Safety and Efficacy of Apomorphine in the Treatment of Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Abstract Objective:This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of apomorphine in addressing sleep disorders among individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and CBM, to identify relevant studies. Results: After eliminating duplicate data and applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 117 patients from four studies (including one randomized controlled trial) were selected for analysis based on the PICOS criteria. The findings indicate that nocturnal apomorphine injections may offer benefits in terms of enhancing sleep quality and duration. Furthermore, apomorphine exhibits favorable tolerability and maintains a high safety profile. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides supporting evidence for the efficacy of apomorphine in improving sleep quality and maintenance in PD patients, while also highlighting its safety. Nonetheless, further large-scale clinical trials are warranted to establish definitive guidelines for apomorphine treatment in PD-related sleep disorders.