Study On The Application Effect Of Energy-based Solid Beverage in Nutritional Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Newly Placed Tubes

Study On The Application Effect Of Energy-based Solid Beverage in Nutritional Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Newly Placed Tubes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Study On The Application Effect Of Energy-based Solid Beverage in Nutritional Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Newly Placed Tubes Jia Deng, Yilin Zeng, Zhiming Ye, Dai Chen, Dan Wang, Lili Deng, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective: To explore the clinical effect of postoperative nutritional intervention using energy-based solid drinks for peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed dialysis tubes. Methods: Patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis tube placement in Guangdong Province people's hospital during 1 Aug 2022 to 31 Dec 2023 were taken as study subjects. Control group used traditional dietary education and intelligent software for home dietary supervision, and the experimental group added energy-based solid drinks on the basis of the control group, comparing the laboratory results and nutritional scores of the two groups at one month and three months after the intervention. Result: The difference between the albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group and the control group one month after the intervention was statistically significant ; the difference between the albumin, blood sodium and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group and the control group three months after the intervention was statistically significant . Conclusion: Nutritional intervention with energy-based solid beverages in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes can enhance patient nutrition in the three months. peritoneal dialysis nutritional intervention nursing application effect Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1. Introduction Peritoneal dialysis is one of the important treatments for end-stage renal disease, which can remove metabolic wastes from the body, alleviate clinical symptoms, and play a role in the protection of residual renal function, and its effect has been affirmed by a wide range of medical practitioners [ 1 – 2 ] , however, the management of complications is a crucial part of the treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients. Previous studies have suggested that malnutrition is one of the most common complications of peritoneal dialysis [ 3 ] . Currently, there are about 272,000 peritoneal dialysis patients worldwide, being treated with peritoneal dialysis [ 4 ] , accounting for 11% of the global dialysis population [ 4 – 5 ] . According to relevant statistics, at present, the number of peritoneal dialysis patients in China has exceeded 160,000, and the trend is increasing year by year, which has a serious impact on the life and health of patients and quality of life [ 6 – 7 ] . The probability of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients ranges from 30–85% [ 8 – 9 ] , which is an important reason for the increase of their mortality [ 10 – 11 ] . The assessment indicators of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients include BMI, hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (Alb), total serum protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), creatinine (Cr), etc. Nutritional assessment methods include the NRS2002 Nutritional Risk Screening Scale and the Subjective General Nutritional Assessment Scale (SGA), and its main clinical manifestations are weakness, emaciation, edema, dyspepsia, metabolic disorders, and may also cause anemia. disorders, in addition to anemia, infection and other complications [ 12 – 14 ] , seriously affecting the quality of peritoneal dialysis treatment. Therefore, how to carry out effective nutritional supervision and intervention for peritoneal dialysis patients is an important clinical problem we are facing now. As the removal of toxins and water of newly placed peritoneal dialysis patients is in a relative fluctuation period after receiving peritoneal dialysis tubing, the patients have a sense of satiety after leaving 1L-2L of peritoneal dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and the patients' appetite is affected after the sugar of peritoneal dialysis fluid is absorbed by the peritoneal membrane [ 15 ] , all the above factors can lead to malnutrition of the patients in the period of time after the placement of the tubing. Energy Solid Drink refers to a class of solid nutritional beverages without phosphorus and potassium, providing high-density energy, and is a kind of energy solid drink specially used for patients with chronic kidney disease. Its formula is rich in medium-chain unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids that are easily absorbed by the intestinal tract, which can provide high-density caloric energy to meet the requirements of rapid nutritional replenishment. For peritoneal dialysis patients, who are prone to a continuous decline in physical fitness, rapid and safe energy and nutrient replenishment is essential for successful treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of postoperative nutritional intervention with energy-based solid beverages in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes. 2. Data and Methods 2.1 General information This study have given informed consent and signed an informed consent form and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Province People’s hospital (KY2023-174-02),In this study, patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis with percutaneous puncture tube placement in our peritoneal dialysis center from August 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023 and were scheduled to undergo peritoneal dialysis in our hospital for regular follow-up were taken as the study subjects. Inclusion criteria: ① age ≥ 18 years old; ② CKD5 patients who choose to undergo peritoneal dialysis treatment; ③ surgery for percutaneous peritoneal dialysis tube and no postoperative complications; ④ patients with clear thinking and sense of autonomy, agreed to carry out the nutritional intervention and signed the informed consent form. Exclusion criteria: ① hemodialysis treatment at the same time; ② patients with tumors, serious organ damage, bone marrow suppression; ③ patients who can not eat orally; ④ patients with poor adherence, do not follow up on time; ⑤ patients with concurrent volume overload, need to strictly control the intake of fluids; ⑥ allergic to other nutrients used in the past. 2.2 Methods According to the method of random number table, 100 cases of study subjects were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. In the control group, nutritional courseware and food modeling were used for dietary education after tube placement, and the control group was instructed to use the smart abdominal dialysis software to register their daily diets and actively provide feedback on the diet structure at home, and nurses gave timely and targeted interventions and guidance according to the diet structure (Fig. 1 :Diagram of the diet structure of the patients' side of the smart abdominal dialysis software); the experimental group was instructed to use 60 mL of energy-type solid drink orally between meals and at night, 1:1 to water and then take it orally. The experimental group, based on the control group, was instructed to use 60 mL of energy-type solid drink, 1:1 to water, orally between meals and in the evening. The differences in peritoneal dialysis indexes, NRS2002 nutritional scores and SGA subjective nutritional scores were compared between the two groups in the preoperative, one-month postoperative and three-month postoperative periods. 3. Evaluation indicators 3.1 Anthropometric measurements Indicators mainly include height, weight and BMI. 3.2 Biochemical indicators Including hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (Alb), total serum protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P). 3.3 Nutritional status (1) NRS2002 Nutritional Risk Screening Scale, total score ≥ 3: patients are at nutritional risk and need nutritional support, combined with clinical, nutritional treatment plan. Total score < 3: nutritional risk screening was reviewed weekly. (2) Subjective Comprehensive Nutritional Assessment Scale (SGA), scoring results: normal nutrition: 7 points; mild-moderate malnutrition: 8–15 points; severe malnutrition: ≥16 points; higher scores represent poorer nutrition. 3.4 Statistical methods SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for data processing and analysis, and paired t-test and chi-square test were used for comparison before and after treatment, and the difference was considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. 