Analysis of the relationship between the degree of migraine with right-to-left shunt and changes in white matter lesions and brain structural volume

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Methods A total of 102 migraineurs with RLS admitted to the affiliated Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology from December 2018 to December 2022 were enrolled in this study. RLS flow and the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) scores were recorded to reflect the degree of headache. The brain structural volumes of 102 migraineurs with RLS were calculated from T1-weighted images using artificial intelligence, and the brain structural volumes of healthy controls matched according to age and sex were also calculated. The correlations among WML location, RLS, headache degree, WML severity and brain structural volume changes in migraineurs were analysed. Results 1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There were no significant differences in the WML variables of cerebral white matter high signal volume, ratio of high-signal white matter volume to whole-brain white matter volume (%) or Fazekas score among migraineurs with different RLS flows, but there were significant differences in WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades and MIDAS grades. RLS flow, HIT-6 score and MIDAS grade were not correlated with the WML variables measured in this study. 3. There was a significant difference in the volume of the precentral gyrus between migraineurs with RLS and normal controls (P < 0.001), and there was a significant difference between migraineurs with different RLS flows and different HIT-6 scores and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volumes. There was also a positive correlation between frontal pole structural volume and RLS flow. The volume of the precentral gyrus was negatively correlated with RLS flow, whereas the volume of the pons gyrus was positively correlated with the HIT-6 score. The volume of the temporal pole was negatively correlated with the HIT-6 score. Conclusion 1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS. 3. There was no correlation between WML severity and migraine severity in migraineurs with RLS. 4. Volume changes occur in some brain structures of migraineurs with RLS. 5. Shunt flow and the degree of headache in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in specific brain regions. Migraine Right-to-left shunt Degree of headache White matter lesion Volume of brain structure Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 1. Introduction Migraine is a common disease of the nervous system that is characterized by recurrent, unilateral, moderate-to-severe pulsatile headache accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms [ 1 ] . In China, it has been reported that migraineurs may experience aura symptoms [ 2 , 3 ] . Previous studies have shown that the annual incidence of migraine in the general adult population is as high as 33 million. The incidence of migraine is greater in women than in men. At the peak age for migraine, the incidence in women is 2–3 times greater than that in men [ 4 – 6 ] . The 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study revealed that the overall annual prevalence of migraine is 14.4%, with a prevalence of 18.9% for women and 9.8% for men [ 7 ] . The pathogenesis of migraine includes sensitization, trigeminal neurovascular system (TVS) damage, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and cerebral spreading depression (CSD). Cardiac right-to-left shunt (RLS) diseases include patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). PFO is the most common RLS disease seen in the clinic, accounting for approximately 95% of all circulatory RLS diseases. RLSs can be classified into three levels: small shunts, medium shunts and large shunts. RLS is closely related to migraine. The incidence of RLS in patients with aura migraine is reportedly 2.5 times greater than that in healthy individuals [ 8 ] . The mechanism for this relationship may involve the entrance of a microthrombus into the systemic circulation directly without being filtered by the pulmonary circulation, and the inability of haemoglobin to exchange oxygen molecules in the lungs causing hypoxemia, which affects the cerebrovascular system and trigeminal nervous system, leading to migraine [ 9 ] . In addition, RLS can activate platelets and trigger the release of vasoactive substances such as serotonin and CGRP, which aggravate stimulation