Genotyping and Association of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran

Genotyping and Association of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Genotyping and Association of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran Mojtaba Moosavian, Elyas Kushki, Tahereh Navidifar, Eskandar Hajiani, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The oral cavity can act as an extra gastric reservoir for H pylori , and also the presence of the bacteria in the oral cavity is associated with a higher risk of dental caries development. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype and evaluate the association of the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens in dyspeptic patients in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. In this study, 106 patients with recruited dyspeptic complaints were selected and from each patient, two gastric antral biopsy specimens and two dental plagues were examined. The presence of H. pylori was identified by the Rapid Urease Test (RUT) and the amplification of ureAB and 16S rRNA genes. Also, to verify a hypothetical mouth-to-stomach infection route, the enzymatic digestions of three genes of cagA, vacA , and ureAB in H. pylori strains isolated from dental plaques and stomach samples were compared for each same case. H. pylori was found in the stomach of 52.8% (56 /106) and the dental plaques of 17.9% (19/106) of the studied cases. On the other hand, H. pylori was recognized in the stomach of all 19 cases with oral colonization. Following a combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of these three known genes on stomach and dental plague samples, 14 and 11 unique patterns were seen, respectively. However, for all H. pylori -positive cases (19), the comparison of RLFP patterns of these genes in the dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens was different for the same case. This study showed, no significant association was observed between the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and the stomach of the same case. General Microbiology Infectious Diseases Gastroenterology & Hepatology Dental plaque H. pylori PCR Rapid urease test Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction Helicobacter pylori have been known as one of the most common agents of human bacterial infections. This bacterium is located under the gastric mucous layer, adjacent to the gastric epithelial cells. Infection caused by this bacterium is now recognized as a serious transmissible infectious disease (Veiga et al. 2015 ). H. pylori infections are common in areas with low levels of social-economic health (Goh et al. 2011 ). Despite many investigations, the exact route of infection transmission of this microorganism is still unknown. However, two different modes are suggested: oral-oral and fecal-oral transmission (Umeda et al. 2003 ). In addition to the stomach, H. pylori has also been isolated from the saliva and feces of the human as a likely reservoir of it (Momtaz et al. 2012 ). Since the oral cavity can act as an extra gastric reservoir for H pylori , it may lead to recurrent gastric infection (Al Asqah et al. 2009 ). On the other hand, Moseeva et al. ( 2010 ) found a relationship between the colonization of this bacterium in the oral cavity and the risk of dental caries development. In contrast, Olivier et al. (Olivier et al. 2006 ) and Chitsaz et al. (Chitsazi et al. 2006 ) failed to find H. pylori in the dental plaque of patients with gastric infections. These controversial results may be due to several factors including the variations in the study population, sampling procedures, and methodologies used for the detection of H. pylori in dental plaques. There are several diagnostic tests for H. pylori in dental plaques, including rapid urease test (RUT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunoassay, cytology, and bacterial culture. In general, the detection rate of H. pylori reported in studies, using RUT was higher than other tests. The lowest detection rate was when the microbial culture was used to detect the presence of this bacterium in dental plaque (Anand et al. 2014 ). Several virulence factors have been identified in H . pylori that can develop the severity of pathogenicity. Among them, cytotoxin-associated gene A ( cagA ) and vacuolating cytotoxin A ( vacA ) have been mentioned as the two main virulence factors of H. pylori that are involved in the pathogenesis of different strains. The cagA gene is located within a 40-kilobases DNA fragment known as the cag pathogenicity island ( cag PAI). Approximately, more than 60% of H. pylori strains carry this gene. This gene is associated with increased production of interleukin 8, mucosal inflammation, and an increased risk of peptic ulcer (Palframan et al. 2012 ; Erzin et al. 2006 ). The vacA is a housekeeping gene that can induce vacuolation and apoptotic processes in epithelial cells, as well as immunosuppressive effects on some immunological cells (Palframan et al. 2012 ). In this study, to investigate the hypothesis of oral to-stomach transmission in H. pylori infections, it is necessary to compare the RFLP patterns of several H. pylori genes between the mouth and stomach for the same case. In our study, three genes of cagA, vacA , and ureAB were selected for these analyses. To our knowledge, no sufficient research has been done on the detection of H. pylori in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens isolated from patients with dyspepsia in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the genotype and investigate H. pylori in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens, as well as the evaluation of an association between the colonization of H. pylori in dental plaque specimens and gastric biopsy. Materials And Methods Study population and sampling In this study, specimens were collected from 106 patients with dyspeptic complaints who were referred to the teaching hospital of Imam Khomeini, Ahvaz, Iran. Initially, two biopsy specimens from each patient were taken by a gastroenterologist from antral, within 5 cm of the pylorus. The exclusion criteria were as follows: treatment with any antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, or bismuth compounds during one month preceding this study, recent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, periodontal therapy within the past year, and signs of severe periodontal infections within the preceding 6 months (Liu et al. 2009 ). We retained one gastric biopsy specimen for RUT and the other was stored at -70℃ for DNA extraction. For performing RUT, the samples were inoculated in the urea broth medium (Sigma Co.). The needed time for a positive test depends on the concentration of H. pylori and temperature. Although most RUT will be change positive within 120-180 minutes, for the negative tests and increased sensitivity, it is best to read the test at 24 hours, so in this study, the results were interpreted after one overnight. On the other hand, two dental plaque samples were taken from each patient before the endoscopic examination. To remove the remaining foods, each patient was requested to wash his/her mouth with normal saline before sampling. Dental floss was used to completely clean the interdental spaces. The samples were transported in the tubes containing digestion buffer [100 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 250 mM ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) (pH 8.0), and 1% sodium lauryl sarcosine] on the day of sampling (Momtaz et al. 2012 ). One of these samples was used for screening H. pylori by RUT and the other was stored at -70℃ for DNA extraction and PCR. DNA extraction The gastric biopsy and dental plaque samples were crushed and mixed by a vortex. Then, the mixtures were centrifuged at 12000 x g for 3 min. A volume of 200 µl of suspended pellets in normal saline was transferred to a 1.5 ml microtube. The genomic DNA was extracted using a High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit (Roche Diagnosis, Mannheim, Germany) according to the protocol of DNA extraction from mammalian tissues. The concentration of the extracted DNA was measured at 260 nm, using a Nanodrop instrument (Thermo Scientific, USA) and gel electrophoresis. DNA purity was acceptable when the light absorption ratio at 260 nm to 280 nm was between 1.5 and 2. Identification of H. pylori using PCR Amplification of ureAB (encoding urease enzyme that is conserved in all H. pylori isolates) and 16S rRNA genes were performed for identification of H. pylori (Rasmussen et al. 2012 ; Han et al. 1998 ). The sequence of primers used is shown in Table 1 . For each gene, a uniplex PCR reaction was prepared in a volume of 25 µL. The master mixture consisted of 0.02 Units of Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.4 µM of each primer, 1x PCR buffer, 25 ng DNA template, and distilled water up to a final volume of 25 µl. Table 1 The sets of the used primers in this study Gene target Primer 5' to 3' Amplicon size Ref. 16S rRNA F- GGAGGATGAAGGTTTTAGGAT R-TCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAA 150bp Teoman et al. vacA F- GCTTCTCTTACCACCAATGC R-TGT CAG GGTTGTTCACCATG 1162bp Madinier et al. cagA F-AGTAAGGAGAAACAATGA R-AATAAGCCTTAGAGTCTTTTTGGAA 1320bp Madinier et al. ure AB F- AGGAGAATGAGATGA R- ACTTTATTGGCTGGT 2420bp Madinier et al. The amplification reaction was carried out in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with an initial denaturation step at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles with the following profiles: for 16S rRNA , 94°C for 1 min, 59°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 1 min; for vacA , 94°C for 1 min, 58°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 1 min; for cagA ; 94°C for 45 s, 50°C for 45 sec, and 72°C for 45 s; and for ureAB , 94°C for 1 min, 50°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 2 min (Rasmussen et al. 2012 ; Han et al. 1998 ). After electrophoresis of PCR products and staining of 2% gel agarose with ethidium bromide, the amplicons were observed and photographed using an ultraviolet light gel documentation system (Viber- Germany). Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis The vacA, cagA, and ureAB genes fragments were amplified by PCR and then were digested with HaeIII and Sau3AI for ureAB, HhaI, and HphI for vacA and HinfI for cagA for 3 hours at 37°C in the appropriate buffers suggested by the supplier (Fermentas, US). The digested products of each gene target were electrophoresed on 2% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide (Han et al. 1998 ). Statistical analysis The descriptive statistics and chi-square test were performed in SPSS version 16.00 and a significance level of p < 0.05 was used in this study. Results A total of 106 gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens from patients with dyspeptic complaints were evaluated. Of these patients, 88 cases were men and 18 cases were women. The patient's mean age was 33.9 ± 2.07 years. The patients were classified into four main groups based on clinical diagnosis including 58 cases with gastritis (54.7%), 35 cases with peptic ulcer (33%), 11 cases with duodenum ulcer (10.4%), and 2 cases of asymptomatic. In this study, H. pylori was recognized in the stomach of 52.8% (56/106) and the dental plaques of 17.9% (19/106) of cases. On the other hand, H. pylori was found in the stomach of all 19 cases with dental plaque colonization. All patients with H. pylori colonization in dental plaque and gastric biopsy had positive results in both molecular identifications of use and 16S rRNA genes and RUT (Figure1). On the other hand, among 56 gastric biopsy specimens containing H. pylori , 35 cases (62.5%) had the CagA gene (Figure1) . According to our results, the highest prevalence of the CagA gene belonged to patients with gastritis (20 of 28) , followed by peptic ulcer (12 of 21) and duodenum ulcer (3 of 7). Also, the frequency of the CagA gene in dental plaque specimens was 63.1 % (12 of 19). Following enzymatic digestion of the vacA gene via HhaI and Hph I (Figure 2a) and the cagA gene via Hinf I (Figure2b) on DNA extracted from gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens, two RFLP patterns of 3 and 4 bands for vacA gene and two RFLP patterns of 1 and 3 bands for cagA gene were visually detected. The RFLP patterns of the vacA and cagA genes have been shown in Table 2. Table 2 The enzymatic RFLP patterns for vacA and c agA genes Gene Gene cagA RFLP pattern vacA RFLP pattern Stomach n=35(%) Dental n=12(%) Stomach n=56(%) Dental n=19(%) 10(28.6) 3 (25) 1 bands (%) (1320bp) 36(64.3) 9(47.4) 3 bands (74, 392, 704 bp) 25(71.4) 9(75) 3 bands (%) (254, 384, 712 bp) 20(35.7) 10(52.6) 4 bands (50, 180, 293, 710) 35(100) 12(100) Total 56(100) 19(100) Total On the other hand, due to the enzymatic digestion of the ureAB gene (Figure 2c) by Hae III, four RFLP patterns of 3, 4, 5, and 6 bands were visually recognized. The RFLP patterns of the ureAB , vacA, and cagA genes in the stomach samples are shown in Table 3. According to the data, we recognized 14 unique patterns. According to Table 4, by combining the RFLP patterns of these three genes in stomach and dental plaque specimens for the same case, 14 and 11 unique patterns were seen, respectively. Table 3 The RFLP pattern of ure AB, cag A, and vac A genes on stomach specimens Patient Number Stomach ure AB cag A vac A 1 6bands none 3bands 2 5bands none 3bands 3 5bands 3bands 4bands 4 4bands 3bands 4bands 5 5bands 3bands 4bands 6 6bands 3bands 3bands 7 5bands 3bands 4bands 8 4bands 1band 4bands 9 3bands 3bands 4bands 10 6bands 1band 3bands 11 6bands 3bands 3bands 12 3bands 3bands 3bands 13 6bands 3bands 3bands 14 4bands 1band 3bands 15 3bands 3bands 3bands 16 6bands 3bands 4bands 17 4bands 3bands 4bands 18 6bands 3bands 3bands 19 5bands none 3 bands 20 4bands none 4bands 21 6bands none 3bands 22 5bands none 3bands 23 4bands 3bands 4bands 24 5bands 3bands 4bands 25 6bands none 3bands 26 3bands 3bands 5bands 27 4bands 3bands 4bands 28 5bands none 3bands 29 5bands 3bands 4bands 30 6bands 3bands 3bands 31 6bands none 3bands 32 3bands 3bands 5bands 33 6bands 3bands 3bands 34 6bands none 3bands 35 5bands 3bands 4bands 36 4bands none 4bands 37 3 bands 4bands 3 bands 38 5bands none 3bands 39 5bands 3bands 4bands Table 3 (continued) 40 3bands 3bands 5bands 41 6bands none 3bands 42 5bands 3bands 4bands 43 4bands none 4bands 44 3bands 4bands 3 bands 45 6bands none 3bands 46 3bands 3bands 5bands 47 4bands none 4bands 48 6bands 3bands 3bands 49 5bands none 3bands 50 3bands 4bands 3 bands 51 4bands none 4bands 52 5bands 3bands 4bands 53 6bands none 3bands 54 3bands 3bands 5bands 55 4bands none 4bands 56 4bands none 4bands Table 4 The combination of RFLP patterns of ure AB, cag A, and vac A genes on stomach and dental plaque specimens Denta plaque Stomach Patient Number vac A cag A ure AB vac A cag A ure AB 3bands 3bands 3bands 3bands none 6bands 1 4 bands 3 bands 5 bands 3bands none 5 bands 2 3bands none 4bands 4bands 3bands 5bands 3 3bands 1band 6bands 4bands 3bands 4bands 4 3bands none 5bands 4bands 3bands 5bands 5 4bands none 4bands 3bands 3bands 6bands 6 3bands none 5bands 4bands 3bands 5bands 7 4bands 3bands 5bands 4bands 1band 4bands 8 3bands 3bands 4bands 4bands 3bands 3bands 9 3bands 3bands 5bands 3bands 1band 6bands 10 4bands none 4bands 3bands 3bands 6bands 11 4bands none 5bands 3bands 3bands 3bands 12 3bands 3 bands 5 bands 3bands 3bands 6bands 13 3 bands 3bands 3 bands 3bands 1band 4bands 14 3 bands 3bands 4bands 3bands 3 bands 3bands 15 4bands 3bands 5bands 4bands 3bands 6bands 16 3bands none 5bands 4bands 3bands 4bands 17 4bands none 5bands 3bands 3bands 6bands 18 4bands none 5bands 3 bands none 5 bands 19 However, for all cases with positive H. pylori diagnosis, a combined analysis of the RFLP patterns of these three genes was different in the dental plaque with the gastric biopsy samples for the same case. According to the data, there was no association between H. pylori colonization in the oral cavity and stomach for the same case, because the comparison of fingerprint patterns due to enzymatic digestion three genes ( cagA, vacA, and ureAB ) showed that these patterns were different. Discussion In previous, it seemed that the human stomach is only the reservoir for H. pylori colonization until the detection of this bacterium was reported from some dental plaques, oral cavity, and saliva. However, the recovery of H. pylori from the oral cavity is a controversial issue. Moreover, most attempts for isolation of this bacterium from the oral cavity by culture were encountered with failure (Umeda et al. 2003 ). Because H. pylori has a viable, non-cultivable coccoid form, several investigators have proposed that H. pylori in this form may survive in the mouth and is only detectable by non-culture methods such as PCR or RUT (Han et al. 1998 ). The RUT, as an indirect test that can detect the presence of H. pylori , has advantages over serology because it can only detect active H. pylori infection. To obtain a positive RUT result, there must be approximately 10 5 bacteria in the sample. Since in our study, all patients with H. pylori colonization in the stomach and dental plaque (19 cases), had the same positive results for both RUT and PCR, therefore, it is concluded that the sensitivity of both tests is the same. In agreement with our study, some researchers also demonstrated that RUT sensitivity is greater or similar to PCR. Khalifehgholi et al. (2013) and Souod et al. 2013 have shown that the sensitivity of RUT and PCR was 95.6% and 93.5%, respectively. However, Toeman et al. (2007) recognized PCR as a more sensitive method rather than RUT for the detection of H. pylori . Moreover, RUT is a specific method for the detection of H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens, but some researchers have questioned the validity of RUT for the diagnosis of H. pylori in oral specimens (Madinier et al. 1997 ; Dowsett et al. 2003). These controversial results can be explained by the fact that although H. pylori is the only urease-positive bacterium known in the gastric cavity, other urease-positive bacterial species, such as Streptococcus species, Haemophilus species, and Actinomyces species, also reside as part of the normal oral flora. However, according to some reports, only H. pylori can produce large amounts of urease during a short time, as 20 min, while delayed urease-producing bacteria do not have positive results within one hour (Anand et al. 2014 ). Also, Gürbüz et al. ( 2003 ) reported that RUT has a sensitivity of 89.7% and a diagnostic accuracy of 86.7% for the detection of H. pylori in dental plaque. In the present study, like many PCR assays (Han et al. 1998 ) , we detected H. pylori by amplifying both urease and 16S rRNA genes in gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens. We identified H. pylori in the stomach 52.8% (106.56) cases using the PCR method. According to some reports, the frequency of H. pylori in dyspeptic patients in other regions of Iran using PCR was high and ranged from 48 to 85% (Roshani et al. 2014 ; Souod et al. 2015 and Pajavand et al. 2015 ). This difference in rates can be explained by the socio-economic situation population density in different regions of Iran, different methods in collecting, and samples processing, and primers used in PCR (Momtaz et al. 2012 ). On the other hand, we found H. pylori simultaneously in the dental plaques and the gastric biopsies of 19 (17.9%) cases. Similar to our study, Eskandari et al. ( 2010 ) in Iran (in 17.4% of cases) and Teoman et al. ( 2007 ) in China, (in 25.4% of