Exploring the Determinants of Community-oriented Education to Anchor Relevance in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review

Abstract Background Community-oriented education is increasingly prioritized in health professions curricula but evidence on determinants for effective implementation is dispersed. This scoping review aimed to identify key determinants to guide curriculum design, implementation and evaluation. Methods Databases (PubMed, Scopus) were searched for relevant studies which were screened against eligibility criteria. Determinants were extracted, analysed thematically, and synthesized narratively. A concept framework was developed to visualize relationships between determinants. Results Of 2789 records screened, 88 studies were included. Determinants were organized into 8 themes: community needs relevance, priority health problems, integration level, community involvement, cultural sensitivity, social accountability, health systems science, and collaboration with organizations. Determinants centred on aligning education with local contexts and priorities through engaged partnerships. Relationships between determinants were hypothetical requiring further verification. Conclusion The framework offers a preliminary model of determinants that can direct further rigorous inquiry. Evidence for definitive determinants of community-oriented curricula requires validation through systematic reviews. The results provide an initial synthesis to guide curriculum development pending robust evidence.