4. Results 4.1 General information There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of gender, presence of diabetes mellitus, age, height and weight at baseline, (P > 0.05, Table 1 ), and there was no statistically significant difference in preoperative indicators (P > 0.05, Table 2 ). Table 1 Basic information of patients in both groups Items Groups P-value experimental control Genders Female 25 (0.5) 29 (0.58) 0.422 Male 25 (0.5) 21 (0.42) Diabetes No 40 (0.8) 41 (0.82) 0.799 Yes 10 (0.2) 9 (0.18) Age(Years) 43.9 ± 13.1 46.4 ± 11.9 0.317 Height(cm) 163.7 ± 9.8 162.9 ± 8.9 0.694 Weight(kg) 61.9 ± 12.1 61.8 ± 12.9 0.962 BMI 23.1 ± 4.0 23.2 ± 4.1 0.888 Table 2 Comparison of preoperative indicators between the two groups of patients Items Groups t-value P-value experimental control HGB (g/L) 86.6 ± 13.5 89.1 ± 14 -0.928 0.355 ALB (g/L) 34.2 ± 3.9 34.7 ± 4.4 -0.503 0.616 TP (g/L) 62.3 ± 7.7 67 ± 27.9 -1.148 0.254 PA (mg/L) 295.4 ± 69.6 292.6 ± 72 0.201 0.841 Cr (ummol/L) 822.2 ± 283.6 799.6 ± 281.2 0.401 0.69 BUN (mmol/L) 23.4 ± 11.8 20.6 ± 9.1 1.326 0.188 UA (ummol/L) 404.3 ± 126.3 435.4 ± 137.1 -1.167 0.246 K (mmol/L) 4.1 ± 0.6 3.9 ± 0.6 1.07 0.287 NA (mmol/L) 137 ± 2.7 137 ± 3.2 0.048 0.962 Ca (mmol/L) 2.2 ± 0.2 2.2 ± 0.2 -0.851 0.397 P (mmol/L) 1.5 40 (0.80) 37 (0.74) NRS2002 3 3 (0.06) 7 (0.14) SGA 7 49 (0.98) 50 (1.00) 0.315 8 1 (0.02) 0 (0.00) 4.2 Comparison of biochemical indicators and nutritional status The albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group were statistically different from those of the control group at one month postoperatively (P = 0.009; P = 0.022) (Table 3 ); the albumin, blood sodium and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group were statistically different from those of the control group at three months postoperatively (P = 0.015; P = 0.005; P = 0.021) (Table 4 ), and the use of energy-based solid drinks peritoneal dialysis patients had better albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores than the control group at one month and three months after surgery, and the mean value of blood sodium in the control group at three months after surgery was 136 ± 2.9 mmol/L, while the mean value in the experimental group was 137.7 ± 3.1 mmol/L. Table 3 Comparison of the indicators of the two groups of patients one month after surgery Items Groups t-value P-value experimental control BMI 22.7 ± 3.9 22.6 ± 3.9 0.110 0.913 HGB (g/L) 104.1 ± 14.6 107.3 ± 19.8 -0.931 0.354 ALB (g/L) 36.1 ± 3.2 34.1 ± 4.2 2.685 0.009 TP(g/L) 66.9 ± 5.8 68.8 ± 29.6 -0.461 0.646 PA(mg/L) 302 ± 72.3 291.5 ± 74.6 0.712 0.478 Cr (ummol/L) 824.4 ± 270.1 866.3 ± 262.2 -0.787 0.433 BUN (mmol/L) 18 ± 5.7 20.1 ± 7.2 -1.609 0.111 UA (ummol/L) 323.7 ± 120.4 351.6 ± 159.8 -0.986 0.326 K (mmol/L) 3.9 ± 0.5 3.7 ± 0.6 1.168 0.246 NA (mmol/L) 137.2 ± 3.4 136.6 ± 3.4 0.838 0.404 Ca (mmol/L) 2.2 ± 0.2 2.2 ± 0.2 0.467 0.641 P (mmol/L) 1.5 27 (0.54) 26 (0.52) KT/V 1.7 34 (0.68) 35 (0.70) NRS2002 3 5 (0.10) 14 (0.28) SGA 7 49 (0.98) 48 (0.96) 0.558 8 1 (0.02) 2 (0.04) Table 4 Comparison of the indicators of the two groups of patients at 3 months after surgery Items Groups t-value P-value experimental control BMI 22.3 ± 4 22.5 ± 3.8 -0.233 0.816 HGB (g/L) 115.3 ± 18.7 115.3 ± 18 -0.011 0.991 ALB (g/L) 40.1 ± 13.3 35.3 ± 3.9 2.485 0.015 TP(g/L) 68.7 ± 7.1 71.1 ± 37.7 -0.45 0.653 PA(mg/L) 323.5 ± 71.7 310.8 ± 69.5 0.902 0.369 Cr (ummol/L) 829.4 ± 363.5 906.6 ± 299.3 -1.16 0.249 BUN (mmol/L) 18.4 ± 6.6 41.8 ± 152 -1.086 0.28 UA (ummol/L) 335 ± 116.1 340.8 ± 127.9 -0.235 0.815 K (mmol/L) 3.9 ± 0.5 3.8 ± 0.8 0.794 0.429 NA (mmol/L) 137.7 ± 3.1 136 ± 2.9 2.895 0.005 Ca (mmol/L) 2.2 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.2 -1.591 0.115 P (mmol/L) 1.5 26 (0.52) 35 (0.70) KT/V 1.7 36 (0.72) 31 (0.62) NRS2002 3 3 (0.06) 11 (0.22) SGA 7 47 (0.94) 45 (0.90) 0.701 8 2 (0.04) 4 (0.08) 10 1 (0.02) 1 (0.02) 4.3 Comparison of hemoglobin, blood potassium and blood phosphorus stacked histograms between the two groups of patients Through the stacked histogram analysis by SPSS, we found that the hemoglobin, blood potassium, and blood phosphorus compliance rate of the experimental group was better than that of the control group. The percentage of patients with hemoglobin compliance rate (HGB = 100-130g/L) in the experimental group and the control group before the operation was 22% and 24%, respectively, and the hemoglobin compliance rate in the experimental group at one month and three months after the peritoneal dialysis placement was 60% and 66%, respectively, and the HGB compliance rate at one month after the operation increased by 38%, and the compliance rate at three months after the operation increased by 44%, and the hemoglobin compliance rate in the control group at one month and three months after the peritoneal dialysis placement was 60% and 66%, respectively. The hemoglobin compliance rate in the control group at one month and three months was 50% and 52%, respectively, and the HGB compliance rate increased by 26% at one month postoperatively and 28% at three months postoperatively (Fig. 2 : the green area of the stacked graph indicates the percentage of HGB compliance); the potassium compliance rate in the experimental group and the control group before peritoneal dialysis tubing placement was 74%, and the potassium compliance rate in the experimental group at one month and three months postoperatively in the patients with normal blood (3.5 mmol/L≥, ≤ 5.3 mmol/L) were 78% and 82% respectively, which were better than the 64% and 62% in the control group (Fig. 3 : the green area in the stacked graph indicates the percentage of potassium compliance); from the aspect of blood phosphorus, the preoperative blood phosphorus compliance rate in the experimental group and the control group were 38% and 44% respectively, and the percentage of patients with normal blood phosphorus in the experimental group after one month and three months were 78% and 68% respectively, better than the 64% in the control group. The percentage of patients with blood phosphorus compliance in the experimental group after one month and three months was 78% and 68%, respectively, which was better than that of the control group, which was 64% and 54% (Fig. 4 : The blue area of the stacked graph indicates the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance). 5. Discussion Malnutrition refers to the insufficient, excessive, imbalance of intake of energy and/or nutrients, with fatigue, weakness, weight and immunity loss as the main manifestations, is a common complication in patients with end-stage renal disease [ 3 , 16 – 18 ] , after turning on the peritoneal dialysis, the patients are more likely to suffer from malnutrition due to the dietary restriction and nutrient loss in the process of dialysis, and malnutrition can cause the patients' immune function to decline, the It is easy to develop various infections, aggravate anemia, water and sodium retention, and affect the cardiopulmonary function, etc. If it cannot be corrected in time, the risk of peritonitis or even death of the patient increases [ 19 – 25 ] , therefore, close tracking of nutritional status of the peritoneal dialysis patients at home and timely and effective nutritional interventions are one of the key research contents of the peritoneal dialysis professional health care workers. In this study, we used a low-potassium, low-phosphorus, high-energy energy-based solid beverage for nutritional intervention, and compared the various peritoneal dialysis indexes and the differences in NRS2002 nutritional scores and SGA subjective nutritional scores between peritoneal dialysis patients who were newly placed on peritoneal dialysis and those who did not use this nutrient after one month and three months of the use of the energy-based solid beverage, thus clarifying the value of the energy-based solid beverage in the application of the energy-based solid beverage in peritoneal dialysis patients who were newly placed on the peritoneal dialysis. patients. After the data collection and analysis of one month and three months after the operation, it showed that albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores had clear significance, and the patients' hemoglobin, potassium and phosphorus compliance rate was higher than that of the control group that did not use them, which indicated that the energy-based solid beverage had certain advantages in the nutritional intervention in the abdominal dialysis treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients with a newly placed tube in the first three months after the operation; however, due to the data information collected in the study However, due to the lack of information collected in the study, such as the analysis of the patients' blood pressure, edema and other information, so for the patients' blood sodium control, although statistically significant, but failed to clarify whether it is beneficial to the patients' dialysis treatment, and the tracking time can continue to be extended, to clarify that with the change of the patients' age of dialysis, whether the energy-based solid drinks are still able to provide effective nutritional support, to improve the quality of the treatment of the patients on dialysis and survival, and to provide an effective clinical Nutritional intervention program. Due to the small number of 100 subjects included in this study, there may be some variability in the results. The tracking situation can continue to continue to increase, and more clearly define the nutritional support effect of energy-based solid drinks. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders, as a common clinical manifestation of renal replacement therapy, are closely related to patients' quality of life and morbidity and mortality, and long-term abnormalities of calcium and phosphorus metabolism lead to hyperparathyroidism and increased PTH secretion [ 26 – 29 ] , so it is crucial to control the calcium and phosphorus situation of patients in the clinic, and the stacked histograms were analyzed in this study by SPSS, and from the aspect of blood phosphorus, although the control group was found to have a high calcium and phosphorus level after the intervention of the energy-solids beverage, the control group had a low level of blood phosphorus. After the intervention of energy-based solid drinks, the blood phosphorus compliance rate of the control group was better than that of the experimental group, but comparing with the preoperative situation, in the first month after the operation, the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate of both groups increased; and comparing with the situation of one month after the operation, the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate of the two groups in the three months after the operation declined, analyzing that with the prolongation of peritoneal dialysis, the residual renal function of the patients with PD gradually decreases, and the situation that the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate decreases gradually, which is to be further data to be shown. In conclusion, nutritional intervention with energy-based solid drinks in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes in the three months after surgery can help improve the nutritional status of patients and enhance their hemoglobin, sodium and phosphorus status. 6. Relevance of clinical practice This study provides effective clinical evidence for the nutritional support of peritoneal dialysis patients. In addition to providing better nutritional support for peritoneal dialysis patients, stabilising their electrolytes and improving the quality of dialysis, this study also provides valuable experience for the management of peritoneal dialysis patients in the centre, and specifies an effective nutritional intervention process for peritoneal dialysis patients with new tubes through the results of the practical experience, and through the sharing of the experience, allows for a wider range of peritoneal dialysis patients to health is more strongly guaranteed. Abbreviations PD peritoneal dialysis HGB hemoglobin ALB albumin TP total serum protein PA prealbumin Cr creatinine BUN urea nitrogen UA uric acid K potassium Na sodium Ca calcium P phosphorus BMI body mass index NRS2002 nutritional Risk Screening Scale 2002 SGA nutritional Assessment Scale Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate The article has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, approval number KY2023-174-02. All patients signed an informed consent form and we specify what they need to cooperate with in the study. The safety and benefit of the patient's information are ensured. Availability of data and materials The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation. Competing interest The authors have no conflict of interest. Funding Guangzhou Science and Technology Project （No. 202206080010） Acknowledgements We thank all the cases who participated in this experiment and contributed to this study, and the article members for the information follow-up, data collection, data analysis, and article design References Xiao D, Haishan W, Xueqing Y, Xiao Y. Research progress of technique failure and its risk factors in early peritoneal dialysis. Chinese Journal of Nephrology. 2022;38:144-150. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20210721-00022. Project group of "White paper on the status of peritoneal dialysis management in China". White paper on the current status of peritoneal dialysis management in China. Chinese Journal of Nephrology. 2022;38:1076-1104. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20220418-00158. Mehrotra R, Devuyst O, Davies SJ, Johnson DW. The Current State of Peritoneal Dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;27:3238-3252. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2016010112. 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Investigation of the Status Quo and Intention to Seek Healthcare Among Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in Shanghai Tertiary General Hospitals. Shanghai Nursing Journal. 2023;23:34-38. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-8399.2023.02.008. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6051735","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":421249438,"identity":"b8f3666e-2f40-4894-be09-e7fc87c846a2","order_by":0,"name":"Jia Deng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jia","middleName":"","lastName":"Deng","suffix":""},{"id":421249439,"identity":"55d5f954-77fb-43e0-9589-e6c74626ff0e","order_by":1,"name":"Yilin Zeng","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzUlEQVRIie3RMQqDMBSA4QShLnFXLJ4hJVA6BDxIl2RxSqeuDkKHdsgB0mN4gycBu3gAh25CZ08gFbp0M26F5p/fx+PxEPL5fjB8vQAIMmX5o3IkgW4ljFtgqANHEhrFGsNBVr1wJJEphCXqyfB9qHtU8uMiSfQAlnSvLEiL8wG1xalaIrvrvCXSAdukah/jyi6THBS10RRInXSOBN8UbQyx0sTElehWwEgKRsl8i3C5ZX6lHQXhGQ1t3Y8lXybf0VisGf+QtcLn8/n+ozfzO0dgvSi8HwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yilin","middleName":"","lastName":"Zeng","suffix":""},{"id":421249440,"identity":"b69f1731-b948-49e4-b420-f211c6afe66b","order_by":2,"name":"Zhiming Ye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhiming","middleName":"","lastName":"Ye","suffix":""},{"id":421249441,"identity":"5079f935-b953-41c6-bbb8-9c15a6196a39","order_by":3,"name":"Dai Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dai","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":421249442,"identity":"7b9e0708-957d-412d-be5d-3bc6189f5e5c","order_by":4,"name":"Dan Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dan","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":421249443,"identity":"54cd1eaf-db75-4e52-8fa3-cf651cca580d","order_by":5,"name":"Lili Deng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lili","middleName":"","lastName":"Deng","suffix":""},{"id":421249444,"identity":"e4791474-0af8-417b-bb4c-b396d1b74397","order_by":6,"name":"Jinlian Jian","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jinlian","middleName":"","lastName":"Jian","suffix":""},{"id":421249445,"identity":"2951a9a7-d8e7-42e0-9adf-37e06129a04e","order_by":7,"name":"Yujun Huang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yujun","middleName":"","lastName":"Huang","suffix":""},{"id":421249446,"identity":"06f5db7d-20ad-4b6c-b1fc-e5c3887483ef","order_by":8,"name":"Jingjun Peng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jingjun","middleName":"","lastName":"Peng","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-18 02:23:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":77356247,"identity":"4ad452de-1ab1-41da-9b53-b2d36ae3164e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 18:05:59","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":129958,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagram of the diet structure of the patients' side of the smart abdominal dialysis software\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6051735/v1/1d9b048ba64af826406422db.png"},{"id":77357045,"identity":"58b0e28b-8746-4787-8e0b-4706b9765f40","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 18:13:59","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":184387,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin accumulation histograms at one month and three months in the two groups of patients.