cases) found H. pylori simultaneously in both the stomach and dental plaque samples. In contrast to our study, Momtaz et al. ( 2012 ) did not find any H. pylori in the dental plaques of patients with H. pylori gastritis, while they detected this bacterium in 77.6% of gastric biopsies, 10.7% of saliva, and 71.6% of stool samples. These differences in the prevalence of H. pylori may be due to variations in sampling techniques, different primer sets used in PCR, or some differences in the study population. In general, there is less H. pylori colonization in the oral cavity than in the stomach. The low rate can be explained by the two reasons: 1) suppressor effects of oral microbiota producing bacteriocin-like inhibitory proteins against H. pylori strains and 2) hiding H. pylori in yeast such as Candida spp. in the oral cavity (Moseeva et al. 2010 ). In our study, the frequency of the CagA gene in the dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens with H. pylori- positive results were 52.6% and 63%, respectively. The prevalence of cagA -positive H. pylori strains was different from one geographic region to another, including 94% in Malaysia (Ramelah et al. 2005 ), 78% in Turkey (Saribasak et al. 2004 ) , and 42.3% in Morocco (Alaoui et al. 2012). In addition, the prevalence of this gene was different in other regions of Iran, including 68% in Tehran (Dabiri et al. 2009 ), 92% in Shahrekord (Souod et al. 2013 ) , and 76.6% in Shiraz (Kamali-Sarvestani et al. 2006 ). In the present study, the number of cagA -positive H. pylori strains was more in patients with gastritis. However, Alaoui et al. (2012) and Eskandari et al. ( 2010 ) demonstrated a higher prevalence of this gene among the patients with peptic ulcer (50%) and gastric cancer (85%), respectively. In this study, we found 14 and 11 unique patterns of RFLP in the stomach and dental plaque samples, respectively. In addition, to find a correlation between the colonization with H. pylori in the dental plaque and the stomach for the same case, the RFLP analyses of vacA, cagA , and ureAB genes were performed on the DNA extracted from the dental plaque and gastric biopsy samples. According to these analyses, the different RFLP patterns were seen for the same case. Because for each similar case, a combination of these RFLP patterns was not present in both samples (dental plaque and gastric biopsy), we concluded that there are no correlations between H. pylori colonization in dental plaque and stomach. In other words, in our study, the dental plaque was not considered as a likely reservoir for re-infection of the gastric with H. pylori . However, in contrast to our study, Oshowo et al. ( 1998 ) demonstrated that the RFLP patterns of dental plaque and stomach samples of 13 out of 15 patients were identical for the same case. With regard that, these researchers used only one restriction endonuclease, it is difficult to prove a correlation between H. pylori colonization in dental plaque and the stomach for the same case. One of the main limitations of our study was the lack of isolation of H. pylori by bacterial culture. Therefore, we could not determine the genotypes of the vacA and cagA genes. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of H. pylori in the dental plaque and gastric specimens. RUT was a sensitive method as same as PCR for the detection of H. pylori. According to the RFLP analyses on the dental plaque and gastric specimens, we showed that there was no significant correlation between the colonization of H. pylori in the dental plaque and stomach. However, because insufficient of sample size, our results could not confirm the dental plaque as a likely reservoir of H. pylori infection in the human stomach. Study Limitation In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a, positive and negative controls have not been used, while they are needed in these Figures. Declarations Acknowledgments This study is a part of the M.Sc. thesis of Elyas Kushki which has been approved as a research plan (No. OG-93129) and was financially supported by Vice-Chancellor for Research Affairs and Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz. Iran and we thank all of them. Authors` contributions All authors have participated in the design, data collection, laboratory testing, drafting or revision of the article, have approved the final version for publication, and agree to be accountable in all aspects of the work. Funding information This work was financially supported by Vice-Chancellor for Research Affairs and Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz. Iran Availability of data and material The data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Ethical approval This research was approved by the ethics committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (Ethic of Number: IR.AJUMS.REC. 1393.224). Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Consent for publication All authors agree to publish. References Alaoui Boukhris S, Benajah DA, El Rhazi K, Ibrahimi SA, Nejjari C, Amarti A, Mahmoud M, El Abkari M, Souleimani A, Bennani B (2012) Prevalence and distribution of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA genotypes in the Moroccan population with gastric disease. 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Jundishapur J Microbiol 8:e25425 Palframan SL, Kwok T, Gabriel K (2012) Vacuolating cytotoxin A [ VacA ], a key toxin for Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2:92 Ramelah M, Aminuddin A, Alfizah H, Isa MR, Jasmi AY, Tan HJ, Rahman AJ, Rizal AM, Mazlam MZ (2005) cagA gene variants in Malaysian Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients of different ethnic groups. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 44:239–242 Rasmussen LT, de Labio RW, Neto AC, Silva LC, Queiroz VF, Smith MAC, Payao SLM (2012) Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies, saliva and dental plaques of dyspeptic patients from Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil: presence of vacA and cagA genes. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 18:180–187 Roshani M, Davoodi NA, Seyyedmajidi MR, Zojaji H, Sherafat SJ, Hashemi M, Zali MR (2014) Association of Helicobacter pylori with central serous chorioretinopathy in Iranian patients. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 7:63–67 Saribasak H, Salih BA, Yamaoka Y, Sander E (2004) Analysis of Helicobacter pylori genotypes and correlation with clinical outcome in Turkey. J Clin Microbiol 42:1648–1651 Souod N, Kargar M, Doosti A, Ranjbar R, Sarshar M (2013) Genetic Analysis of cagA and vacA Genes in Helicobacter Pylori isolates and their relationship with gastroduodenal diseases in the West of Iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J 15:371–375 Souod N, Sarshar M, Dabiri H, Momtaz H, Kargar M, Mohammadzadeh A, Abdi S (2015) The study of the oipA and dupA genes in Helicobacter pylori strains and their relationship with different gastroduodenal diseases. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 8:S47–53 Teoman I, Ozmeriç N, Ozcan G, Alaaddinoğlu E, Dumlu S, Akyön Y, Baloş K (2007) Comparison of different methods to detect Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque of dyspeptic patients. Clin Oral Invest 11:201–205 Umeda M, Kobayashi H, Takeuchi Y, Hayashi J, Morotome-Hayashi Y, Yano K, Aoki A, Ohkusa T, Ishikawa I (2003) High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori detected by PCR in the oral cavities of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 74:129–134 Veiga N, Pereira C, Resende C, Amaral O, Ferreira M, Nelas P, Chaves C, Duarte J, Cirnes L, Machado JC, Ferreira P, Correia IJ (2015) Oral and gastric Helicobacter pylori : effects and associations. PLoS ONE 10:e0126923 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 28 Mar, 2022 Reviewers invited by journal 16 Dec, 2021 Editor assigned by journal 13 Dec, 2021 First submitted to journal 12 Dec, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1164630","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":70554715,"identity":"dce989f1-8568-40d6-b905-70802896091d","order_by":0,"name":"Mojtaba Moosavian","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPACCRDB+ICB4QBpWpgNSNECBmwSRGnRbW8+/OFnm4W8OQN3WjVPzR05fgbmh49u4NFiduZYmmRvm4Thzgbebbd5jj0zlmxgMzbOwaflRo4ZA88ZCcYNB0Ba2A4nbjjAwyZNQIvxxz9nJOxBWop5/hGnxUCap0IiEaSFmbeNGC1Av0jLVEgkA7Vslpzbd9hYspmQX443H/74xqDOFqhl44c33w7L8bM3P3yMTwsCyD9gYOIBMZiJUg4FjD9IUT0KRsEoGAUjBgAAWYZNv0TLVE0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-7729","institution":"Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mojtaba","middleName":"","lastName":"Moosavian","suffix":""},{"id":70554716,"identity":"1daed36a-a16e-4e18-a7e0-1b1eafc1baea","order_by":1,"name":"Elyas Kushki","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Elyas","middleName":"","lastName":"Kushki","suffix":""},{"id":70554717,"identity":"bc94decf-433e-4403-a651-e8a1652345fa","order_by":2,"name":"Tahereh Navidifar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences: Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tahereh","middleName":"","lastName":"Navidifar","suffix":""},{"id":70554718,"identity":"d4c01de7-b071-4525-9534-3f1d1bb3eb1a","order_by":3,"name":"Eskandar Hajiani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences: Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eskandar","middleName":"","lastName":"Hajiani","suffix":""},{"id":70554719,"identity":"2f65d7df-6335-4deb-a392-6025283d5708","order_by":4,"name":"Mahdi Mandegari","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences: Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mahdi","middleName":"","lastName":"Mandegari","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-12-12 