of the cerebrovascular system and trigeminal nervous system [ 10 ] . Finally, the correlation between RLS and migraine may be genetic. One study revealed that some families exhibit autosomal dominant inheritance of RLS associated with aura migraines. Therefore, there may be a specific genetic basis for the abnormality of the atrial septum that is associated with migraine [ 11 ] . According to the 2016 GBD study, migraine is the second most common nervous system dysfunction [ 7 ] and is associated with anxiety, depression and sleep disorders. Some studies have also shown that migraine may increase the risk of cognitive impairment and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [ 12 , 13 ] . Migraine attacks often affect the daily activities of patients and seriously affect their work, study and social roles. A questionnaire on the degree of disability related to migraine can be used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of disability caused by migraine. In addition to being used in research, these questionnaires can also help doctors assess the degree of headache in migraineurs. A variety of scales are used to reflect the degree of migraine disability, the most common of which is the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Because the HIT-6 scale is easily understood by the public, it is often used on the internet to help patients understand the burden caused by headaches. In the context of imaging research, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that migraine with RLS can lead to white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraineurs [ 14 – 16 ] . A study on the relationship between RLS and WMLs by Iwasaki et al. [ 17 ] revealed that the presence of RLS is the only independent risk factor for WMLs in migraineurs with RLS. The possible pathogenesis of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS includes abnormal embolism, in which microemboli enter the systemic circulation directly from the venous system, resulting in abnormal embolism and WMLs in migraineurs [ 18 ] , and vasoactive substances, such as interleukins and serotonin, which directly enter the arterial system due to RLS and stimulate intracranial sensitive neurovascular tissues, resulting in abnormal contraction and relaxation of intracranial blood vessels, headache and WMLs [ 19 ] . However, to date, few correlations have been reported between WML severity and RLS flow or headache in migraineurs with RLS. An increasing number of studies have identified functional connectivity changes in the brain regions involved in pain regulation, sensory discrimination, pain cognition and pain emotion in migraineurs through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and some brain regions exhibit abnormal activation patterns. This study focused on migraineurs with RLS to explore where WMLs are more likely to occur, the correlations among RLS flow, WML severity and brain structural volume changes, and the correlations among headache degree, WML severity and brain structural volume changes. 2. Materials and methods The subjects of this study were migraineurs with RLS examined at Dalian Central Hospital from December 1, 2018, to December 1, 2022. 2.1 Data selection The inclusion criteria for patients were as follows: 1. headache symptoms were consistent with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-III) proposed by the International Headache Society revised in 2018; 2. a contrast-transcranial Doppler (c-TCD) examination clearly revealed RLS; and 3. a plain MRI scan of the skull, including T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, was performed. The exclusion criteria were as follows: 1. history of cerebrovascular disease; 2. severe intracranial and extracranial macrovascular stenosis and occlusion confirmed by imaging; 3. WMLs with other causes, such as multiple sclerosis; 4. hypertension, diabetes, tumours and other serious medical diseases; and 5. space-occupying lesions observed on head MRI. Grouping criteria To study the correlations among RLS flow, headache degree and WML severity, 102 migraineurs with cardiac RLS were divided into two groups according to RLS flow and headache degree. To study the correlations among RLS flow, headache degree and changes in brain structural volume, 102 migraineurs with RLS were included in the study group, and healthy individuals matched by age and sex comprised the control group. 