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6051735/v1/e5c0c0437d4838a129244d7a.png"},{"id":77356248,"identity":"9fc742cf-c13a-4c9d-b7b8-ad477f975260","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 18:05:59","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":120148,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of preoperative and one-month and three-month postoperative histograms of blood potassium accumulation between the two groups of patients.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6051735/v1/c585d6ffa990c8ee399850a4.png"},{"id":77357050,"identity":"96175140-15e8-42b9-a640-9c3518b16550","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 18:13:59","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":188277,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of histograms of blood phosphorus accumulation in the two groups of patients before and one and three months after surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6051735/v1/786c98716b0a8bab99943949.png"},{"id":77358248,"identity":"cb18acc9-692c-4ce2-a19a-88358db2ec07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-27 18:38:00","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1503560,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6051735/v1/7120e9fd-68e7-4e3a-9750-5864189f1662.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Study On The Application Effect Of Energy-based Solid Beverage in Nutritional Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Newly Placed Tubes","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003ePeritoneal dialysis is one of the important treatments for end-stage renal disease, which can remove metabolic wastes from the body, alleviate clinical symptoms, and play a role in the protection of residual renal function, and its effect has been affirmed by a wide range of medical practitioners \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, however, the management of complications is a crucial part of the treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients. Previous studies have suggested that malnutrition is one of the most common complications of peritoneal dialysis \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Currently, there are about 272,000 peritoneal dialysis patients worldwide, being treated with peritoneal dialysis \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, accounting for 11% of the global dialysis population \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. According to relevant statistics, at present, the number of peritoneal dialysis patients in China has exceeded 160,000, and the trend is increasing year by year, which has a serious impact on the life and health of patients and quality of life \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The probability of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients ranges from 30\u0026ndash;85% \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, which is an important reason for the increase of their mortality \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The assessment indicators of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients include BMI, hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (Alb), total serum protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), creatinine (Cr), etc. Nutritional assessment methods include the NRS2002 Nutritional Risk Screening Scale and the Subjective General Nutritional Assessment Scale (SGA), and its main clinical manifestations are weakness, emaciation, edema, dyspepsia, metabolic disorders, and may also cause anemia. disorders, in addition to anemia, infection and other complications \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR13\" citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, seriously affecting the quality of peritoneal dialysis treatment. Therefore, how to carry out effective nutritional supervision and intervention for peritoneal dialysis patients is an important clinical problem we are facing now. As the removal of toxins and water of newly placed peritoneal dialysis patients is in a relative fluctuation period after receiving peritoneal dialysis tubing, the patients have a sense of satiety after leaving 1L-2L of peritoneal dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and the patients' appetite is affected after the sugar of peritoneal dialysis fluid is absorbed by the peritoneal membrane \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, all the above factors can lead to malnutrition of the patients in the period of time after the placement of the tubing.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Solid Drink refers to a class of solid nutritional beverages without phosphorus and potassium, providing high-density energy, and is a kind of energy solid drink specially used for patients with chronic kidney disease. Its formula is rich in medium-chain unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids that are easily absorbed by the intestinal tract, which can provide high-density caloric energy to meet the requirements of rapid nutritional replenishment. For peritoneal dialysis patients, who are prone to a continuous decline in physical fitness, rapid and safe energy and nutrient replenishment is essential for successful treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of postoperative nutritional intervention with energy-based solid beverages in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Data and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 General information\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e This study have given informed consent and signed an informed consent form and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Province People\u0026rsquo;s hospital (KY2023-174-02),In this study, patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis with percutaneous puncture tube placement in our peritoneal dialysis center from August 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023 and were scheduled to undergo peritoneal dialysis in our hospital for regular follow-up were taken as the study subjects. Inclusion criteria: ① age\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;18 years old; ② CKD5 patients who choose to undergo peritoneal dialysis treatment; ③ surgery for percutaneous peritoneal dialysis tube and no postoperative complications; ④ patients with clear thinking and sense of autonomy, agreed to carry out the nutritional intervention and signed the informed consent form. Exclusion criteria: ① hemodialysis treatment at the same time; ② patients with tumors, serious organ damage, bone marrow suppression; ③ patients who can not eat orally; ④ patients with poor adherence, do not follow up on time; ⑤ patients with concurrent volume overload, need to strictly control the intake of fluids; ⑥ allergic to other nutrients used in the past.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the method of random number table, 100 cases of study subjects were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. In the control group, nutritional courseware and food modeling were used for dietary education after tube placement, and the control group was instructed to use the smart abdominal dialysis software to register their daily diets and actively provide feedback on the diet structure at home, and nurses gave timely and targeted interventions and guidance according to the diet structure (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e:Diagram of the diet structure of the patients' side of the smart abdominal dialysis software); the experimental group was instructed to use 60 mL of energy-type solid drink orally between meals and at night, 1:1 to water and then take it orally. The experimental group, based on the control group, was instructed to use 60 mL of energy-type solid drink, 1:1 to water, orally between meals and in the evening. The differences in peritoneal dialysis indexes, NRS2002 nutritional scores and SGA subjective nutritional scores were compared between the two groups in the preoperative, one-month postoperative and three-month postoperative periods.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Evaluation indicators","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Anthropometric measurements\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndicators mainly include height, weight and BMI.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Biochemical indicators\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncluding hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (Alb), total serum protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3 Nutritional status\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e(1) NRS2002 Nutritional Risk Screening Scale, total score\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;3: patients are at nutritional risk and need nutritional support, combined with clinical, nutritional treatment plan. Total score\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3: nutritional risk screening was reviewed weekly.