23:10:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":16554027,"identity":"ec22f35b-fdf8-4147-92f1-b5e04a15779b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-12-17 15:30:47","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":13879,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLane 1: Size marker of 100bp; lanes 2 and 3: PCR product of 16S rRNA (150 bp), lanes 4: PCR product of \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e (1162 bp), lanes 5 and 6: PCR product of \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e (1320 bp), lanes 7 and 8: PCR product of \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e (2420 bp)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1164630/v1/adcaa6954b41a8c4eaa28ac1.jpg"},{"id":16554028,"identity":"b7d36c67-3c5d-4c4d-adc2-7bcbbb035f07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-12-17 15:30:48","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":18741,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eRFLP pattern of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eureaAB \u003c/em\u003egenes on agarose gel 2 % . Part2 (a): The RFLP patterns of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e; lane 1: PCR product (1162bp), lanes 2 and 3: the RFLP pattern of 3 bands (74, 392, 704 bp), lanes 4, 5 and 6: the RFLP pattern of 4 bands (50, 180, 293, 710 bp), lane L: Size marker of 1000bp; Part 2 (b): The RFLP patterns of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e; lanes 1 and 3: PCR product (1320bp), lane 2: the RFLP pattern of 3 bands (254, 384, 712 bp), lane L: Size marker of 100bp; Part 2 (c): The RFLP patterns of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eureAB; \u003c/em\u003elane1: the RFLP pattern of 5 bands: (302, 373, 482, 550, 803 bp), lane 2 : the RFLP pattern of 4 bands: (422, 512, 912, 1151bp), lane 3: the RFLP pattern of 6 bands (182, 315, 381, 537, 845, 1213 bp); \u0026nbsp;lane 4: the RFLP pattern of 3 bands: (650, 1152, 1284bp ), lane L: Size marker of 100bp\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1164630/v1/f4fe25c85daa9d27631b66a0.jpg"},{"id":16554029,"identity":"2e3cee82-eac9-4d6b-aeb2-cb23cf482fd2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-12-17 15:30:51","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":367746,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1164630/v1/9c772d0a-45e5-4960-88bd-40ae2aa8446d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eGenotyping and Association of the Presence of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter Pylori\u003c/em\u003e in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e have been known as one of the most common agents of human bacterial infections. This bacterium is located under the gastric mucous layer, adjacent to the gastric epithelial cells. Infection caused by this bacterium is now recognized as a serious transmissible infectious disease (Veiga et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e infections are common in areas with low levels of social-economic health (Goh et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). Despite many investigations, the exact route of infection transmission of this microorganism is still unknown. However, two different modes are suggested: oral-oral and fecal-oral transmission (Umeda et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition to the stomach, \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e has also been isolated from the saliva and feces of the human as a likely reservoir of it (Momtaz et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). Since the oral cavity can act as an extra gastric reservoir for \u003cem\u003eH pylori\u003c/em\u003e, it may lead to recurrent gastric infection (Al Asqah et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). On the other hand, Moseeva et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) found a relationship between the colonization of this bacterium in the oral cavity and the risk of dental caries development. In contrast, Olivier et al. (Olivier et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e) and Chitsaz et al. (Chitsazi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e) failed to find \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaque of patients with gastric infections. These controversial results may be due to several factors including the variations in the study population, sampling procedures, and methodologies used for the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaques. There are several diagnostic tests for \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaques, including rapid urease test (RUT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunoassay, cytology, and bacterial culture. In general, the detection rate of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e reported in studies, using RUT was higher than other tests. The lowest detection rate was when the microbial culture was used to detect the presence of this bacterium in dental plaque (Anand et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeveral virulence factors have been identified in \u003cem\u003eH\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003epylori\u003c/em\u003e that can develop the severity of pathogenicity. Among them, cytotoxin-associated gene A (\u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (\u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e) have been mentioned as the two main virulence factors of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e that are involved in the pathogenesis of different strains. The \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e gene is located within a 40-kilobases DNA fragment known as the \u003cem\u003ecag\u003c/em\u003e pathogenicity island (\u003cem\u003ecag\u003c/em\u003e PAI). Approximately, more than 60% of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains carry this gene. This gene is associated with increased production of interleukin 8, mucosal inflammation, and an increased risk of peptic ulcer (Palframan et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Erzin et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). The \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e is a housekeeping gene that can induce vacuolation and apoptotic processes in epithelial cells, as well as immunosuppressive effects on some immunological cells (Palframan et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, to investigate the hypothesis of oral to-stomach transmission in \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e infections, it is necessary to compare the RFLP patterns of several \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e genes between the mouth and stomach for the same case.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, three genes of \u003cem\u003ecagA, vacA\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e were selected for these analyses. To our knowledge, no sufficient research has been done on the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens isolated from patients with dyspepsia in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the genotype and investigate \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens, as well as the evaluation of an association between the colonization of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque specimens and gastric biopsy.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials And Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy population and sampling\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, specimens were collected from 106 patients with dyspeptic complaints who were referred to the teaching hospital of Imam Khomeini, Ahvaz, Iran. Initially, two biopsy specimens from each patient were taken by a gastroenterologist from antral, within 5 cm of the pylorus. The exclusion criteria were as follows: treatment with any antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, or bismuth compounds during one month preceding this study, recent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, periodontal therapy within the past year, and signs of severe periodontal infections within the preceding 6 months (Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe retained one gastric biopsy specimen for RUT and the other was stored at -70℃ for DNA extraction. For performing RUT, the samples were inoculated in the urea broth medium (Sigma Co.). The needed time for a positive test depends on the concentration of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e and temperature. Although most RUT will be change positive within 120-180 minutes, for the negative tests and increased sensitivity, it is best to read the test at 24 hours, so in this study, the results were interpreted after one overnight.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, two dental plaque samples were taken from each patient before the endoscopic examination. To remove the remaining foods, each patient was requested to wash his/her mouth with normal saline before sampling. Dental floss was used to completely clean the interdental spaces. The samples were transported in the tubes containing digestion buffer [100 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 250 mM ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) (pH 8.0), and 1% sodium lauryl sarcosine] on the day of sampling (Momtaz et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). One of these samples was used for screening \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e by RUT and the other was stored at -70℃ for DNA extraction and PCR.