2.2 Research methods 2.2.1 RLS detection methods A transcranial Doppler (TCD) device was used for c-TCD ultrasonography examination. The patients were examined in the supine position using a 2-MHz pulsed wave TCD probe with a depth of 50–60 mm, and the unilateral (left or right) middle cerebral artery (MCA) was monitored through the temporal bone window. Ten millilitres of activated normal saline were injected into the median cubital vein of each patient, and the number of microembolic signals (MESs) within 20 s was counted. Saline (10 ml) was reactivated by pellet injection, the patients were instructed to perform the standard Valsalva manoeuvre, and the number of microemboli within 20 s was counted. MESs were divided into RLS small flows (1–10 MESs), RLS medium flows (11–25 MESs) and RLS large flows (> 25 MESs). 2.2.2 Detection of WMLs and volume changes in 157 brain regions All the subjects were scanned with a GE Pioneer 3.0T MR scanner. All the subjects underwent conventional T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR imaging. The scanning parameters were as follows: repetition time (TR), 1,750 ms; echo time (TE), 24.0 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer number, 20; layer spacing, 1 mm; matrix, 256 × 256; field of view (FOV), 220 mm × 220 mm; and scanning time, 160 s. 2. T2WI parameters: TR, 6,859 ms; TE, 152.2 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer spacing, 1 mm; layer number, 20; matrix, 256 × 256; FOV, 220 mm × 220 mm; and scanning time, 70 s. 3. FLAIR parameters: TR, 12,000 ms; TE, 140 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer spacing, 1 mm; layer number, 20; matrix, 256 × 256; FOV, 220 mm × 220 mm; and scanning time, 160 s. WMLs exhibited high signal intensity on T2WI and FLAIR images and equal or low signal intensity on T1WI images. To evaluate the severity of WMLs, the intelligent analysis method was applied to high signals in white matter to automatically and synchronously correlate the patients' past examination data and accurately register and compare the lesions. The high-signal volumes of the lateral ventricular margin, periventricular white matter, deep white matter, and subcortical white matter were accurately quantified; the percentage of high-signal cerebral white matter compared with the whole-brain white matter was determined; and the Fazekas score, which effectively indicates ischaemic changes, demyelination changes and other pathological processes, was calculated according to authoritative guidelines. Finally, the high-signal report of brain white matter was generated automatically according to the intelligent diagnosis results. The high signal intensity of white matter in the margin of the lateral ventricle was located ≤ 3 mm from the surface of the ventricle; the high signal intensity of periventricular white matter was 3–13 mm away from the surface of the ventricle; the high signal intensity of deep white matter was located between those of periventricular white matter and subcortical white matter; and the high signal intensity of subcortical white matter was ≤ 4 mm from the cortical medulla junction (Fig. 1 ). The whole-brain partition of each patient was based on the T1WI partition and was automatically extracted by a deep learning model trained on the United Imaging platform. Automatic segmentation of the whole brain produced 157 subregions, and the left and right parts of each brain structure were also identified. Once the automatic segmentation results of the deep learning model were obtained, they were evaluated by two senior radiologists with more than 5 years of experience in radiation diagnosis. The intelligent analysis function of brain volume change generated a follow-up curve according to the patient's previous examination results, compared it with the population distribution of big data, and automatically calculated the volume and volume proportions of 157 brain regions (Fig. 2 ). 2.2.3 Statistical analysis The data used in this study were analysed via SPSS 26.0 software, GraphPad and RStudio. Analysis of WML distribution in migraineurs: The chi-square test was used to compare counting data groups. Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the means ± standard deviations and were analysed using ANOVA. Continuous variables that did not have a normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 and Q3), and the Kruskal‒Wallis H test was used for analysis. Multiple hypothesis test correction was performed with Dunn's test. WML difference analysis: Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Continuous variables with a non-normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 and Q3). Categorical variables are expressed as numbers (percentages). The comparison of continuous variables between two groups was performed with a t test for variables that satisfied the criteria of independence, a normal distribution and homogeneity of variance; otherwise, the Mann‒Whitney U test was used. For comparisons among three or four groups, an ANOVA was used for variables that satisfied the independence, normal distribution and homogeneity of variance criteria; otherwise, the Kruskal‒Wallis H test was used. For comparisons of categorical variables, the chi-square test was used. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analysis of the differences in brain volume between migraineurs and normal controls: Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the average ± standard deviation; the independent sample t test was used for analysis, and the difference between the two groups was calculated as the difference in the average. Continuous variables that did not have a normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 - Q3), and the Mann‒Whitney U test was used for analysis; the difference between the two groups was calculated as the median difference. Multiple hypothesis tests were corrected by the false discovery rate (FDR). P < 0.001 indicated statistical significance. Analysis of the differences among RLS grade, HIT-6 score and changes in brain structural volume: Two-way ANOVA was used for analysis. Multiple hypothesis tests included two-stage Benjamini, Krieger and Yekutieli FDR correction. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The correlation between WMLs and brain volume was statistically analysed via Spearman correlation analysis. P < 0.001 was considered statistically significant. 3. Results 3.1. Distribution of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were mainly concentrated in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter (Table 1 ). Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, frontal lobe and occipital lobe (Fig. 3 ). Table 1 WML distribution in migraineurs with RLS Lesion site Occurrence of WML Volume (mm3) Proportion (%) High signal in lateral ventricular margin white matter 102(100%) 2127.1(1566.0,3332.1) 0.44(0.34,0.72) High signal in periventricular white matter 98(96.1%) 366.0(176.8,1242.6) 0.08(0.04,0.27) High signal in deep white matter 102(100%) 586.3(345.9,1129.1) 0.13(0.08,0.23) High signal in subcortical white matter 98(96.1%) 129.6(79.8,323.1) 0.03(0.02,0.07) 3.2. Analysis of the differences in WML variables with different RLS grades There was no significant difference in any WML variable (volume of high-signal cerebral white matter, percentage of high-signal cerebral white matter volume in the whole-brain white matter volume, Fazekas score) among migraine patients with different RLS grades. 3.3. Analysis of the differences in WML variables across different HIT-6 grades There were significant differences in 6 WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades. The 6 variables were right parietal white matter high signal volume (mm³), right temporal white matter high signal volume (mm³), right cerebellar white matter high signal volume (mm³), right parietal white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%), right temporal white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%), and right cerebellar white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%) (Table 2 ). The differential white matter high signals were compared in pairs; the volume and volume proportion of white matter high signals in the same region were consistent (P < 0.05) (Table 3 ). Table 2 Difference analysis of WML variables across different HIT-6 grades Lesion site Overall (n = 102) HIT-6 I (n = 3) HIT-6 II (n = 13) HIT-6 III (n = 23) HIT-6 IV (n = 63) P Right parietal white matter high signal volume 267.8 (92.3,852.3) 62.0 (35.4,81.2) 376.5 (138.5,862.8) 193.8 (68.9,351.2) 289.8 (129.2,1282.7) 0.039 Right temporal white matter high signal volume 32.8 (0.0,97.8) 22.4 (0.0,35.1) 66.7 (0.0,239.0) 7.4 (0.0,36.9) 55.4 (1.8,132.9) 0.023 Right cerebellar white matter high signal volume 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,2.6) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.017 Right parietal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 5.4 (2.1,18.8) 1.0 (0.8,1.6) 7.2 (2.9,19.9) 4.3 (1.6,8.5) 5.9 (2.3,27.4) 0.037 Right temporal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 0.7 (0.0,2.1) 0.4 (0.0,0.7) 