The Association Between Hysterectomy and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Record-Linkage Study

Suzanne C Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C. Dixon‐Suen, Penelope M. Webb, Louise F. Wilson, Karen Tuesley, Louise M. Stewart, Susan J. Jordan
Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2019 · vol. 111(10) , pp. 1097–1103 · doi:10.1093/jnci/djz015 · PMID:30753695 · PMC6792101 · W2914438311
article OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 10 in-corpus citations
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Hysterectomy without oophorectomy was not associated with overall ovarian cancer risk, but was associated with decreased risk for women with endometriosis or fibroids.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have called into question the long-held belief that hysterectomy without oophorectomy protects against ovarian cancer. This population-based longitudinal record-linkage study aimed to explore this relationship, overall and by age at hysterectomy, time period, surgery type, and indication for hysterectomy. METHODS: We followed the female adult Western Australian population (837 942 women) across a 27-year period using linked electoral, hospital, births, deaths, and cancer records. Surgery dates were determined from hospital records, and ovarian cancer diagnoses (n = 1640) were ascertained from cancer registry records. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer incidence. RESULTS: Hysterectomy without oophorectomy (n = 78 594) was not associated with risk of invasive ovarian cancer overall (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.11) or with the most common serous subtype (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.23). Estimates did not vary statistically significantly by age at procedure, time period, or surgical approach. However, among women with endometriosis (5.8%) or with fibroids (5.7%), hysterectomy was associated with substantially decreased ovarian cancer risk overall (HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.24, and HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.36, respectively) and across all subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that for most women, having a hysterectomy with ovarian conservation is not likely to substantially alter their risk of developing ovarian cancer. However, our results, if confirmed, suggest that ovarian cancer risk reduction could be considered as a possible benefit of hysterectomy when making decisions about surgical management of endometriosis or fibroids.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Hysterectomy Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Australia Australia Comorbidity Female Humans Hysterectomy Hysterectomy Middle Aged Ovarian Neoplasms Ovariectomy Population Surveillance Risk Assessment Risk Factors

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