RNA in-situ hybridization for pathology-based diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP): current diagnostics for FIP and comparison to the current gold standard

doi:10.32388/nun8kb.2

RNA in-situ hybridization for pathology-based diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP): current diagnostics for FIP and comparison to the current gold standard

2022 · doi:10.32388/nun8kb.2

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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-16 ⓘ

This study compared RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting feline coronavirus in FIP-positive cat tissues, finding ISH displayed more intense and abundant staining.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-16 · read from full text ⓘ

This paper reviews current diagnostic approaches for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and compares them with RNA in-situ hybridization methods used for pathology-based diagnosis, relative to the existing diagnostic gold standard. Across the discussion, the authors focus on how RNA in-situ hybridization performs as a diagnostic tool in tissue samples and contrast it to the established reference method. A key limitation is that the provided text excerpt does not include the detailed experimental results, quantitative performance metrics, or explicit caveats from the full paper. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a systemic disease of cats caused by a highly pathogenic variant of feline coronavirus, or FCoV. Two distinct genotypes of FCoV exist (also referred to as serotypes): Type 1 viruses constitute the vast majority of FIP cases, while type 2 viruses are responsible for the remaining infections. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) currently serves as the gold standard for diagnosis of FIP; however, IHC is limited by variations in sensitivity. RNA in situ hybridization (RNA ISH) has an established foothold in infectious disease diagnostics and presents a potentially improved method for detection of FIP. This proof-of-concept study evaluated the efficacy of RNA ISH probes targeted to FCoV, as compared to IHC using monoclonal antibody FIP 3-70. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from FIP-positive cats were used for ISH, with the presence of RNA determined chromogenically. ISH tissue slides were then compared to their IHC counterparts, with efficacy determined based on metrics including staining intensity and abundance. Positive ISH staining on tissue was found to be both more intense and abundant than for IHC, suggesting that ISH serves as a highly sensitive method for the detection of FCoV/FIP in comparison to IHC - a finding that awaits further validation.

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