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(2) Subjective Comprehensive Nutritional Assessment Scale (SGA), scoring results: normal nutrition: 7 points; mild-moderate malnutrition: 8\u0026ndash;15 points; severe malnutrition: \u0026ge;16 points; higher scores represent poorer nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.4 Statistical methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for data processing and analysis, and paired t-test and chi-square test were used for comparison before and after treatment, and the difference was considered statistically significant at P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1 General information\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of gender, presence of diabetes mellitus, age, height and weight at baseline, (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), and there was no statistically significant difference in preoperative indicators (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic information of patients in both groups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eexperimental\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003econtrol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenders\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 (0.58)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.422\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25 (0.5)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 (0.42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiabetes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40 (0.8)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41 (0.82)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.799\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 (0.2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 (0.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge(Years)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.317\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeight(cm)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e163.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.694\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight(kg)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.962\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBMI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.888\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of preoperative indicators between the two groups of patients\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003et-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eexperimental\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003econtrol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHGB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.928\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.355\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eALB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.503\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.616\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTP (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.148\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.254\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePA (mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e295.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;69.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e292.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.201\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.841\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCr (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e822.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;283.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e799.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;281.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.401\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBUN (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.326\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUA (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e404.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;126.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e435.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;137.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.167\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eK (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.287\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.962\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCa (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.851\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.397\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 (0.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 (0.26)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.476\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40 (0.80)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37 (0.74)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNRS2002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47 (0.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43 (0.86)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.182\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 (0.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 (0.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49 (0.98)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 (1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.315\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 (0.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0 (0.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2 Comparison of biochemical indicators and nutritional status\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group were statistically different from those of the control group at one month postoperatively (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.009; P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.022) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e); the albumin, blood sodium and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group were statistically different from those of the control group at three months postoperatively (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.015; P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.005; P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.021) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e), and the use of energy-based solid drinks peritoneal dialysis patients had better albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores than the control group at one month and three months after surgery, and the mean value of blood sodium in the control group at three months after surgery was 136\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9 mmol/L, while the mean value in the experimental group was 137.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.1 mmol/L.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of the indicators of the two groups of patients one month after surgery\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003et-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eexperimental\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003econtrol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBMI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.913\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHGB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.931\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.354\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eALB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.685\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.009\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTP(g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;29.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.461\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.646\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePA(mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e302\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;72.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e291.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;74.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.712\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.478\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCr (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e824.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;270.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e866.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;262.