Newly discovered Pituitary Adenoma in the Emergency Center during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Serbia: Treatment and Early Postoperative Outcome

Introduction: Pituitary tumors represent 10-15% of all intracranial tumors. Clinical manifestations depend on the size of the tumor such as microadenoma, macroadenoma or giant adenoma, and type of the tumor (secreting or non-secreting). Surgical treatment of pituitary adenoma can be managed via transcranial or transsphenoidal approach. Depending on the approach, there is a possibillity of postoperative complications such as meningitis, pneumocephalus, liquorrhea, transient diabetes insipidus and ect. Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of newly discovered pituitary tumors in the Emergency Center, University Clinical Center Of Serbia, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia, and early postoperative complications in patients treated with an endoscopic and microscope transsphenoidal approach. Material: and methods: During the time period during the pandemic, the study contains 119 patients, from January 1, 2020 to March 1, 2023, of which 64 are male (53.8%) and 55 are female (46.2%), age range is 14 to 85 years with a mean of 52.10. As for statistical analysis, assessment of frequency rate and relative numbers were used as methods of descriptive statistics. Results: : Macroadenoma was present in 95 patients (79.83%), microadenoma in 22 patients (18.49%), and giant adenoma in 2 patients (1.69%). Transient DI developed postoperatively in 11 patients (9.24%). The average duration of hospitalization after surgery was 8 days. Conclusion: The duration of hospitalization depends on numerous factors where the COVID-19 pandemic can serve as an example for future similar crisis situations so that better organization and preoperative preparation of patients can be implemented.