Evolution of Eutrophication Status in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas Driven by Photovoltaic Coverage and Entropy-based Water QualityIndex Risk Warning

Evolution of Eutrophication Status in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas Driven by Photovoltaic Coverage and Entropy-based Water QualityIndex Risk Warning | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evolution of Eutrophication Status in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas Driven by Photovoltaic Coverage and Entropy-based Water QualityIndex Risk Warning Jinming Duan, Yuzhi Zhou, Yanxue Gao, Yahui Song, Xiaoyang Chen This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8323110/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Water resources in coal mining areas face various environmental issues, especially eutrophication. In this context, the present study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the seasonal effects of floating photovoltaic (FPV) coverage on water eutrophication in the coal mining subsidence area of Huainan City. In addition, the comprehensive trophic index method (TLI) was employed to evaluate the eutrophication levels of water quality in the study area. The major factors influencing the eutrophication process were further identified using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. The risk of eutrophication in the water bodies of the study area was also evaluated under different FPV coverage based on the entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI) model. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) reached the highest concentrations in summer, reaching 2.2 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively, and thus exceeding the Class IV water quality standard. These high concentrations were due to the promoting effects of increased water temperature on N and P cycling. The FPV coverage negatively influenced the light and heat conditions of the water bodies through shading, weakening the self-purification ability of the water bodies and, consequently, promoting nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) accumulation. According to the TLI results, the new-FPV (N), high-FPV (H), low-FPV (L), and control-FPV (CK) had anaerobic (TLI = 29.55), mesotrophic (TLI = 30.66), mildly eutrophic (TLI = 51.66), and mesotrophic (TLI = 39.42) conditions, respectively. The PCA results demonstrated the strong triggering effect of TN on the eutrophication of the water bodies. The EWQI model further revealed that the eutrophication risk level of L reached the early warning class (EWQI = 18.1) due to the high TN concentrations, exceeding 1.25 mg/L. In contrast, the N and H zones were classified as safe and generally safe, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrated the mitigation effects of FPV coverage on eutrophication, providing a theoretical basis for the management of water environments in coal mining subsidence areas. Coal mining subsidence areas Photovoltaic coverage Entropy weighted water quality index Eutrophication Risk warning Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8323110","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":574014808,"identity":"5b611bbe-6f63-4463-8be9-a6d2e48c9ac8","order_by":0,"name":"Jinming Duan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jinming","middleName":"","lastName":"Duan","suffix":""},{"id":574014812,"identity":"f20805b5-8514-4953-a83f-b72dc228e643","order_by":1,"name":"Yuzhi Zhou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Anhui University of Science and 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by Photovoltaic Coverage and Entropy-based Water QualityIndex Risk Warning","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Coal mining subsidence areas, Photovoltaic coverage, Entropy weighted water quality index, Eutrophication, Risk warning","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8323110/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8323110/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWater resources in coal mining areas face various environmental issues, especially eutrophication. In this context, the present study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the seasonal effects of floating photovoltaic (FPV) coverage on water eutrophication in the coal mining subsidence area of Huainan City. In addition, the comprehensive trophic index method (TLI) was employed to evaluate the eutrophication levels of water quality in the study area. The major factors influencing the eutrophication process were further identified using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. The risk of eutrophication in the water bodies of the study area was also evaluated under different FPV coverage based on the entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI) model. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) reached the highest concentrations in summer, reaching 2.2 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively, and thus exceeding the Class IV water quality standard. These high concentrations were due to the promoting effects of increased water temperature on N and P cycling. The FPV coverage negatively influenced the light and heat conditions of the water bodies through shading, weakening the self-purification ability of the water bodies and, consequently, promoting nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) accumulation. According to the TLI results, the new-FPV (N), high-FPV (H), low-FPV (L), and control-FPV (CK) had anaerobic (TLI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;29.55), mesotrophic (TLI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;30.66), mildly eutrophic (TLI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;51.66), and mesotrophic (TLI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;39.42) conditions, respectively. The PCA results demonstrated the strong triggering effect of TN on the eutrophication of the water bodies. The EWQI model further revealed that the eutrophication risk level of L reached the early warning class (EWQI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;18.1) due to the high TN concentrations, exceeding 1.25 mg/L. In contrast, the N and H zones were classified as safe and generally safe, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrated the mitigation effects of FPV coverage on eutrophication, providing a theoretical basis for the management of water environments in coal mining subsidence areas.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Evolution of Eutrophication Status in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas Driven by Photovoltaic Coverage and Entropy-based Water QualityIndex Risk Warning","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-01-14 05:05:01","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8323110/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3d37b833-0b91-4db0-8f2e-101c77d6ae58","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 14th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-11T18:38:25+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-01-14 05:05:01","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8323110","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8323110","identity":"rs-8323110","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}