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials](http://link.springer.com/journal/11043)","snPcode":"11043","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11043/3","title":"Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Granite structural plane, 3D morphological characteristics, 3D roughness, Shear creep, Creep model","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eTo investigate the influence of 3D roughness on the shear creep mechanical properties of structural planes, four natural granite structural planes with significant morphological differences were produced using the Brazilian splitting method. The self-developed laser 3D scanner was used to scan morphology, achieving 3D visualization of the structural plane and obtaining the 3D morphological parameters. Then, shear creep tests were conducted on structural planes with different 3D roughness (\u003cem\u003eJRC\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e3D\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e), and the influence of \u003cem\u003eJRC\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e3D\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e on the shear creep mechanical characteristics of the structural planes was analyzed. The research results indicate that, as the \u003cem\u003eJRC\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e3D\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e increases, the creep deformation, steady-state creep rate, and accelerated creep rate gradually decrease, while the failure shear stress, creep failure time and long-term shear strength showing an increasing trend. Based on the experimental results, a shear creep model for structural planes considering the influence of 3D roughness was established, and the parameters of the model were identified to verify the rationality of the model. The research results have reference value for the prevention, control and evaluation of geological engineering hazards.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Study on the non-linear shear creep properties of granite structural planes with different 3D roughness","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-04 11:16:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6273217/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-06-21T05:57:03+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-06-19T08:31:48+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"181967457933086567444871587537012716382","date":"2025-06-05T07:42:22+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-05-20T07:41:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"31555095525747233532186491356105011161","date":"2025-05-16T05:19:31+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"221970243869592718031138400820365744945","date":"2025-05-13T05:10:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"33027829821676083910419773913219400769","date":"2025-04-05T07:50:58+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-03T07:46:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-03-31T21:08:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-03-24T05:02:49+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials","date":"2025-03-21T02:03:40+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"mechanics-of-time-dependent-materials","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mtdm","sideBox":"Learn more about [Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials](http://link.springer.com/journal/11043)","snPcode":"11043","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11043/3","title":"Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"43258589-d97d-4e7a-8bd3-65e6e465496f","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 4th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-22T15:58:11+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6273217","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-025-09822-8","journal":{"identity":"mechanics-of-time-dependent-materials","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials"},"publishedOn":"2025-09-16 15:56:56","publishedOnDateReadable":"September 16th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-04 11:16:08","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s11043-025-09822-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-025-09822-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6273217","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6273217","identity":"rs-6273217","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}