Enhancing the adoption of water-saving technologies in India’s Agriculture: The determinants across four states of India

Enhancing the adoption of water-saving technologies in India’s Agriculture: The determinants across four states of India | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Enhancing the adoption of water-saving technologies in India’s Agriculture: The determinants across four states of India Gurpreet Singh, Vasant Gandhi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889825/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract India's food security is facing increasing threats from climate change, urbanization, affluence, and population growth. The nation grapples with low water use efficiencies, estimated at 25% to 35%, largely due to inadequate adoption of water-saving micro-irrigation (MI) technology. Recognizing the critical state of food security, this research delves into the barriers hindering the adoption of MI technology to address these challenges. The study employs a comprehensive conceptual framework for technology adoption, considering agronomic and agro-economic factors, effective demand, and aggregate supply constraints faced by farmers. Analyzing data from 501 adopters and non-adopters in four states, the research uses binomial and multiple regression analyses, along with assessing perception responses to identify key challenges in adoption. Among the findings, institutional support emerges as a crucial factor influencing technology adoption. Elements such as subsidy delivery, information dissemination, credit availability, and altering perceptions about water abundance significantly impact adoption rates. Wildlife damage to micro-irrigation systems is identified as a major threat, emphasizing the need for interventions to address this issue. The study underscores the importance of government interventions targeting these factors to encourage adoption rates, highlighting the potential for strategic measures such as a special purpose vehicle model for institutional support. Improving access to subsidies, information dissemination, and altering perceptions about water availability are identified as key strategies not only benefiting farmers but also contributing to national water conservation efforts and long-term food security. water conservation water saving technology adoption micro-irrigation special purpose vehicle Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files GraphicalAbstract.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3889825","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":269534204,"identity":"49e41ee7-5680-4e7a-98c9-0e90c64abc11","order_by":0,"name":"Gurpreet Singh","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCQaDw38QXBseNiiLB48WwwNw2QMMaURpMUbWcpiwu8ylmzcckPh1ON9c+vDBxx/+nJfhEzv8gOFHDYOMOQ4tlnOOFRww7DtsubMvLdngYNttHjbpNAPGnmMMPJYN2LUY3MgxOJDYc9jA4AyPmcTBBpCWBAMG3gYGHoMDeLQcBGvh//7jwJ9zQC3pHxj/EtBysOEH2BY2hgNsB4BacgyY8dliOSOt4DBjQ7qBZQ+bscTZtmSQloLDMsckcGoxl0je/Jnhj7WBOQ/zww8Vf+zs5Wenb3z4psbGHqfDQARjG5QBAwdA8YULQFT+QdMyCkbBKBgFowAZAAAeuV0SkgbU0wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Diageo","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gurpreet","middleName":"","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""},{"id":269534205,"identity":"98155d47-036b-40a4-aee3-176f6a06e8f9","order_by":1,"name":"Vasant Gandhi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vasant","middleName":"","lastName":"Gandhi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-01-23 04:20:27","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889825/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889825/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":76236452,"identity":"5a6bb950-fdb3-4b1d-adc3-c9640fa0a011","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-13 20:46:45","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":934801,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptIrrigationScience.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3889825/v1_covered_8bd2f3f8-6113-446d-becc-939be04063f6.pdf"},{"id":50347431,"identity":"7edb5364-e80e-461c-9413-d822b3a3d72a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-30 06:50:09","extension":"pdf","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":330259,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"GraphicalAbstract.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3889825/v1/ca904dabea456e497b1d5263.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Enhancing the adoption of water-saving technologies in India’s Agriculture: The determinants across four states of India","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"water conservation, water saving, technology adoption, micro-irrigation, special purpose vehicle","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889825/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889825/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIndia's food security is facing increasing threats from climate change, urbanization, affluence, and population growth. 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