Field perturbation facilitates parallel electron paramagnetic resonance detection

Field perturbation facilitates parallel electron paramagnetic resonance detection | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Field perturbation facilitates parallel electron paramagnetic resonance detection Chun Him Lee, Jan Korvink, Mazin Jouda This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy stands out as a powerful analytical technique with extensive applications in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and material sciences. It proves invaluable for investigating the molecular structure and reaction mechanisms of substances containing unpaired electrons, such as metal complexes, organic and inorganic radicals, and intermediate states in chemical reactions. However, despite their remarkable capabilities, EPR systems face significant limitations in terms of sample throughput, as current commercial systems only target the analysis of one sample at a time. Here we introduce a novel scheme for conducting ultra-high frequency (UHF) continuous-wave EPR (CW EPR) targeting the EPR spectroscopy of multiple microliter volume samples in parallel. Our proof-of-principle prototype involves two decoupled detection cells equipped with high qualty factor Q = 104 solenoidal coils tuned to 488MHz and 589MHz, ensuring a significant frequency gap for effective radio frequency (RF) decoupling between the channels. To further enhance electromagnetic decoupling, an orthogonal alignment of the coils was adopted. The paper further presents an innovative radiofrequency circuit concept that utilizes a single physical RF channel to simultaneously conduct parallel EPR on up to eight cells. Parallel EPR experiments on two BDPA samples, each with a sample volume of 18.3 μL, registered signal-to-noise ratios of 255 and 252 for the two EPR measurement cells, with no observable coupling. The showcased prototype, built using cost-effective commercially available fabrication technology, is readily scalable and represents an initial step with promising potential for advancing sample screening with high-throughput parallel EPR. Physical sciences/Engineering/Electrical and electronic engineering Physical sciences/Chemistry/Analytical chemistry Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. J.G.K. is a shareholder of Voxalytic GmbH, a spinout company that produces microscale NMR detectors. The other authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 15 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 07 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 02 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Mar, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Mar, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Mar, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 22 Mar, 2024 Editor invited by journal 22 Mar, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 22 Mar, 2024 First submitted to journal 13 Mar, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4094746","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":283297983,"identity":"1dc0c03d-71d7-4e8f-8d40-06e5d0d518b3","order_by":0,"name":"Chun Him Lee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chun","middleName":"Him","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":283297984,"identity":"6a5a8c7e-a83d-48cd-8e7e-068af12dc350","order_by":1,"name":"Jan Korvink","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jan","middleName":"","lastName":"Korvink","suffix":""},{"id":283297985,"identity":"f160b9d3-ffc4-4ece-bac2-ea0dd7accada","order_by":2,"name":"Mazin Jouda","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCAwwMbEAqgfFhgwGIn0C8FmbDBgMD4rRAQQKbZAMDEVp0248/PFzAwCdncDz5WeWMgj8M/Ow5Bni1mJ1JSDg8g4HN2ODMM7ObG4AOk+x5Q0DLgYQDh3kY2BI33Egwu/kAqMXgBiFbzj9sgGpJ/1YI0mJPUMuNZAaolhwzRpDDDCQIankG1GLAZix55k2x5AwDYx6JM88KCDgs/fFnnopjcnzH0zd+7PkjJ8ffnrwBrxYIMDgGZ/IQoRwMaohVOApGwSgYBSMRAACk2UiToPWBiAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mazin","middleName":"","lastName":"Jouda","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-13 16:35:12","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":53438421,"identity":"2aad3ee9-ad25-4b53-9014-b2abc8fd80dc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-26 02:53:24","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1143483,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"submissionparallelEPR.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4094746/v1_covered_a44e3aa1-3581-4c43-a5fe-08f087b673e2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. J.G.K. is a shareholder of Voxalytic GmbH, a spinout company that produces microscale NMR detectors. The other authors\ndeclare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"Field perturbation facilitates parallel electron paramagnetic resonance detection","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy stands out as a powerful analytical technique with extensive applications in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and material sciences. It proves invaluable for investigating the molecular structure and reaction mechanisms of substances containing unpaired electrons, such as metal complexes, organic and inorganic radicals, and intermediate states in chemical reactions. However, despite their remarkable capabilities, EPR systems face significant limitations in terms of sample throughput, as current commercial systems only target the analysis of one sample at a time. Here we introduce a novel scheme for conducting ultra-high frequency (UHF) continuous-wave EPR (CW EPR) targeting the EPR spectroscopy of multiple microliter volume samples in parallel. Our proof-of-principle prototype involves two decoupled detection cells equipped with high qualty factor Q = 104 solenoidal coils tuned to 488MHz and 589MHz, ensuring a significant frequency gap for effective radio frequency (RF) decoupling between the channels. To further enhance electromagnetic decoupling, an orthogonal alignment of the coils was adopted. The paper further presents an innovative radiofrequency circuit concept that utilizes a single physical RF channel to simultaneously conduct parallel EPR on up to eight cells. Parallel EPR experiments on two BDPA samples, each with a sample volume of 18.3 μL, registered signal-to-noise ratios of 255 and 252 for the two EPR measurement cells, with no observable coupling. The showcased prototype, built using cost-effective commercially available fabrication technology, is readily scalable and represents an initial step with promising potential for advancing sample screening with high-throughput parallel EPR.","manuscriptTitle":"Field perturbation facilitates parallel electron paramagnetic resonance detection","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-03-26 02:45:07","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4094746/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-04-15T07:59:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-04-07T18:08:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-04-02T13:42:34+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"4e07edd5-987f-41c9-a7a4-f2426d24b279","date":"2024-03-31T14:14:14+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"fd8ba01e-6e5e-4028-8fd5-7d1b604f54a7","date":"2024-03-29T19:45:10+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-03-29T13:56:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-03-22T12:27:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2024-03-22T12:01:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-03-22T11:59:33+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-03-13T16:33:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b23a91e7-d16e-4c1f-a170-016679b13b07","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 26th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":29824011,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering/Electrical and electronic engineering"},{"id":29824012,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Analytical chemistry"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-05-18T09:30:52+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-03-26 02:45:07","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4094746","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4094746","identity":"rs-4094746","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}