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eDNA extraction\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe gastric biopsy and dental plaque samples were crushed and mixed by a vortex. Then, the mixtures were centrifuged at 12000 x g for 3 min. A volume of 200 \u0026micro;l of suspended pellets in normal saline was transferred to a 1.5 ml microtube. The genomic DNA was extracted using a High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit (Roche Diagnosis, Mannheim, Germany) according to the protocol of DNA extraction from mammalian tissues. The concentration of the extracted DNA was measured at 260 nm, using a Nanodrop instrument (Thermo Scientific, USA) and gel electrophoresis. DNA purity was acceptable when the light absorption ratio at 260 nm to 280 nm was between 1.5 and 2.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIdentification of H. pylori using PCR\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmplification of \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e (encoding urease enzyme that is conserved in all \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e isolates) and \u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e genes were performed for identification of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e (Rasmussen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Han et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e). The sequence of primers used is shown in Table \u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e. For each gene, a uniplex PCR reaction was prepared in a volume of 25 \u0026micro;L. The master mixture consisted of 0.02 Units of Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, 0.4 \u0026micro;M of each primer, 1x PCR buffer, 25 ng DNA template, and distilled water up to a final volume of 25 \u0026micro;l.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sets of the used primers in this study\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene target\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimer 5' to 3'\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmplicon size\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF- GGAGGATGAAGGTTTTAGGAT\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eR-TCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150bp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTeoman et al.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF- GCTTCTCTTACCACCAATGC\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eR-TGT\u003cem\u003eCAG\u003c/em\u003eGGTTGTTCACCATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1162bp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMadinier et al.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF-AGTAAGGAGAAACAATGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eR-AATAAGCCTTAGAGTCTTTTTGGAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1320bp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMadinier et al.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eure\u003c/em\u003eAB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF- AGGAGAATGAGATGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eR- ACTTTATTGGCTGGT\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2420bp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMadinier et al.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe amplification reaction was carried out in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with an initial denaturation step at 94\u0026deg;C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles with the following profiles: for \u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e, 94\u0026deg;C for 1 min, 59\u0026deg;C for 1 min, and 72\u0026deg;C for 1 min; for \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e, 94\u0026deg;C for 1 min, 58\u0026deg;C for 1 min, and 72\u0026deg;C for 1 min; for \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e; 94\u0026deg;C for 45 s, 50\u0026deg;C for 45 sec, and 72\u0026deg;C for 45 s; and for \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e, 94\u0026deg;C for 1 min, 50\u0026deg;C for 1 min, and 72\u0026deg;C for 2 min (Rasmussen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Han et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e). After electrophoresis of PCR products and staining of 2% gel agarose with ethidium bromide, the amplicons were observed and photographed using an ultraviolet light gel documentation system (Viber- Germany).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eRestriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe vacA, cagA, and \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e genes fragments were amplified by PCR and then were digested with HaeIII and Sau3AI for ureAB, HhaI, and HphI for vacA and HinfI for cagA for 3 hours at 37\u0026deg;C in the appropriate buffers suggested by the supplier (Fermentas, US). The digested products of each gene target were electrophoresed on 2% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide (Han et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe descriptive statistics and chi-square test were performed in SPSS version 16.00 and a significance level of \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.05 was used in this study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eA total of 106 gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens from patients with dyspeptic complaints were evaluated. Of these patients, 88 cases were men and 18 cases were women. The patient\u0026apos;s mean age was 33.9 \u0026plusmn; 2.07 years. The patients were classified into four main groups based on clinical diagnosis including 58 cases with gastritis (54.7%), 35 cases with peptic ulcer (33%), 11 cases with duodenum ulcer (10.4%), and 2 cases of asymptomatic.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eIn this study, \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e was recognized in the stomach of 52.8% (56/106) and the dental plaques of 17.9% (19/106) of cases. On the other hand, \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e was found in the stomach of all 19 cases with dental plaque colonization. All patients with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in dental plaque and gastric biopsy had positive results in both molecular identifications of\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;use\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e genes and RUT (Figure1).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eOn the other hand, among 56 gastric biopsy specimens containing \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e, 35 cases (62.5%) had the \u003cem\u003eCagA\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003egene (Figure1)\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e According to our results, the highest prevalence of the \u003cem\u003eCagA\u003c/em\u003e gene belonged to patients with gastritis (20 of 28)\u003cem\u003e,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003efollowed by\u0026nbsp;peptic ulcer\u0026nbsp;(12 of 21)\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eand duodenum ulcer (3 of 7). Also, the frequency of the \u003cem\u003eCagA\u003c/em\u003e gene in dental plaque specimens was 63.1 % (12 of 19). Following enzymatic digestion of the \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e gene via \u003cem\u003eHhaI\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eHph\u003c/em\u003eI \u0026nbsp; (Figure 2a) and the \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e gene via \u003cem\u003eHinf\u003c/em\u003eI (Figure2b) on DNA extracted from gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens, two RFLP patterns of 3 and 4 bands for \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e gene and two RFLP patterns of 1 and 3 bands for \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e gene were visually detected. The RFLP patterns of the \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e genes have been shown in Table 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2 \u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe enzymatic RFLP patterns for \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e and c\u003cem\u003eagA\u003c/em\u003e genes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"right\"\u003e\n \u003ctable align=\"left\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" dir=\"rtl\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.70480928689884%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Gene\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.22719734660033%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"34.660033167495854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Gene\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"18.407960199004975%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"25.70480928689884%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"21.22719734660033%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eRFLP pattern\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"34.660033167495854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; vacA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"18.407960199004975%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eRFLP pattern\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.865013774104682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eStomach\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003en=35(%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.834710743801654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eDental n=12(%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"35.53719008264463%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eStomach n=56(%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.763085399449036%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eDental n=19(%) \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.787375415282392%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e10(28.