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.787\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.433\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBUN (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.609\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUA (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;120.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e351.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;159.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.986\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.326\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eK (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.168\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e136.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.838\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.404\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCa (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.467\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.641\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 (0.46)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 (0.48)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.841\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27 (0.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 (0.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKT/V\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 (0.32)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 (0.30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.829\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34 (0.68)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 (0.70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNRS2002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45 (0.90)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 (0.72)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.022\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 (0.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (0.28)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49 (0.98)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48 (0.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.558\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 (0.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 (0.04)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of the indicators of the two groups of patients at 3 months after surgery\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003et-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eexperimental\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003econtrol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBMI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.233\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.816\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHGB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e115.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e115.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.991\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eALB (g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.485\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.015\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTP(g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;37.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.653\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePA(mg/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;71.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e310.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;69.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.902\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.369\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCr (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e829.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;363.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e906.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;299.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.249\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBUN (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;152\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.086\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUA (ummol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e335\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e340.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;127.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.815\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eK (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.794\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.429\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e136\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.895\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.005\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCa (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.591\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.115\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP (mmol/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 (0.48)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 (0.30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.065\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 (0.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 (0.70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKT/V\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 (0.28)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 (0.38)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.288\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 (0.72)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31 (0.62)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNRS2002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47 (0.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39 (0.78)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.021\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 (0.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 (0.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47 (0.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45 (0.90)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.701\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 (0.04)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 (0.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 (0.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 (0.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e4.3 Comparison of hemoglobin, blood potassium and blood phosphorus stacked histograms between the two groups of patients\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e Through the stacked histogram analysis by SPSS, we found that the hemoglobin, blood potassium, and blood phosphorus compliance rate of the experimental group was better than that of the control group. The percentage of patients with hemoglobin compliance rate (HGB\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;100-130g/L) in the experimental group and the control group before the operation was 22% and 24%, respectively, and the hemoglobin compliance rate in the experimental group at one month and three months after the peritoneal dialysis placement was 60% and 66%, respectively, and the HGB compliance rate at one month after the operation increased by 38%, and the compliance rate at three months after the operation increased by 44%, and the hemoglobin compliance rate in the control group at one month and three months after the peritoneal dialysis placement was 60% and 66%, respectively. The hemoglobin compliance rate in the control group at one month and three months was 50% and 52%, respectively, and the HGB compliance rate increased by 26% at one month postoperatively and 28% at three months postoperatively (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e: the green area of the stacked graph indicates the percentage of HGB compliance); the potassium compliance rate in the experimental group and the control group before peritoneal dialysis tubing placement was 74%, and the potassium compliance rate in the experimental group at one month and three months postoperatively in the patients with normal blood (3.5 mmol/L\u0026ge;, \u0026le;\u0026thinsp;5.3 mmol/L) were 78% and 82% respectively, which were better than the 64% and 62% in the control group (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e: the green area in the stacked graph indicates the percentage of potassium compliance); from the aspect of blood phosphorus, the preoperative blood phosphorus compliance rate in the experimental group and the control group were 38% and 44% respectively, and the percentage of patients with normal