1.4 (0.0,4.9) 0.2 (0.0, 0.8) 1.1 (0.0,2.7) 0.027 Right cerebellar white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.0 (0.0,0.0) 0.017 Table 3 Comparison of differences in WML variables across different HIT-6 grades Differential WML position P Ⅰ vs. Ⅱ Ⅰ vs. Ⅲ Ⅰ vs. Ⅳ Ⅱ vs. Ⅲ Ⅱ vs. Ⅳ Ⅲ vs. Ⅳ Right parietal white matter high signal volume 0.039 0.014 0.088 0.017 0.125 0.586 0.132 Right temporal white matter high signal volume 0.023 0.245 0.940 0.279 0.023 0.731 0.005 Right cerebellar white matter high signal volume 0.017 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.461 0.754 0.509 Right parietal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 0.037 0.012 0.071 0.013 0.145 0.615 0.149 Right temporal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 0.027 0.232 0.974 0.276 0.024 0.688 0.006 Right cerebellar white matter percentage of whole brain white matter 0.017 0.004 0.007 0.004 0.321 0.396 0.321 3.4. Correlation analysis between RLS grades and WML variables No correlation was found between the RLS grade and the WML variables measured in this study. 3.5. Correlation analysis between HIT-6 grades and WML variables No correlation was found between HIT-6 grades and the WML variables measured in this study. 3.6. Analysis of the difference in brain structural volume between migraineurs and normal controls The differences in brain structural volume between migraineurs and normal controls were analysed. The differences in the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, frontal pole, medial orbitofrontal lobe, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, lateral occipital gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, lingual gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, paracentral lobule, optic chiasm, putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, ventral diencephalon, pons, cerebellar grey matter, choroid plexus, corpus callosum, cerebral white matter, cerebellar white matter, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The brain volume of migraineurs was significantly greater than that of normal subjects in the frontal lobe (frontal pole, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part), parietal lobe (inferior parietal lobule), temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe), occipital lobe (supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus), cingulate gyrus (isthmus of the cingulate gyrus), subcortical grey matter structures (ventral diencephalon, caudate nucleus), pons, corpus callosum (anterior, middle, posterior), peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, optic chiasm, and ventricles (lateral ventricle, third ventricle). The brain volume of migraineurs was significantly smaller than that of normal subjects in the frontal lobe (precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and medial orbitofrontal gyrus), paracentral lobule, parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), temporal lobe (parahippocampal gyrus, temporal pole, slope part of superior temporal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, fusiform gyrus), occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus (anterior cingulate gyrus and posterior cingulate gyrus), subcortical grey matter structures (putamen, globus pallidus, and nucleus accumbens), choroid plexus, cerebral white matter, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, and fourth ventricle (Tables 4 and 5 ). Table 4 Regions of increased volume of brain structure Brain structure Research group Control group Discrepancy p Total frontal pole 3.21 ± 0.60 2.34 ± 0.27 0.87 < 0.001 Left frontal pole 1.70 ± 0.34 1.06 ± 0.14 0.64 < 0.001 Right frontal pole 1.51 ± 0.33 1.28 ± 0.17 0.23 < 0.001 Total orbital part 5.75 ± 0.95 4.79 ± 0.58 0.95 < 0.001 Left orbital part 2.77 ± 0.51 2.23 ± 0.28 0.54 < 0.001 Right orbital part 2.98 ± 0.54 2.57 ± 0.37 0.41 < 0.001 Total caudate nucleus 6.84 ± 1.10 6.53 ± 0.76 0.31 < 0.001 Total ventral diencephalon 8.26 ± 1.36 5.03 ± 0.44 3.23 < 0.001 Left ventral diencephalon 4.18 ± 0.76 2.52 ± 0.22 1.66 < 0.001 Right ventral diencephalon 4.08 ± 0.67 2.51 ± 0.22 1.57 < 0.001 Total lingual gyrus 14.18 ± 2.04 13.17 ± 1.57 1.01 < 0.001 Right superior temporal gyrus 13.17 ± 1.80 11.42 ± 1.22 1.75 < 0.001 Total inferior temporal gyrus 23.12 ± 3.02 21.40 ± 2.77 1.72 < 0.001 Left inferior temporal gyrus 11.77 ± 1.86 10.91 ± 1.54 0.86 < 0.001 Right inferior temporal gyrus 11.35 ± 1.49 10.49 ± 1.54 0.86 < 0.001 Left lateral occipital gyrus 12.30 ± 1.46 11.32 ± 1.50 