Neuroendocrine axis and reproduction

Rosaria Borrelli
2017 · doi:10.6093/unina/fedoa/11574 · W2791633867
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This PhD thesis investigates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis by assessing polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes and reviewing environmental pollutants as potential etiological factors for endometriosis.

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This doctoral thesis investigates alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis using polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis as models for endogenous and environmental influences, respectively. The first research line employs a clinical observational study to determine if distinct PCOS phenotypes based on hyperandrogenism or insulin resistance correlate with specific ovarian morphological changes via ultrasound. The second line conducts a systematic literature review to evaluate the potential impact of common environmental pollutants on the etiology of endometriosis. Relevance to endometriosis: listed as one indication for GnRH antagonists, though the paper's main focus is uterine fibroids.

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Abstract

This PhD thesis is based on the conduct of two lines of research focused on alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis functioning. The two most common disorders of ovarian function, micropolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis, have been identified as models to assess the impact, on the axis, of endogenous and environmental variables, respectively. The first line of research has been focused on the hypothesis that the two main forms of clinical expression of PCOS, the strictly linked to hyperandrogenism and that one associated to insulin resistance, represent distinct disease entities and are, consequently, supported by different pathogenetic mechanisms. This hypothesis finds its origin on the fact that these two forms determine distinguishable endocrine and metabolic profiles. Nevertheless, there are no studies 5 investigating whether the PCOS phenotype differently alters the morphology gonads . On this basis, a clinical observational study has been conducted in PCOS women, aimed at evaluating the relationship between ultrasound pictures of polycystic ovaries and the endocrine-metabolic state of patients. The second line of research stems from the hypothesis of a possible role of environmental pollutants on another of the most common reproductive age pathologies: endometriosis. The disease affects 6- 10% of women and its exact etiology remains unknown. The possible role of toxic agents was proposed back in 1993 by Rier and collaborators and, since then, the interest in the impact on it of contaminants has been high. A systematic review of literature through electronic database was conducted without time restriction in order to analyze the relation between endometriosis and the most common environmental pollutants. The PhD thesis is organized in three chapters. The first two are aimed to report results from the main lines of research. A third chapter regards a parallel research experience that the PhD student started in the last year, during her fellowship at the University “Mangiagalli” of Milan (Italy). Each chapter is further divided in a first part concerning what‟s is known for any single topic and a second one dedicated to related studies done during the PhD.
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Borrelli, Rosaria (2017) Neuroendocrine axis and reproduction. [Tesi di dottorato] Preview | Text borrelli_rosaria_29.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview | | Item Type: | Tesi di dottorato | |---|---| | Resource language: | English | | Title: | Neuroendocrine axis and reproduction | | Creators: | Creators Email Borrelli, Rosaria [email protected] | | Date: | 7 April 2017 | | Number of Pages: | 114 | | Institution: | Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II | | Department: | Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche | | Dottorato: | Neuroscienze | | Ciclo di dottorato: | 29 | | Coordinatore del Corso di dottorato: | nome email Annunziato, Lucio [email protected] | | Tutor: | nome email Alviggi, Carlo UNSPECIFIED | | Date: | 7 April 2017 | | Number of Pages: | 114 | | Keywords: | gonadal axis; endogenous and exogeneous variables; PCOS; endometriosis | | Settori scientifico-disciplinari del MIUR: | Area 06 - Scienze mediche > MED/13 - Endocrinologia Area 06 - Scienze mediche > MED/40 - Ginecologia e ostetricia | | Date Deposited: | 20 Apr 2017 08:02 | | Last Modified: | 13 Mar 2018 11:28 | | URI: | http://www.fedoa.unina.it/id/eprint/11574 | | DOI: | 10.6093/UNINA/FEDOA/11574 | Collection description This PhD thesis is based on the conduct of two lines of research focused on alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis functioning. The two most common disorders of ovarian function, micropolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis, have been identified as models to assess the impact, on the axis, of endogenous and environmental variables, respectively. The first line of research has been focused on the hypothesis that the two main forms of clinical expression of PCOS, the strictly linked to hyperandrogenism and that one associated to insulin resistance, represent distinct disease entities and are, consequently, supported by different pathogenetic mechanisms. This hypothesis finds its origin on the fact that these two forms determine distinguishable endocrine and metabolic profiles. Nevertheless, there are no studies 5 investigating whether the PCOS phenotype differently alters the morphology gonads . On this basis, a clinical observational study has been conducted in PCOS women, aimed at evaluating the relationship between ultrasound pictures of polycystic ovaries and the endocrine-metabolic state of patients. The second line of research stems from the hypothesis of a possible role of environmental pollutants on another of the most common reproductive age pathologies: endometriosis. The disease affects 6- 10% of women and its exact etiology remains unknown. The possible role of toxic agents was proposed back in 1993 by Rier and collaborators and, since then, the interest in the impact on it of contaminants has been high. A systematic review of literature through electronic database was conducted without time restriction in order to analyze the relation between endometriosis and the most common environmental pollutants. The PhD thesis is organized in three chapters. The first two are aimed to report results from the main lines of research. A third chapter regards a parallel research experience that the PhD student started in the last year, during her fellowship at the University “Mangiagalli” of Milan (Italy). Each chapter is further divided in a first part concerning what‟s is known for any single topic and a second one dedicated to related studies done during the PhD. Downloads Downloads per month over past year Actions (login required) | View Item |

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