Performance Enhancement of a Compact Automatic Packaging Machine Using a Modified TID Controller

Performance Enhancement of a Compact Automatic Packaging Machine Using a Modified TID Controller | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Performance Enhancement of a Compact Automatic Packaging Machine Using a Modified TID Controller Mohamed A. Shamseldin, Hasan Eleashy, S. El-Khatib This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Continuous improvement in packaging systems plays a vital role in enhancing industrial productivity and investment efficiency. This paper presents the design and development of a compact automatic packaging machine for granular products. The proposed system emphasizes compactness, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly operation through a human–machine interface (HMI). The mechanical structure includes a granular feeding unit, film-forming mechanism, and sealing system, all designed and analyzed using SOLIDWORKS to ensure structural integrity under operational loads. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is employed to manage the sequential operations of the machine and allow flexible adjustment for various product types, bag sizes, and weights. To further enhance the system’s control performance, a Modified TID (Three-Integral Derivative) controller is designed and evaluated through simulation. The simulation results demonstrate that the Modified TID control outperforms conventional PID control in terms of settling time and overshoot, indicating its potential for improving motion accuracy and packaging stability in future implementations. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Packaging machines Prototype Granular product TID control Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 05 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 26 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 24 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 13 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 10 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 26 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 25 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9163694","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":624586899,"identity":"4cf9908b-4997-493f-a366-20f71370732e","order_by":0,"name":"Mohamed A. Shamseldin","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Future University in Egypt","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohamed","middleName":"A.","lastName":"Shamseldin","suffix":""},{"id":624586906,"identity":"7319e8b2-f13b-485c-ae69-3043b7f5dea9","order_by":1,"name":"Hasan Eleashy","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Future University in Egypt","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hasan","middleName":"","lastName":"Eleashy","suffix":""},{"id":624586909,"identity":"5d4a5cb3-7958-405e-8795-d0868a3600fd","order_by":2,"name":"S. El-Khatib","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Future University in Egypt","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"S.","middleName":"","lastName":"El-Khatib","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-19 00:53:30","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107486999,"identity":"5fea174d-3f42-4a7e-9365-cb22e9388a8f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-22 02:39:32","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":941646,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptscientificreports.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9163694/v1_covered_b9a6beec-d314-4049-8094-dee029b664d1.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Performance Enhancement of a Compact Automatic Packaging Machine Using a Modified TID Controller","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Packaging machines, Prototype, Granular product, TID control","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eContinuous improvement in packaging systems plays a vital role in enhancing industrial productivity and investment efficiency. This paper presents the design and development of a compact automatic packaging machine for granular products. The proposed system emphasizes compactness, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly operation through a human\u0026ndash;machine interface (HMI). The mechanical structure includes a granular feeding unit, film-forming mechanism, and sealing system, all designed and analyzed using SOLIDWORKS to ensure structural integrity under operational loads. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is employed to manage the sequential operations of the machine and allow flexible adjustment for various product types, bag sizes, and weights. To further enhance the system\u0026rsquo;s control performance, a Modified TID (Three-Integral Derivative) controller is designed and evaluated through simulation. The simulation results demonstrate that the Modified TID control outperforms conventional PID control in terms of settling time and overshoot, indicating its potential for improving motion accuracy and packaging stability in future implementations.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Performance Enhancement of a Compact Automatic Packaging Machine Using a Modified TID Controller","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-20 06:29:40","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9163694/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-05T04:28:49+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-26T08:14:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-24T07:44:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"163369590966277958737773585503195001583","date":"2026-04-17T00:06:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"321679480110247875160907358504457369027","date":"2026-04-16T03:06:30+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"22312762230874564843180316407696463788","date":"2026-04-13T14:48:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-13T10:06:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-10T10:54:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2026-03-26T11:34:19+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T08:37:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2026-03-25T08:26:52+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"131fd7b2-d659-4a79-9585-ae6b291ba9bf","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 20th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-05T04:28:49+00:00","index":58,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":66479090,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"},{"id":66479091,"name":"Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-20T06:29:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-20 06:29:40","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9163694","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9163694","identity":"rs-9163694","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}