0.98 < 0.001 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid 370.70 ± 44.25 289.00 ± 50.14 81.70 < 0.001 Optic chiasm 0.44 ± 0.13 0.19 ± 0.04 0.25 < 0.001 Anterior part of corpus callosum 1.20 ± 0.24 0.89 ± 0.13 0.30 < 0.001 Anterior midbody of corpus callosum 1.07 ± 0.20 0.67 ± 0.19 0.40 < 0.001 Middle part of corpus callosum 1.11 ± 0.20 0.65 ± 0.16 0.46 < 0.001 Posterior midbody of corpus callosum 0.76 ± 0.17 0.55 ± 0.09 0.21 < 0.001 Lateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe 7.77 (7.18, 8.57) 6.88 (6.48, 7.45) 0.89 < 0.001 Isthmus of total cingulate gyrus 4.88 (4.35, 5.46) 4.59 (4.20, 5.11) 0.29 < 0.001 Isthmus of right cingulate gyrus isthmus 2.46 (2.21, 2.81) 2.29 (2.06, 2.58) 0.17 < 0.001 Right caudate nucleus 3.40 (3.06, 3.84) 3.17 (2.99, 3.46) 0.23 < 0.001 Total lateral ventricle 18.63 (14.73, 26.65) 14.31 (10.90, 20.57) 4.32 < 0.001 Left lateral ventricle 9.91 (7.67, 14.46) 7.62 (5.89, 11.27) 2.28 < 0.001 Right lateral ventricle 8.72 (7.19, 12.64) 6.76 (4.75, 9.44) 1.96 < 0.001 Inferior horn of total lateral ventricle 0.98 (0.68, 1.27) 0.45 (0.30, 0.67) 0.53 < 0.001 Inferior horn of left lateral ventricle 0.46 (0.29, 0.62) 0.24 (0.12, 0.37) 0.23 < 0.001 Inferior horn of right lateral ventricle 0.50 (0.32, 0.64) 0.22 (0.14, 0.34) 0.28 < 0.001 Total inferior parietal lobule 28.57 (26.23, 30.80) 26.42 (24.50, 28.79) 2.15 < 0.001 Left lingual gyrus 7.10 (6.42, 7.70) 6.48 (5.89, 7.18) 0.63 < 0.001 Right anterior cuneiform lobe 10.54 (9.59, 11.38) 9.67 (9.17, 10.75) 0.87 < 0.001 Total supramarginal gyrus 22.89 (21.00, 25.71) 21.17 (19.34, 22.91) 1.72 < 0.001 Right supramarginal gyrus 11.72 (10.64, 12.58) 10.01 (9.10, 10.88) 1.71 < 0.001 Total superior temporal gyrus 25.74 (22.92, 27.41) 23.00 (21.67, 24.85) 2.74 < 0.001 Left superior temporal gyrus 12.51 (11.28, 13.48) 11.60 (10.83, 12.51) 0.91 < 0.001 Third ventricle 1.51 (1.24, 2.02) 1.04 (0.81, 1.31) 0.47 < 0.001 Pons 19.24 (18.22, 21.09) 14.56 (13.58, 15.65) 4.68 < 0.001 Posterior part of corpus callosum 1.27 (1.16, 1.49) 0.97 (0.89, 1.08) 0.29 < 0.001 Table 5 Regions with decreased brain structure volume Brain structure Research group Control group Discrepancy p Total precentral gyrus 23.42 ± 2.45 27.71 ± 2.48 -4.29 < 0.001 Left precentral gyrus 11.99 ± 1.45 13.94 ± 1.28 -1.95 < 0.001 Right precentral gyrus 11.42 ± 1.27 13.77 ± 1.38 -2.35 < 0.001 Total postcentral gyrus 18.42 ± 2.31 20.17 ± 2.16 -1.75 < 0.001 Left postcentral gyrus 9.38 ± 1.29 10.26 ± 1.09 -0.88 < 0.001 Right postcentral gyrus 9.05 ± 1.37 9.91 ± 1.29 -0.86 < 0.001 Total paracentral lobule 6.62 ± 0.98 7.79 ± 0.79 -1.17 < 0.001 Left paracentral lobule 3.00 ± 0.54 3.73 ± 0.40 -0.74 < 0.001 Right paracentral lobule 3.62 ± 0.56 4.06 ± 0.49 -0.44 < 0.001 Left superior frontal gyrus 20.99 ± 2.42 22.16 ± 2.53 -1.17 < 0.001 Caudal part of the total middle frontal gyrus 9.70 ± 1.42 11.68 ± 1.60 -1.99 < 0.001 Caudal part of right middle frontal gyrus 4.74 ± 0.78 5.68 ± 0.95 -0.95 < 0.001 Total anterior cingulate gyrus 3.63 ± 0.93 4.34 ± 0.68 -0.71 < 0.001 Left anterior cingulate gyrus 1.98 ± 0.55 2.40 ± 0.42 -0.41 < 0.001 Right anterior cingulate gyrus 1.65 ± 0.48 1.94 ± 0.40 -0.30 < 0.001 Total posterior cingulate gyrus 5.78 ± 0.91 6.48 ± 0.94 -0.70 < 0.001 Right posterior cingulate gyrus 2.93 ± 0.54 3.33 ± 0.58 -0.40 < 0.001 Left parahippocampal gyrus 1.60 ± 0.36 2.06 ± 0.24 -0.46 < 0.001 Total putamen 8.84 ± 1.21 9.45 ± 1.19 -0.61 < 0.001 Right putamen 4.35 ± 0.66 4.66 ± 0.60 -0.31 < 0.001 Total globus pallidus 3.33 ± 0.73 3.77 ± 0.45 -0.44 < 0.001 Right globus pallidus 1.48 ± 0.42 1.95 ± 0.24 -0.48 < 0.001 Left nucleus accumbens 0.41 ± 0.11 0.53 ± 0.14 -0.12 < 0.001 Right nucleus accumbens 0.47 ± 0.13 0.54 ± 0.13 -0.07 < 0.001 Total choroid plexus 0.98 ± 0.25 1.15 ± 0.46 -0.18 < 0.001 Left choroid plexus 0.50 ± 0.16 0.59 ± 0.23 -0.09 < 0.001 Total rectangular gyrus 3.80 ± 1.24 5.21 ± 0.86 -1.40 < 0.001 Left rectangular gyrus 1.99 ± 0.69 2.42 ± 0.45 -0.43 < 0.001 Right rectangular gyrus 1.82 ± 0.64 2.79 ± 0.47 -0.97 < 0.001 Total temporal pole 4.10 ± 0.73 5.20 ± 0.46 -1.09 < 0.001 Left temporal pole 1.93 ± 0.48 2.61 ± 0.26 -0.68 < 0.001 Right temporal pole 2.18 ± 0.40 2.59 ± 0.26 -0.41 < 0.001 Slope part of total superior temporal gyrus 3.81 ± 0.91 4.36 ± 0.65 -0.55 < 0.001 Total cerebral white matter 368.40 ± 42.38 433.80 ± 43.97 -65.40 < 0.001 Left cerebral white matter 184.10 ± 21.20 216.80 ± 22.04 -32.70 < 0.001 Right cerebral white matter 184.40 ± 21.44 217.00 ± 22.03 -32.60 < 0.001 Total superior frontal gyrus 39.22 (36.90, 