Multiscale computational analysis of the Steady Multiscale Fluid Flow through a Lymph Node

Multiscale computational analysis of the Steady Multiscale Fluid Flow through a Lymph Node | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Multiscale computational analysis of the Steady Multiscale Fluid Flow through a Lymph Node Alberto Girelli, Giulia Giantesio, Alessandro Musesti, Raimondo Penta This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4000557/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 25 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Lymph Nodes (LNs) are crucial to the immune and lymphatic systems, filtering harmful substances and regulating lymph transport. LNs consist of a lymphoid compartment (LC) that forms a porous bulk region, and a subcapsular sinus (SCS), which is a free-fluid region. Mathematical and mechanical challenges arise in understanding lymph flow dynamics. The highly vascularized lymph node connects the lymphatic and blood systems, emphasizing its essential role in maintaining the fluid balance in the body. In this work, we describe a mathematical model in a steady setting to describe the lymph transport in a lymph node. In particular, we couple the fluid flow in the SCS described by an incompressible Stokes equation with the fluid flow in LC, described by a model obtained by means of asymptotic homogenisation technique, taking into account the multiscale nature of the node and the fluid exchange with the blood vessels inside of it. We solve this model numerically and we analyze the lymph transport inside the node. Multiscale Modelling Lymph Flow Numerical Simulations Physiological Data Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 25 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 21 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 20 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 15 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 08 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 18 Mar, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Mar, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 Mar, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Mar, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 01 Mar, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 01 Mar, 2024 First submitted to journal 29 Feb, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4000557","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":275923008,"identity":"ebd84b98-2f4e-48b4-9710-2e7efdb72d04","order_by":0,"name":"Alberto Girelli","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alberto","middleName":"","lastName":"Girelli","suffix":""},{"id":275923009,"identity":"3dbd841e-2003-4963-b290-3ef6470322ce","order_by":1,"name":"Giulia Giantesio","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Giulia","middleName":"","lastName":"Giantesio","suffix":""},{"id":275923010,"identity":"29b6680f-9710-459b-8590-dbbd0088350b","order_by":2,"name":"Alessandro Musesti","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alessandro","middleName":"","lastName":"Musesti","suffix":""},{"id":275923011,"identity":"7829a42f-d858-4b53-87b3-50deb76fc894","order_by":3,"name":"Raimondo Penta","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University of Glasgow","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Raimondo","middleName":"","lastName":"Penta","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-02-29 16:40:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4000557/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4000557/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-024-01879-7","type":"published","date":"2024-09-25T15:58:16+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":65628295,"identity":"5b15be1d-a023-47dc-abea-9162d39a9346","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-30 16:18:35","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":3026782,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"AGGGAMRPBMMB29022024.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4000557/v1_covered_55ec4c21-56b2-40b5-b7b8-f6e084fbbf36.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Multiscale computational analysis of the Steady Multiscale Fluid Flow through a Lymph Node","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"biomechanics-and-modeling-in-mechanobiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bmmb","sideBox":"Learn more about [Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology](http://link.springer.com/journal/10237)","snPcode":"10237","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10237/3","title":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Multiscale Modelling, Lymph Flow, Numerical Simulations, Physiological Data","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4000557/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4000557/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Lymph Nodes (LNs) are crucial to the immune and lymphatic systems, filtering harmful substances and regulating lymph transport. \nLNs consist of a lymphoid compartment (LC) that forms a porous bulk region, and a subcapsular sinus (SCS), which is a free-fluid region. 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