Power Flux in Three-Layer Slab Waveguide with Graphene and Metamaterials

Power Flux in Three-Layer Slab Waveguide with Graphene and Metamaterials | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Power Flux in Three-Layer Slab Waveguide with Graphene and Metamaterials Nawal . N. Amsir, Hassan. A. Yasser This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8642494/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper presents a theoretical study of the electromagnetic wave propagation in a three-layer slab waveguide with a metamaterial core and graphene interfaces on each end. The dispersion relation, field distribution, and power-flux expressions are then analytically formulated to obtain the impact of the magnetic permeability of the central layer and graphene Fermi energy on the guided modes. It is found that by changing core permeability, the basic TE0 mode can be suppressed or allowed, and other higher-order modes can propagate consistently. The analysis of power flux shows how there is forward and backward energy flow, where negative values of the flux show that there is backwards-wave flow in the structure. Moreover, mode confinement and alteration in power distribution within the layers occur with an increase in Fermi energy. It is seen that graphene-metamaterial waveguides have a bright future in terms of reconfigurable photonic platforms, with potential uses in optical communication, slow-light devices, and plasmonic control technologies. slab waveguide energy flux surface plasmon polaritons Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8642494","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":587275485,"identity":"86764aed-9f7d-4131-bc83-a215e456e247","order_by":0,"name":"Nawal . N. Amsir","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Dhi Qar","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nawal","middleName":". 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