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.960132890365449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 (25)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.262458471760798%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1 bands (%) (1320bp)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.428571428571427%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e36(64.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.122923588039868%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e9(47.4)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"18.438538205980066%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands (74, 392, 704 bp)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.787375415282392%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e25(71.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.960132890365449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e9(75)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.262458471760798%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands (%) \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; (254, 384, 712 bp)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.428571428571427%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e20(35.7) \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.122923588039868%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e10(52.6)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"18.438538205980066%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4 bands (50, 180, 293, 710) \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.787375415282392%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e35(100)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.960132890365449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e12(100)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.262458471760798%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eTotal\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"21.428571428571427%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e56(100) \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.122923588039868%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e19(100)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"18.438538205980066%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eTotal\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eOn the other hand, due to the enzymatic digestion of the \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e gene (Figure 2c) by \u003cem\u003eHae\u003c/em\u003eIII, four RFLP patterns of 3, 4, 5, and 6 bands were visually recognized. The RFLP patterns of the \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003evacA,\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ecagA\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003egenes in the stomach samples are shown in Table 3. According to the data, we recognized 14 unique patterns.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eAccording to Table 4, by combining the RFLP patterns of these three genes in stomach and\u0026nbsp;dental\u003cspan dir=\"RTL\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003eplaque specimens for the same case, 14 and 11 unique patterns were seen, respectively.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe RFLP pattern of \u003cem\u003eure\u003c/em\u003eAB,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;cag\u003c/em\u003eA, and \u003cem\u003evac\u003c/em\u003eA genes on stomach specimens\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable align=\"left\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003ePatient\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eNumber\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"71.42857142857143%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eStomach\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"32.075471698113205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eure\u003c/em\u003eAB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"35.84905660377358%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003ecag\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"32.075471698113205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003evac\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n 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width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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dir=\"LTR\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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dir=\"LTR\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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dir=\"LTR\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3\u003cspan dir=\"RTL\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(continued)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e52\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e55\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.571428571428573%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e56\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.606469002695416%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"22.911051212938006%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4\u003c/strong\u003e The combination of RFLP patterns of \u003cem\u003eure\u003c/em\u003eAB,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;cag\u003c/em\u003eA, and \u003cem\u003evac\u003c/em\u003eA genes on stomach and dental plaque specimens\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"right\"\u003e\n \u003ctable align=\"left\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"41.001855287569576%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eDenta plaque\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"45.083487940630796%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eStomach\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"13.91465677179963%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003ePatient Number\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.913978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003evac\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.763440860215054%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003ecag\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.849462365591396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eure\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eAB\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.774193548387096%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003evac\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"18.27956989247312%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003ecag\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003eA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.419354838709676%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eure\u003c/em\u003eAB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5 bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e6bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e1band\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e4bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.703703703703704%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e4bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.851851851851851%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.37037037037037%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e5bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.444444444444445%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e3 bands\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.74074074074074%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003enone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e5 bands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.88888888888889%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eHowever, for all cases with positive \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e diagnosis, a combined analysis of the RFLP patterns of these three genes was different in the dental plaque with the gastric biopsy samples for the same case. According to the data, there was no association between \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in the oral cavity and stomach for the same case, because the comparison of fingerprint patterns due to enzymatic digestion three genes (\u003cem\u003ecagA, vacA,\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e) showed that these patterns were different.