Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization

Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization Sean Robert Maloney This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Measurement of plasma (serum) 25(OH)D3, levels, (the precursor of active vitamin D) is the current method of evaluating vitamin D status. The measurement of active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its precursor, 25(OH)D 3 , in the serum does not always reflect the overall active vitamin D synthesis and utilization by the body. This may be especially true during periods of increased demand for this hormone. Active vitamin D synthesis and degradation can occur simultaneously and is often entirely an intracellular process. The process whereby much of active vitamin D is synthesized and degraded and how it is transported out of the cell and body is presented. A method of determining active vitamin D levels, synthesis, degradation, and utilization is also presented based on the measurement of the end metabolites of active vitamin D and of its precursor vitamin D. Unlike other vitamins, active vitamin D is a hormone acting on many receptor sites in the body and it is an essential modulator of the immune system. The vitamin D hormone plays an active role in the initial suppression of invading microbials including viruses and in subduing the body’s inflammatory response to acute viral infections and reactivation of latent viruses. The conversion of precursor vitamin D supplements to active vitamin D may be hindered in individuals with elevated body mass Index (BMI) or percent body fat when initial stores of vitamin D precursors are low and demand for active vitamin D increases suddenly such as during acute systemic infections, trauma, or other physiological stressors. In this paper, a molar balance approach involving vitamin D end metabolites is used to estimate fluctuating active vitamin D levels, synthesis, and demand. The ability to estimate active vitamin D levels, and synthesis may allow the establishment of actual active vitamin D levels in the body needed to suppress COVID-19 virus replication and to decrease COVID-19 virus stimulation of an exaggerated immune system inflammatory response. Determining actual active vitamin D levels and percent utilization/demand may prove vital in the treatment and monitoring of individuals with acute and sometimes life-threatening infections. This new information may allow clinicians to quickly adjust intervention with calcitriol, active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , in order to achieve rapid suppression of viruses such as the COVID-19 virus and improvement in immune system’s ability to control its inflammatory response. Vitamin D Viral Replication Inflammatory Response Immune System COVID-19 Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1637864","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":104563848,"identity":"c7ae1295-7ce9-43a0-95eb-212cc7dca07b","order_by":0,"name":"Sean Robert Maloney","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC+flnDBgegFjMzAeI02JwI6+AIQHEYmdLIFKLRP4HiBZ+HgNiteRu/JBQcUfO4DDP140/dzDI84sRcKD8/LObJRLOPDM2OMy77TbvGQbDmbMJOfA+7waJxLbDiRtAWhjbGBIMbhPScrPH+AdQS/2GwzzPbv4kSsuNM2YgWxKAfmG7wUuMFoMbOWYWCWcOG848zGZ2m7dNgrBf5GfkGN/4UHFYnu/8YZDDbOT5pQk5DAYUDoApCSKVg61rIEHxKBgFo2AUjCwAAKnnTQNdRxNHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sean","middleName":"Robert","lastName":"Maloney","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-05-09 10:50:00","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":21300380,"identity":"80d91cd9-0e82-418b-9260-6dd1cd85377b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-05-10 18:49:28","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":597547,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"APaper11bDetermofActiveVitDlevelsSynthUtilizat.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1637864/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1637864/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Vitamin D, Viral Replication, Inflammatory Response, Immune System, COVID-19","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Measurement of plasma (serum) 25(OH)D3, levels, (the precursor of active vitamin D) is the current method of evaluating vitamin D status. The measurement of active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its precursor, 25(OH)D 3 , in the serum does not always reflect the overall active vitamin D synthesis and utilization by the body. This may be especially true during periods of increased demand for this hormone. Active vitamin D synthesis and degradation can occur simultaneously and is often entirely an intracellular process. The process whereby much of active vitamin D is synthesized and degraded and how it is transported out of the cell and body is presented. A method of determining active vitamin D levels, synthesis, degradation, and utilization is also presented based on the measurement of the end metabolites of active vitamin D and of its precursor vitamin D.\n\nUnlike other vitamins, active vitamin D is a hormone acting on many receptor sites in the body and it is an essential modulator of the immune system. The vitamin D hormone plays an active role in the initial suppression of invading microbials including viruses and in subduing the body’s inflammatory response to acute viral infections and reactivation of latent viruses. The conversion of precursor vitamin D supplements to active vitamin D may be hindered in individuals with elevated body mass Index (BMI) or percent body fat when initial stores of vitamin D precursors are low and demand for active vitamin D increases suddenly such as during acute systemic infections, trauma, or other physiological stressors.\n\nIn this paper, a molar balance approach involving vitamin D end metabolites is used to estimate fluctuating active vitamin D levels, synthesis, and demand. The ability to estimate active vitamin D levels, and synthesis may allow the establishment of actual active vitamin D levels in the body needed to suppress COVID-19 virus replication and to decrease COVID-19 virus stimulation of an exaggerated immune system inflammatory response. Determining actual active vitamin D levels and percent utilization/demand may prove vital in the treatment and monitoring of individuals with acute and sometimes life-threatening infections. This new information may allow clinicians to quickly adjust intervention with calcitriol, active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , in order to achieve rapid suppression of viruses such as the COVID-19 virus and improvement in immune system’s ability to control its inflammatory response.","manuscriptTitle":"Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-05-10 18:49:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1637864/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"f2433d08-17fd-42d7-8739-49db04971e61","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 10th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-05-10T18:49:13+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-05-10 18:49:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1637864","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1637864","identity":"rs-1637864","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"-HB7Z8yhvgn0wM9Nzuekk","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}