Determination of the Reference Density of Oil and Liquid Petroleum Derivatives

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Abstract The storage of products at an oil and petroleum derivatives terminal primarily requires quantitative measurement during the processes of receipt, delivery, and storage. Measurement of density is required in many applications within the hydrocarbon industry, including the measurement of mass and volumetric flow, detection and quality control, as well as the determination of concentration. Modern technology provides the capability to measure density using a densitometer as a standalone device, or by means of a Coriolis meter, which simultaneously enables the measurement of both density and liquid flow rate. In this paper we proposed the formula that enables direct calculation of the reference density of the measured fluid. The advantages of the proposed formula are significant, as it eliminates the error introduced by the API tables, which provide only averaged density values valid for wider density ranges. In addition, the proposed formula solves the problem of cases where data for certain liquids are not available in the API tables. Since density is a key parameter in loss control systems, and considering the importance and application of reference density in quality control processes, where high accuracy is crucial, there is significant justification for further research and application of the newly proposed formula. In this paper, the analysis is based on data and measurement results obtained during the diesel fuel transfer process at the “Ilinden” – Makpetrol Skopje terminal in North Macedonia.
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Analysis of the Production Cost of a Unit of Biodiesel Production in the Biodiesel Plant | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Analysis of the Production Cost of a Unit of Biodiesel Production in the Biodiesel Plant Iva Batić, Miroljub Babić This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8201995/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract Biodiesel is a motor fuel that is obtained by transforming rapeseed, soybean or other vegetable oils into methyl esters of fatty acids through an esterification reaction with methanol. It can be used in diesel engines with little or no modification and is often blended with petroleum diesel. In this paper, as part of the economic analysis, an analysis of the cost price of the production of a unit of biodiesel products is given. It is shown which parameters affect the cost price of the unit of the product produced in the biodiesel production plant. Analyzed biodiesel plant is in Skopje in North Macedonia with a projected capacity of 20,000 tons of biodiesel per year. Also, a comparative analysis of different cases was done: the case where during the design and implementation of the production plant the capacity of the production plant would be increased to the level of 25,000 tons of produced biodiesel, as well as to the level of 30,000 tons of produced biodiesel. It was also shown how the use a sufficient level of soybean oil would affect on the cost price of the unit of the biodiesel product. All the data that are used in this research are obtained based on the actual data of this biodiesel plant. biodiesel oilseed rape cost price Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. 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