A CPT modified interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy PROMETHEE II model to prioritize risks in self-driving vehicles

A CPT modified interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy PROMETHEE II model to prioritize risks in self-driving vehicles | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A CPT modified interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy PROMETHEE II model to prioritize risks in self-driving vehicles Naijie Chai, Wenliang Zhou, Gabriel Lodewijks This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3047957/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract With the increasing development of self-driving vehicles, there are various substantial risks in the interaction between automated driving technology and conventional transport system along with users, how to prioritize the risks involved in self-driving vehicles is regarded as a considerably complex multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. In response to this, this study aims to propose a novel hybrid MCDM method for quantitatively identifying and prioritizing major types of risks related to self-driving vehicles, and addressing the main issues in the decision process, including information loss, criteria attribute and risk preference. The interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set is used to express double uncertainties on the mutual influence degree among criteria performances associated with each alternative. A combination weight method is developed to measure criteria weight and to investigate the interaction between criteria. And a cumulative prospect theory modified PROMETHEE II model considering criteria properties and risk preference simultaneously is developed to prioritize risks in self-driving vehicles. The findings of this study indicate that the Cyber Attack Risk (A2), Reputational Risk (A1) and Internet Outage Risk (A3) are specified as the top three prioritized risks. The sensitivity analysis illustrates that the final prioritization of risks is influenced by changing criteria weight, criteria properties and risk preference. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the proposed model turns out to be very practicable and feasible, due to its large distinction degree. Risk prioritization of self-driving vehicles MCDM Hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set Cumulative prospect theory PROMETHEE II model Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3047957","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":209264510,"identity":"ce4fa8b5-b885-4141-9366-40055929ffe5","order_by":0,"name":"Naijie Chai","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCQaGA0CSmY2B+QBE5ADxWtgSiNcCBTwGxGnhn9388HBBjQU7H3vPx48/2xjk+G4kMH4uwGfJnWMGh2ccAzqM5+xmad42BmPJGwnM0jPwaDGQSDA4zMMG1CKRu42ZsY0hccONBDZmHrxa0j8c5vkH1CL/5hkj0GH1RGjJMTjM2wayhYeNAeiwBANCWiRu5BQc5u0D+SXNWJrnnIThzDMPm6XxaeGfkb75M8+3umT59sMPP/4os5HnO5588DM+LTCQDLMViBkbiNDAwGBHlKpRMApGwSgYmQAA87BDYaZJYOAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Central South University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Naijie","middleName":"","lastName":"Chai","suffix":""},{"id":209264511,"identity":"ee11b918-5964-46e0-826a-bc4d97a84fac","order_by":1,"name":"Wenliang Zhou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Central South University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenliang","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhou","suffix":""},{"id":209264512,"identity":"4fac4ac9-411f-4f97-99a5-c1b921b0c667","order_by":2,"name":"Gabriel Lodewijks","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The University of Newcastle","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gabriel","middleName":"","lastName":"Lodewijks","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-06-11 02:14:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3047957/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3047957/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":42287425,"identity":"c748b964-66f7-41b8-8837-b72e8b963616","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-08-29 08:07:49","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1770751,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3047957/v1_covered_113bca8c-389d-4236-9e4f-15c150630b51.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"A CPT modified interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy PROMETHEE II model to prioritize risks in self-driving vehicles","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Risk prioritization of self-driving vehicles, MCDM, Hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set, Cumulative prospect theory, PROMETHEE II model","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3047957/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3047957/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"With the increasing development of self-driving vehicles, there are various substantial risks in the interaction between automated driving technology and conventional transport system along with users, how to prioritize the risks involved in self-driving vehicles is regarded as a considerably complex multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. 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