blood phosphorus in the experimental group after one month and three months were 78% and 68% respectively, better than the 64% in the control group. The percentage of patients with blood phosphorus compliance in the experimental group after one month and three months was 78% and 68%, respectively, which was better than that of the control group, which was 64% and 54% (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e: The blue area of the stacked graph indicates the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eMalnutrition refers to the insufficient, excessive, imbalance of intake of energy and/or nutrients, with fatigue, weakness, weight and immunity loss as the main manifestations, is a common complication in patients with end-stage renal disease \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR17\" citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, after turning on the peritoneal dialysis, the patients are more likely to suffer from malnutrition due to the dietary restriction and nutrient loss in the process of dialysis, and malnutrition can cause the patients' immune function to decline, the It is easy to develop various infections, aggravate anemia, water and sodium retention, and affect the cardiopulmonary function, etc. If it cannot be corrected in time, the risk of peritonitis or even death of the patient increases \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR20 CR21 CR22 CR23 CR24\" citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, therefore, close tracking of nutritional status of the peritoneal dialysis patients at home and timely and effective nutritional interventions are one of the key research contents of the peritoneal dialysis professional health care workers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, we used a low-potassium, low-phosphorus, high-energy energy-based solid beverage for nutritional intervention, and compared the various peritoneal dialysis indexes and the differences in NRS2002 nutritional scores and SGA subjective nutritional scores between peritoneal dialysis patients who were newly placed on peritoneal dialysis and those who did not use this nutrient after one month and three months of the use of the energy-based solid beverage, thus clarifying the value of the energy-based solid beverage in the application of the energy-based solid beverage in peritoneal dialysis patients who were newly placed on the peritoneal dialysis. patients. After the data collection and analysis of one month and three months after the operation, it showed that albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores had clear significance, and the patients' hemoglobin, potassium and phosphorus compliance rate was higher than that of the control group that did not use them, which indicated that the energy-based solid beverage had certain advantages in the nutritional intervention in the abdominal dialysis treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients with a newly placed tube in the first three months after the operation; however, due to the data information collected in the study However, due to the lack of information collected in the study, such as the analysis of the patients' blood pressure, edema and other information, so for the patients' blood sodium control, although statistically significant, but failed to clarify whether it is beneficial to the patients' dialysis treatment, and the tracking time can continue to be extended, to clarify that with the change of the patients' age of dialysis, whether the energy-based solid drinks are still able to provide effective nutritional support, to improve the quality of the treatment of the patients on dialysis and survival, and to provide an effective clinical Nutritional intervention program. Due to the small number of 100 subjects included in this study, there may be some variability in the results. The tracking situation can continue to continue to increase, and more clearly define the nutritional support effect of energy-based solid drinks.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders, as a common clinical manifestation of renal replacement therapy, are closely related to patients' quality of life and morbidity and mortality, and long-term abnormalities of calcium and phosphorus metabolism lead to hyperparathyroidism and increased PTH secretion \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR27 CR28\" citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, so it is crucial to control the calcium and phosphorus situation of patients in the clinic, and the stacked histograms were analyzed in this study by SPSS, and from the aspect of blood phosphorus, although the control group was found to have a high calcium and phosphorus level after the intervention of the energy-solids beverage, the control group had a low level of blood phosphorus. After the intervention of energy-based solid drinks, the blood phosphorus compliance rate of the control group was better than that of the experimental group, but comparing with the preoperative situation, in the first month after the operation, the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate of both groups increased; and comparing with the situation of one month after the operation, the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate of the two groups in the three months after the operation declined, analyzing that with the prolongation of peritoneal dialysis, the residual renal function of the patients with PD gradually decreases, and the situation that the percentage of blood phosphorus compliance rate decreases gradually, which is to be further data to be shown.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, nutritional intervention with energy-based solid drinks in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes in the three months after surgery can help improve the nutritional status of patients and enhance their hemoglobin, sodium and phosphorus status.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"6. Relevance of clinical practice","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study provides effective clinical evidence for the nutritional support of peritoneal dialysis patients. In addition to providing better nutritional support for peritoneal dialysis patients, stabilising their electrolytes and improving the quality of dialysis, this study also provides valuable experience for the management of peritoneal dialysis patients in the centre, and specifies an effective nutritional intervention process for peritoneal dialysis patients with new tubes through the results of the practical experience, and through the sharing of the experience, allows for a wider range of peritoneal dialysis patients to health is more strongly guaranteed.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003ePD \u0026nbsp;peritoneal dialysis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHGB \u0026nbsp;hemoglobin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eALB \u0026nbsp;albumin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTP \u0026nbsp;total serum protein\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePA \u0026nbsp;prealbumin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCr \u0026nbsp;creatinine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBUN \u0026nbsp;urea nitrogen\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUA \u0026nbsp;uric acid\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eK \u0026nbsp;potassium\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNa \u0026nbsp;sodium\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCa \u0026nbsp;calcium\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eP \u0026nbsp;phosphorus\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBMI \u0026nbsp;body mass index\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNRS2002 \u0026nbsp;nutritional Risk Screening Scale 2002\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSGA \u0026nbsp;nutritional Assessment Scale\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, approval number KY2023-174-02. All patients signed an informed consent form and we specify what they need to cooperate with in the study. The safety and benefit of the patient's information are ensured.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors have no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGuangzhou Science and Technology Project\u0026nbsp;（No. 202206080010）\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe thank all the cases who participated in this experiment and contributed to this study, and the article members for the information follow-up, data collection, data analysis, and article design\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiao D, Haishan W, Xueqing Y, Xiao Y. 