Centrosomal protein 55: Research progress on biological characteristics, disease associations and clinical translational potential (Review).

Centrosomal protein 55 (CEP55), a core member of the CEP centrosomal protein family, is a molecule that regulates cytokinesis during the end of cell division and is also extensively involved in multiple physiological processes, including genomic stability maintenance, immune regulation and embryonic development. It has been shown that CEP55 participates in pathological processes such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and immune escape by modulating multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, NF‑κB and JAK/STAT. Furthermore, it exhibits a close correlation with poor prognosis among patients with cancer. In addition, dysregulated CEP55 expression is also implicated in the pathological processes of neurological disorders, reproductive‑genetic diseases and chronic metabolic diseases. These findings highlight the potential clinical translational value of CEP55 for disease diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and targeted therapy. Based on recent domestic and international research, the present study systematically reviews the molecular biological properties, expression features and action mechanisms of CEP55 across multi‑system diseases, and summarizes its clinical application potential, to provide a theoretical reference for promoting relevant basic research and implementing precise clinical diagnosis and treatment.