Closed Form Model to Investigate the Microstrip Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Applications

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This paper proposes closed-form expressions based on the cavity and transmission line models to compute key parameters of a metamaterial antenna, validated by numerical, experimental, and simulation results.

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The paper develops closed-form expressions for a coaxial probe-fed microstrip metamaterial antenna, targeting negative permittivity, resonant frequency, quality factor, bandwidth, input impedance, and gain. Using a hybrid approach (cavity model, transmission line model, dynamic permittivity, and an R-L-C parallel resonant circuit), the authors compare numerical outputs against experimental data from open literature and report their own new experimental results, with additional validation via an electromagnetic simulator. A key limitation explicitly implied by the preprint format is that the study is not peer reviewed and is presented as a Research Square preprint rather than a final journal article. This paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Abstract A set of closed form expressions is proposed to compute the negative permittivity, the resonant frequency, the quality factor, the bandwidth, the input impedance and the gain of a coaxial probe fed microstrip metamaterial antenna. It is based on the cavity model, the transmission line model, the dynamic permittivity and the parallel resonant R-L-C circuit. The numerical results are compared with experimental results available in open literature and our new experimental results. We have also employed electromagnetic simulator to validate the model.
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Closed Form Model to Investigate the Microstrip Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Applications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Closed Form Model to Investigate the Microstrip Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Applications Manotosh Biswas, Biplab Biswas, Sanjay Kumar This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1710098/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A set of closed form expressions is proposed to compute the negative permittivity, the resonant frequency, the quality factor, the bandwidth, the input impedance and the gain of a coaxial probe fed microstrip metamaterial antenna. It is based on the cavity model, the transmission line model, the dynamic permittivity and the parallel resonant R - L - C circuit. The numerical results are compared with experimental results available in open literature and our new experimental results. We have also employed electromagnetic simulator to validate the model. Negative permittivity resonant frequency impedance-bandwidth gain square ring resonator antenna Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1710098","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":111673489,"identity":"605ea236-3e7d-4450-b140-4ea0863f4556","order_by":0,"name":"Manotosh Biswas","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-3788","institution":"Jadavpur University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Manotosh","middleName":"","lastName":"Biswas","suffix":""},{"id":111673490,"identity":"fbd1abc4-5062-42aa-b839-c46ae673e8c1","order_by":1,"name":"Biplab Biswas","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jadavpur University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Biplab","middleName":"","lastName":"Biswas","suffix":""},{"id":111673491,"identity":"a3843a48-2adc-4998-a338-f1992beceeb1","order_by":2,"name":"Sanjay Kumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jadavpur University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sanjay","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-05-31 04:47:03","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1710098/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1710098/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":22590717,"identity":"e88ec360-0ce6-4bd0-84c2-1568917add60","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-13 16:37:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":700684,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RingResonatorAntenna.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1710098/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eClosed Form Model to Investigate the Microstrip Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Applications\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1710098/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Negative permittivity, resonant frequency, impedance-bandwidth, gain, square ring resonator antenna","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1710098/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1710098/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA set of closed form expressions is proposed to compute the negative permittivity, the resonant frequency, the quality factor, the bandwidth, the input impedance and the gain of a coaxial probe fed microstrip metamaterial antenna. 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