Time-domain decoding of unconventional charge order mechanisms in nonmagnetic and magnetic kagome metals

Time-domain decoding of unconventional charge order mechanisms in nonmagnetic and magnetic kagome metals | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Time-domain decoding of unconventional charge order mechanisms in nonmagnetic and magnetic kagome metals Mingu Kang, Seongyong Lee, Byungjune Lee, Hoyoung Jang, Xueliang Wu, and 9 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6879854/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In kagome lattice materials, quantum interplay between charge, spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom gives rise to a remarkably rich set of emergent phenomena, ranging from unconventional charge order and superconductivity to topological magnetism. While the exact nature of these exotic orders is often challenging to comprehend in static experiments, time-resolved techniques can offer critical insights by disentangling coupled degrees of freedom on the time-axis. In this work, we demonstrate that the nature of charge orders in two representative kagome metals – nonmagnetic ScV6Sn6 and magnetic FeGe – which has been highly controversial in static studies, can be directly deciphered in the time-domain through their fundamentally distinct order parameter dynamics measured via time-resolved X-ray scattering at an X-ray free electron laser. In nonmagnetic ScV6Sn6, the dynamics are characterized by ultrafast melting and coherent amplitudon oscillations, typical of a phonon-coupled charge order. In stark contrast, magnetic FeGe exhibits resilient metastable charge order dynamics, hitherto unobserved in any other charge-ordered system – this unique time-domain behavior directly signifies an unconventional magnetism-interlocked charge order state realized in this kagome magnet. Our results not only provide a model case where unconventional nature of electronic order, hidden in equilibrium, is directly unraveled in the time-domain, but also pave the way for future out-of-equilibrium engineering of novel quantum orders in kagome lattice platforms. Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed-matter physics/Electronic properties and materials Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed-matter physics/Magnetic properties and materials Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SIFeGev5.pdf Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6879854","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":477410735,"identity":"9aa38d7c-377c-4205-be93-460d9b71b81d","order_by":0,"name":"Mingu Kang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAtklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACNiCWSGCwgfETiNaSRoIWEJBgYDhMghY+9t6HNx7UnLc3l0hg/PCDIS2fsMN4jhtbJBy7nbhzRgKzZA9DjmUDQS0SaWwSCWy3EwxuJDBIMzBUGBC2Bazl3zl7oBbm38RrSWw7wLjhRgIb0JYcIrTwHGO2SOxLTtxw5mGbZY9BGmEt8u1tjDd/fLOzNziefPjGj4pkwlqQAGMDAwNJGkbBKBgFo2AU4AQAZ0MztiHRBUEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Seoul National University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mingu","middleName":"","lastName":"Kang","suffix":""},{"id":477410736,"identity":"f662624d-4692-4296-a477-d95684a28903","order_by":1,"name":"Seongyong Lee","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-6746","institution":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Seongyong","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":477410737,"identity":"6e068ccf-3bfd-4290-8322-b4a5aa252dc6","order_by":2,"name":"Byungjune Lee","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-030X","institution":"POSTECH","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Byungjune","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":477410738,"identity":"239c90cc-1215-48ef-b193-65cac0dbbaa1","order_by":3,"name":"Hoyoung Jang","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-9038","institution":"Pohang Accelerator Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hoyoung","middleName":"","lastName":"Jang","suffix":""},{"id":477410739,"identity":"ea0594eb-2c3d-41ef-9901-51bd1f6fd694","order_by":4,"name":"Xueliang Wu","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4212-3443","institution":"Chongqing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xueliang","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":477410740,"identity":"86ffd290-f41e-4b52-893f-2944d7bf73e7","order_by":5,"name":"Jimin Kim","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-9396","institution":"Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jimin","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":477410741,"identity":"d93caabe-5774-4588-8411-2a49138063e0","order_by":6,"name":"Gyeongbo Kang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"PAL-XFEL","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gyeongbo","middleName":"","lastName":"Kang","suffix":""},{"id":477410742,"identity":"56a332eb-bfb4-4d13-85cc-47683b7d1071","order_by":7,"name":"Choong Jae Won","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1148-0006","institution":"Institute for Basic Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Choong","middleName":"Jae","lastName":"Won","suffix":""},{"id":477410743,"identity":"b351e294-f6b5-4feb-82c8-a5d68a983f2f","order_by":8,"name":"Hyeongi Choi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hyeongi","middleName":"","lastName":"Choi","suffix":""},{"id":477410744,"identity":"a2da18c6-b882-450a-870e-9bf8c4228b76","order_by":9,"name":"Sang-Youn Park","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1500-4384","institution":"Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sang-Youn","middleName":"","lastName":"Park","suffix":""},{"id":477410745,"identity":"66f1fb7c-5aa7-4e22-a1e4-24d93acdab43","order_by":10,"name":"Kyle M. 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While the exact nature of these exotic orders is often challenging to comprehend in static experiments, time-resolved techniques can offer critical insights by disentangling coupled degrees of freedom on the time-axis. In this work, we demonstrate that the nature of charge orders in two representative kagome metals – nonmagnetic ScV6Sn6 and magnetic FeGe – which has been highly controversial in static studies, can be directly deciphered in the time-domain through their fundamentally distinct order parameter dynamics measured via time-resolved X-ray scattering at an X-ray free electron laser. In nonmagnetic ScV6Sn6, the dynamics are characterized by ultrafast melting and coherent amplitudon oscillations, typical of a phonon-coupled charge order. 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