43.03) 42.55 (39.07, 45.80) -3.33 < 0.001 Right superior frontal gyrus 18.75 (17.31, 20.57) 20.50 (18.86, 21.89) -1.75 < 0.001 Caudal part of left middle frontal gyrus 4.97 (4.46, 5.48) 5.90 (5.44, 6.59) -0.93 < 0.001 Left medial orbitofrontal lobe 4.56 (4.03, 4.98) 4.97 (4.67, 5.44) -0.41 < 0.001 Left posterior cingulate gyrus 2.95 (2.52, 3.15) 3.14 (2.84, 3.39) -0.18 < 0.001 Total parahippocampal gyrus 2.94 (2.55, 3.38) 4.09 (3.72, 4.31) -1.15 < 0.001 Right parahippocampal gyrus 1.30 (1.15, 1.55) 1.99 (1.81, 2.18) -0.69 < 0.001 Left putamen 4.49 (4.18, 4.77) 4.69 (4.44, 5.17) -0.20 < 0.001 Total nucleus accumbens 0.88 (0.74, 0.99) 1.07 (0.93, 1.17) -0.20 < 0.001 Total entorhinal cortex 3.27 (2.82, 3.66) 3.66 (3.41, 4.06) -0.39 < 0.001 Left entorhinal cortex 1.60 (1.30, 1.95) 1.97 (1.76, 2.17) -0.37 < 0.001 Total fusiform gyrus 15.64 (14.42, 17.40) 17.84 (16.92, 19.48) -2.20 < 0.001 Left fusiform gyrus 8.01 (7.17, 8.95) 9.19 (8.40, 9.94) -1.18 < 0.001 Right fusiform gyrus 7.65 (6.93, 8.38) 8.77 (8.29, 9.72) -1.12 < 0.001 Slope part of left superior temporal gyrus 1.75 (1.33, 2.1432) 2.24 (2.01, 2.46) -0.49 < 0.001 Total cerebellar grey matter 93.13 (87.83, 98.17) 99.22 (92.71, 104.10) -6.09 < 0.001 Left cerebellar grey matter 46.03 (43.22, 49.03) 49.56 (46.22, 52.27) -3.53 < 0.001 Right cerebellar grey matter 46.90 (43.77, 49.68) 49.26 (46.35, 51.98) -2.36 < 0.001 Total cerebellar white matter 19.42 (17.48, 21.03) 25.15 (23.66, 26.57) -5.73 < 0.001 Left cerebellar white matter 9.74 (8.75, 10.62) 13.16 (12.42, 13.90) -3.43 < 0.001 Right cerebellar white matter 9.87 (8.80, 10.31) 12.04 (11.19, 12.93) -2.17 < 0.001 Fourth ventricle 0.84 (0.72, 0.96) 1.65 (1.36, 1.97) -0.81 < 0.001 3.7. Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different RLS grades There were statistically significant differences in total lateral ventricle volume, right cerebral white matter volume, left cerebral white matter volume, total cerebellar grey matter volume and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volume between different RLS grades (Table 6 ). In the pairwise comparisons of these differential brain structures, the statistical results were consistent (P < 0.05) (Table 7 ). Table 6 Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different RLS grades Brain structure Control group (n = 102) RLS I (n = 24) RLS II (n = 30) RLS III (n = 48) P Total lateral ventricle 14.3(10.9,20.6) 17.2(14.7,27.1) 19.0(13.9,25.5) 19.8(15.8,28.5) < 0.001 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid 278.3(251.6,320.1) 387.2(356.2,407.4) 357.7(339.8,387.7) 367.7(346.1,397.7) < 0.001 Total cerebellar grey matter 99.2(92.7,104.1) 93.3(88.8,105.1) 94.4(88.7,97.6) 91.7(87.4,97.9) < 0.001 Left cerebral white matter 216.8 ± 22.04 181.1 ± 22.39 186.6 ± 24.07 184.0 ± 18.80 < 0.001 Right cerebral white matter 217.0 ± 22.03 181.2 ± 24.10 185.9 ± 23.40 185.0 ± 18.93 < 0.001 Total cerebral white matter 433.8 ± 44.0 362.3 ± 46.2 372.5 ± 47.3 369.0 ± 37.5 < 0.001 Table 7 Comparison of the changes in brain structural volume among different RLS grades Differential brain regions p 0 vs. I 0 vs. II 0 vs. III I vs. II I vs. III II vs. III Total lateral ventricle < 0.001 0.2483 0.2634 0.0321 0.6723 0.6723 0.5721 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.0041 Total cerebellar grey matter < 0.001 0.521 0.1415 0.0026 0.3954 0.1312 0.3764 Left cerebral white matter < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.1043 0.2084 0.2084 Right cerebral white matter < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.1641 0.1653 0.4107 Total cerebral white matter < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.003 0.02 0.0915 3.8. Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different HIT-6 grades There were statistically significant differences in total lateral ventricle volume, total cerebral white matter volume, total cerebellar white matter volume, left cerebral white matter volume, right cerebral white matter volume and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volume among different HIT-6 grades (Table 8 ). In the pairwise comparisons of these differential brain structures, the statistical results were consistent (P < 0.05) (Table 9 ). Table 8 Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different HIT-6 grades Brain structure HIT-6 0 (n = 102) HIT-6 I (n = 3) HIT-6 II (n = 13) HIT-6 III (n = 23) HIT-6 IV (n = 63) p Total lateral ventricle 14.3 (10.9,20.6) 20.2 (5.5,26.2) 16.9 (14.7,26.1) 17.5 (11.3,30.2) 19.6 (15.4,29.1) < 0.001 Total cerebral