Examining the photocatalytic and antioxidant properties of tripled doped Co-Ni-Zn TiO2 nanoparticles: A new class of nanocatalyst synthesized by chemically and biologically approach using microwave-assisted method

Abstract Water pollution encompasses the contamination of water bodies resulting from the discharge of industrial dyes that contains array of harmful substances and requires necessitates treatment to render the water safe for various reuse purposes. This study focuses on chemically and biologically synthesized tripled doped Co-Ni-Zn TiO2 NPs, a novel photocatalyst for removal of dyes. Synthesized NPs contained tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2, according to XRD and Raman analyses. SEM-EDS confirmed the morphology and chemical composition of synthesized NPs. TEM revealed spherical NPs in both chemically and biologically synthesized NPs, in size from 21 to 33 nm. The ability of synthesized NPs to act as photocatalyst for the degradation of polluting dyes: congo red (CR), methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) was examined. Also, nitric oxide (NO), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) free radical tests were used to test the antioxidant capabilities of synthesized NPs.