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn previous, it seemed that the human stomach is only the reservoir for \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization until the detection of this bacterium was reported from some dental plaques, oral cavity, and saliva. However, the recovery of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e from the oral cavity is a controversial issue. Moreover, most attempts for isolation of this bacterium from the oral cavity by culture were encountered with failure (Umeda et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e). Because \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e has a viable, non-cultivable coccoid form, several investigators have proposed that \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in this form may survive in the mouth and is only detectable by non-culture methods such as PCR or RUT (Han et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe RUT, as an indirect test that can detect the presence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e, has advantages over serology because it can only detect active \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e infection. To obtain a positive RUT result, there must be approximately 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e bacteria in the sample. Since in our study, all patients with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in the stomach and dental plaque (19 cases), had the same positive results for both RUT and PCR, therefore, it is concluded that the sensitivity of both tests is the same. In agreement with our study, some researchers also demonstrated that RUT sensitivity is greater or similar to PCR. Khalifehgholi et al. (2013) and Souod et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e have shown that the sensitivity of RUT and PCR was 95.6% and 93.5%, respectively. However, Toeman et al. (2007) recognized PCR as a more sensitive method rather than RUT for the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e. Moreover, RUT is a specific method for the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in gastric biopsy specimens, but some researchers have questioned the validity of RUT for the diagnosis of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in oral specimens (Madinier et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e; Dowsett et al. 2003). These controversial results can be explained by the fact that although \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e is the only urease-positive bacterium known in the gastric cavity, other urease-positive bacterial species, such as \u003cem\u003eStreptococcus\u003c/em\u003e species, \u003cem\u003eHaemophilus\u003c/em\u003e species, and \u003cem\u003eActinomyces\u003c/em\u003e species, also reside as part of the normal oral flora. However, according to some reports, only \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e can produce large amounts of urease during a short time, as 20 min, while delayed urease-producing bacteria do not have positive results within one hour (Anand et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Also, G\u0026uuml;rb\u0026uuml;z et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e) reported that RUT has a sensitivity of 89.7% and a diagnostic accuracy of 86.7% for the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the present study, like many PCR assays (Han et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e)\u003csup\u003e,\u003c/sup\u003e we detected \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e by amplifying both urease and \u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e genes in gastric biopsy and dental plaque specimens. We identified \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the stomach 52.8% (106.56) cases using the PCR method.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to some reports, the frequency of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dyspeptic patients in other regions of Iran using PCR was high and ranged from 48 to 85% (Roshani et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Souod et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e and Pajavand et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). This difference in rates can be explained by the socio-economic situation population density in different regions of Iran, different methods in collecting, and samples processing, and primers used in PCR (Momtaz et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, we found \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e simultaneously in the dental plaques and the gastric biopsies of 19 (17.9%) cases. Similar to our study, Eskandari et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) in Iran (in 17.4% of cases) and Teoman et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e) in China, (in 25.4% of cases) found \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e simultaneously in both the stomach and dental plaque samples.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn contrast to our study, Momtaz et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e) did not find any \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaques of patients with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e gastritis, while they detected this bacterium in 77.6% of gastric biopsies, 10.7% of saliva, and 71.6% of stool samples. These differences in the prevalence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e may be due to variations in sampling techniques, different primer sets used in PCR, or some differences in the study population. In general, there is less \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in the oral cavity than in the stomach. The low rate can be explained by the two reasons: 1) suppressor effects of oral microbiota producing bacteriocin-like inhibitory proteins against \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains and 2) hiding \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in yeast such as \u003cem\u003eCandida spp.\u003c/em\u003e in the oral cavity (Moseeva et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, the frequency of the \u003cem\u003eCagA\u003c/em\u003e gene in the dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori-\u003c/em\u003epositive results were 52.6% and 63%, respectively. The prevalence of \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e-positive \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains was different from one geographic region to another, including 94% in Malaysia (Ramelah et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e), 78% in Turkey (Saribasak et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e)\u003csup\u003e,\u003c/sup\u003e and 42.3% in Morocco (Alaoui et al. 2012). In addition, the prevalence of this gene was different in other regions of Iran, including 68% in Tehran (Dabiri et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e), 92% in Shahrekord (Souod et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e)\u003csup\u003e,\u003c/sup\u003e and 76.6% in Shiraz (Kamali-Sarvestani et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the present study, the number of \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e-positive \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains was more in patients with gastritis. However, Alaoui et al. (2012) and Eskandari et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) demonstrated a higher prevalence of this gene among the patients with peptic ulcer (50%) and gastric cancer (85%), respectively.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, we found 14 and 11 unique patterns of RFLP in the stomach and dental plaque samples, respectively. In addition, to find a correlation between the colonization with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaque and the stomach for the same case, the RFLP analyses of \u003cem\u003evacA, cagA\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e genes were performed on the DNA extracted from the dental plaque and gastric biopsy samples. According to these analyses, the different RFLP patterns were seen for the same case. Because for each similar case, a combination of these RFLP patterns was not present in both samples (dental plaque and gastric biopsy), we concluded that there are no correlations between \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in dental plaque and stomach. In other words, in our study, the dental plaque was not considered as a likely reservoir for re-infection of the gastric with \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHowever, in contrast to our study, Oshowo et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e) demonstrated that the RFLP patterns of dental plaque and stomach samples of 13 out of 15 patients were identical for the same case. With regard that, these researchers used only one restriction endonuclease, it is difficult to prove a correlation between \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e colonization in dental plaque and the stomach for the same case.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne of the main limitations of our study was the lack of isolation of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e by bacterial culture. Therefore, we could not determine the genotypes of the \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e genes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe found a high prevalence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaque and gastric specimens. RUT was a sensitive method as same as PCR for the detection of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori.\u003c/em\u003e According to the RFLP analyses on the dental plaque and gastric specimens, we showed that there was no significant correlation between the colonization of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaque and stomach. However, because insufficient of sample size, our results could not confirm the dental plaque as a likely reservoir of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e infection in the human stomach.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Study Limitation","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ea, positive and negative controls have not been used, while they are needed in these Figures.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study is a part of the M.Sc. thesis of \u0026nbsp;Elyas Kushki which has been approved as a research plan (No. OG-93129) and was financially supported by Vice-Chancellor for Research Affairs and Infectious \u0026amp; Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz. Iran and we thank all of them.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors` contributions \u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors have participated in the design, data collection, laboratory testing, drafting or revision of the article, have approved the final version for publication, and agree to be accountable in all aspects of the work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding information\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was financially supported by Vice-Chancellor for Research Affairs and Infectious \u0026amp; Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz. Iran\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and material\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthical approval \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research was approved by the ethics committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (Ethic of Number: IR.AJUMS.REC. 1393.224).