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PMID: 37747660; PMCID: PMC10543152.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiaoning X, Xiaochan H, Huimei L, Wei D, Xiaojun T, Haihong Z. Application of Internet-based continuous nursing in home-based maintenance peritoneal dialysis. Modern Clinical Nursing. 2021;20. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8283.2021.04.010.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYilan L, Dejiao H, Zhongxiang C. Progress in training and follow-up of peritoneal dialysis patients; 2021;20: 269-272.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChinese Society of Nephrology. Guidelines for hypertension management in patients with chronic kidney disease in China (2023). Chinese Journal of Nephrology. 2023;39:48-80. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20220630-00650.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcMurray JJV, Parfrey PS, Adamson JW, Aljama P, Berns JS, Bohlius J, Dr\u0026uuml;eke TB, Finkelstein FO, Fishbane S, Ganz T, et al. Kidney disease: Improving global outcomes (KDIGO) anemia work group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:279-335. DOI: 10.1038/kisup.2012.37.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLevin A, Stevens PE, Bilous RW, Coresh J, Winearls CG. Kidney disease: Improving global outcomes (KDIGO) CKD work group. KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3:1-150. DOI: 10.1038/kisup.2012.73.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Update Work Group. KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease\u0026ndash;Mineral and BoneDisorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int Suppl. 2017;7:1-59. DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.04.001.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXuelian B, Jiayi Z, Guoliang X, Xiaoqing C. Meta-analysis on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Chinese adults. China Medicine and Pharmacy. 2022;012:49-53.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBernardini J, Nagy M, Piraino B. Pattern of noncompliance with dialysis exchanges in peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35:1104-1110. DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(00)70047-3.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGexia Z, Qian L, Yanshuang L, Jing Z, Zheng C, Xiaoyu L, Jinghua S. Application of Medical Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in the Management of Home Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Chongqing Medicine. 2022;51. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8348.2022.01.038.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHaiyan C. Effect of follow-up nursing management measures guided by WeChat platform on peritoneal dialysis at home. Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research. 2021;41:866-871. DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2021.04.021.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJohn O, Jha V. Remote Patient Management in Peritoneal Dialysis: An Answer to an Unmet Clinical Need. Contrib Nephrol. 2019;197:99-112. DOI: 10.1159/000496305.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYeter HH, Manani SM, Ronco C. The utility of remote patient management in peritoneal dialysis. Clin Kidney J. 2021;14:2483-2489. DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfab111.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLew SQ, Sikka N, Thompson C, Cherian T, Magnus M. Adoption of Telehealth: Remote Biometric Monitoring Among Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in the United States. Perit Dial Int. 2017;37:576-578. DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00272.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiu W, Yu X, Wang J, Zhou T, Yu T, Chen X, Xie S, Han F, Wang Z. Improving Kidney Outcomes in Patients With Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Through an Artificial Intelligence-Based Health Coaching Mobile App: Retrospective Cohort Study. Jmir Mhealth Uhealth. 2023;11:e45531. DOI: 10.2196/45531.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYeter HH, Akcay OF, Ronco C, Derici U. Automated Remote Monitoring for Peritoneal Dialysis and Its Impact on Blood Pressure. Cardiorenal Med. 2020;10:198-208. DOI: 10.1159/000506699.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJung HY, Jeon Y, Kim YS, Kim DK, Lee JP, Yang CW, Ko EJ, Ryu DR, Kang SW, Park JT, et al. Outcomes of Remote Patient Monitoring for Automated Peritoneal Dialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nephron. 2021;145:702-710. DOI: 10.1159/000518364.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiebuyck G, Neradova A, de Fijter C, Jakulj L. Impact of telehealth interventions added to peritoneal dialysis-care: a systematic review. Bmc Nephrol. 2022;23:292. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02869-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOlivares-Gandy HJ, Dominguez-Isidro S, Lopez-Dominguez E, Hernandez-Velazquez Y, Tapia-McClung H, Jorge D. A telemonitoring system for nutritional intake in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving peritoneal dialysis therapy. Comput Biol Med. 2019;109:1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.04.012.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilan MS, Baretta M, Giuliani A, Virzi GM, Martino F, Crepaldi C, Ronco C. Remote monitoring in peritoneal dialysis: benefits on clinical outcomes and on quality of life. J Nephrol. 2020;33:1301-1308. DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00812-2.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUchiyama K, Morimoto K, Washida N, Kusahana E, Nakayama T, Itoh T, Kasai T, Wakino S, Itoh H. Effects of a remote patient monitoring system for patients on automated peritoneal dialysis: a randomized crossover controlled trial. Int Urol Nephrol. 2022;54:2673-2681. DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03178-5.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWenwen W, Yanpei C, Yanhong G, Xiaolin G, Chunhua H. Investigation of the Status Quo and Intention to Seek Healthcare Among Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in Shanghai Tertiary General Hospitals. Shanghai Nursing Journal. 2023;23:34-38. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-8399.2023.02.008.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"peritoneal dialysis, nutritional intervention, nursing, application effect","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective:\u003c/strong\u003e To explore the clinical effect of postoperative nutritional intervention using energy-based solid drinks for peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed dialysis tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods: \u003c/strong\u003ePatients who underwent peritoneal dialysis tube placement in Guangdong Province people's hospital during 1 Aug 2022 to 31 Dec 2023 were taken as study subjects. Control group used traditional dietary education and intelligent software for home dietary supervision, and the experimental group added energy-based solid drinks on the basis of the control group, comparing the laboratory results and nutritional scores of the two groups at one month and three months after the intervention.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResult:\u003c/strong\u003e The difference between the albumin and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group and the control group one month after the intervention was statistically significant ; the difference between the albumin, blood sodium and NRS2002 nutritional scores of the experimental group and the control group three months after the intervention was statistically significant .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003eNutritional intervention with energy-based solid beverages in peritoneal dialysis patients with newly placed tubes can enhance patient nutrition in the three months.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Study On The Application Effect Of Energy-based Solid Beverage in Nutritional Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Newly Placed Tubes","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-02-27 18:05:54","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6051735/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"31eed6f4-5a51-4456-a318-e92f0c8cd2a3","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 27th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-02-27T18:05:55+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-02-27 18:05:54","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6051735","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6051735","identity":"rs-6051735","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}