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of Interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors agree to publish.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAlaoui Boukhris S, Benajah DA, El Rhazi K, Ibrahimi SA, Nejjari C, Amarti A, Mahmoud M, El Abkari M, Souleimani A, Bennani B (2012) Prevalence and distribution of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori cagA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e genotypes in the Moroccan population with gastric disease. 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J Periodontol 68:2\u0026ndash;6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMomtaz H, Souod N, Dabiri H, Sarshar M (2012) Study of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e genotype status in saliva, dental plaques, stool, and gastric biopsy samples. World J Gastroenterol 18:2105\u0026ndash;2111\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoseeva MV, Belova EV, Vakhrushev IaM (2010) \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the development of dental caries. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol 2:19\u0026ndash;21\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOlivier BJ, Bond RP, van Zyl WB (2006) Absence of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e within the oral cavities of members of a healthy South African community. J Clin Microbiol 44:635\u0026ndash;636Delport M, Slavik T, Ziady C, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Lastovica A, van der Merwe SW\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOshowo A, Tunio M, Gillam D, Botha AJ, Holton J, Boulos P, Hobsley M (1998) Oral colonization is unlikely to play an important role in \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e infection. Br J Surg 85:850\u0026ndash;852\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePajavand H, Alvandi A, Mohajeri P, Bakhtyari S, Bashiri H, Kalali B, Gerhard M, Najafi F, Abiri R (2015) High frequency of vacA s1m2 genotypes among \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e isolates from patients with gastroduodenal disorders in Kermanshah, Iran. 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FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 44:239\u0026ndash;242\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRasmussen LT, de Labio RW, Neto AC, Silva LC, Queiroz VF, Smith MAC, Payao SLM (2012) Detection of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e in gastric biopsies, saliva and dental plaques of dyspeptic patients from Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil: presence of \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e genes. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 18:180\u0026ndash;187\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRoshani M, Davoodi NA, Seyyedmajidi MR, Zojaji H, Sherafat SJ, Hashemi M, Zali MR (2014) Association of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e with central serous chorioretinopathy in Iranian patients. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 7:63\u0026ndash;67\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSaribasak H, Salih BA, Yamaoka Y, Sander E (2004) Analysis of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e genotypes and correlation with clinical outcome in Turkey. J Clin Microbiol 42:1648\u0026ndash;1651\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSouod N, Kargar M, Doosti A, Ranjbar R, Sarshar M (2013) Genetic Analysis of \u003cem\u003ecagA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003evacA\u003c/em\u003e Genes in \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter Pylori\u003c/em\u003e isolates and their relationship with gastroduodenal diseases in the West of Iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J 15:371\u0026ndash;375\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSouod N, Sarshar M, Dabiri H, Momtaz H, Kargar M, Mohammadzadeh A, Abdi S (2015) The study of the \u003cem\u003eoipA\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003edupA\u003c/em\u003e genes in \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains and their relationship with different gastroduodenal diseases. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 8:S47\u0026ndash;53\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTeoman I, Ozmeri\u0026ccedil; N, Ozcan G, Alaaddinoğlu E, Dumlu S, Aky\u0026ouml;n Y, Baloş K (2007) Comparison of different methods to detect \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e in the dental plaque of dyspeptic patients. Clin Oral Invest 11:201\u0026ndash;205\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUmeda M, Kobayashi H, Takeuchi Y, Hayashi J, Morotome-Hayashi Y, Yano K, Aoki A, Ohkusa T, Ishikawa I (2003) High prevalence of \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e detected by PCR in the oral cavities of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 74:129\u0026ndash;134\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVeiga N, Pereira C, Resende C, Amaral O, Ferreira M, Nelas P, Chaves C, Duarte J, Cirnes L, Machado JC, Ferreira P, Correia IJ (2015) Oral and gastric \u003cem\u003eHelicobacter pylori\u003c/em\u003e: effects and associations. PLoS ONE 10:e0126923\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"archives-of-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aomi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Archives of Microbiology](https://www.springer.com/journal/203)","snPcode":"203","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/203/3","title":"Archives of Microbiology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Dental plaque, H. pylori, PCR, Rapid urease test, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe oral cavity can act as an extra gastric reservoir for \u003cem\u003eH pylori\u003c/em\u003e, and also the presence of the bacteria in the oral cavity is associated with a higher risk of dental caries development. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype and evaluate the association of the presence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens in dyspeptic patients in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, 106 patients with recruited dyspeptic complaints were selected and from each patient, two gastric antral biopsy specimens and two dental plagues were examined. The presence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e was identified by the Rapid Urease Test (RUT) and the amplification of \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003e16S rRNA\u003c/em\u003e genes. Also, to verify a hypothetical mouth-to-stomach infection route, the enzymatic digestions of three genes of \u003cem\u003ecagA, vacA\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eureAB\u003c/em\u003e in \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e strains isolated from dental plaques and stomach samples were compared for each same case.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e was found in the stomach of 52.8% (56 /106) and the dental plaques of 17.9% (19/106) of the studied cases. On the other hand, \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e was recognized in the stomach of all 19 cases with oral colonization. Following a combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of these three known genes on stomach and dental plague samples, 14 and 11 unique patterns were seen, respectively. However, for all \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e-positive cases (19), the comparison of RLFP patterns of these genes in the dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens was different for the same case. This study showed, no significant association was observed between the presence of \u003cem\u003eH. pylori\u003c/em\u003e in dental plaque and the stomach of the same case.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Genotyping and Association of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-12-17 15:30:46","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1164630/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2022-03-28T18:25:19+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2021-12-16T09:17:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2021-12-13T10:26:29+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Archives of Microbiology","date":"2021-12-12T18:09:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"archives-of-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aomi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Archives of Microbiology](https://www.springer.com/journal/203)","snPcode":"203","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/203/3","title":"Archives of Microbiology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"61d3b54c-d5e5-477c-869f-8dd94aad2743","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 17th, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":9222382,"name":"General Microbiology"},{"id":9222383,"name":"Infectious Diseases"},{"id":9222384,"name":"Gastroenterology \u0026 Hepatology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-12-17T15:30:46+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-12-17 15:30:46","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1164630","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1164630","identity":"rs-1164630","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}