white matter 433.8 ± 44.0 399.7 ± 45.0 371.6 ± 42.8 359.6 ± 40.1 369.5 ± 43.1 < 0.001 Total cerebellar white matter 25.2 (23.7,26.6) 21.0 (17.9,21.0) 19.8 (17.8,21.7) 20.0 (17.5,20.7) 19.0 (17.5,21.0) < 0.001 Left cerebral white matter 216.8 ± 22.04 198.0 ± 21.12 185.1 ± 21.43 179.5 ± 20.61 184.8 ± 21.44 < 0.001 Right cerebral white matter 217.0 ± 22.03 201.7 ± 23.89 186.5 ± 21.50 180.1 ± 19.58 184.7 ± 21.96 < 0.001 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid 278.3 (251.6,320.1) 386.7 (279.2,396.5) 375.1 (347.0,410.2) 364.2 (342.3,386.8) 369.5 (344.5,398.3) < 0.001 Table 9 Comparison of the changes in brain structural volume among different HIT-6 grades Differential brain structure p 0 vs. Ⅰ 0 vs. Ⅱ 0 vs. Ⅲ 0 vs. Ⅳ Ⅰ vs. Ⅱ Ⅰ vs. Ⅲ Ⅰ vs. Ⅳ Ⅱ vs. Ⅲ Ⅱ vs. Ⅳ Ⅲ vs. Ⅳ Total lateral ventricle < 0.001 0.890 0.696 0.696 0.014 0.890 0.696 0.696 0.890 0.696 0.696 Total cerebral white matter < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0002 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0002 < 0.0003 < 0.0004 Total cerebellar white matter < 0.001 0.943 0.534 0.304 0.037 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 Left cerebral white matter < 0.001 0.943 0.534 0.304 0.037 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 0.942 Right cerebral white matter < 0.001 0.055 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.072 0.015 0.042 0.118 0.411 0.118 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid < 0.001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.004 0.046 0.014 0.008 0.041 0.045 3.9. Analysis of the correlation between RLS flow and brain structural volume changes The brain regions with significantly strong correlations with RLS flow were the frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, rectangular gyrus, cingulate gyrus, ventral diencephalon, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, optic chiasm, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter, and fourth ventricle (P < 0.001) (Table 10 ). The volumes of the frontal lobe (frontal pole, orbital part, and lateral orbitofrontal lobe), temporal lobe (anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus), occipital lobe (lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and lingual gyrus), optic chiasm, subcortical grey matter structures (ventral diencephalon), pons, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, third ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were positively correlated with RLS flow. The volumes of the frontal lobe (superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), temporal lobe (slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus), paracentral lobule, occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus, subcortical grey matter structures (globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens), cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter, and fourth ventricle were negatively correlated with RLS flow. Table 10 Analysis of the correlation between RLS flow and brain structural volume changes Brain structure Relativity 95% confidence interval P Total ventral diencephalon 0.758 [0.693, 0.811] 0.000 Right ventral diencephalon 0.750 [0.683, 0.804] 0.000 Left ventral diencephalon 0.744 [0.676, 0.800] 0.000 Left frontal pole 0.719 [0.645, 0.779] 0.000 Middle part of corpus callosum 0.698 [0.620, 0.762] 0.000 Optic chiasm 0.696 [0.618, 0.761] 0.000 Pons 0.673 [0.590, 0.742] 0.000 Anterior midbody of corpus callosum 0.632 [0.541, 0.708] 0.000 Total frontal pole 0.622 [0.530, 0.700] 0.000 Posterior midbody of corpus callosum 0.569 [0.468, 0.655] 0.000 Anterior part of corpus callosum 0.566 [0.465, 0.653] 0.000 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid 0.562 [0.461, 0.650] 0.000 Left orbital part 0.519 [0.411, 0.613] 0.000 Posterior part of corpus callosum 0.509 [0.400, 0.604] 0.000 Total orbital part 0.472 [0.357, 0.572] 0.000 Inferior horn of total lateral ventricle 0.456 [0.340, 0.559] 0.000 Inferior horn of right lateral ventricle 0.453 [0.337, 0.556] 0.000 Right superior temporal gyrus 0.445 [0.328, 0.549] 0.000 Third ventricle 0.430 [0.311, 0.535] 0.000 Inferior horn of left lateral ventricle 0.407 [0.285, 0.515] 0.000 Right supramarginal gyrus 0.395 [0.272, 0.505] 0.000 Total superior temporal gyrus 0.390 [0.266, 0.500] 0.000 Lateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe 0.375 [0.251, 0.488] 0.000 Right orbital part 0.353 [0.227, 0.468] 0.000 Right frontal pole 0.351 [0.225, 0.466] 0.000 Left lingual gyrus 0.293 [0.162, 0.414] 0.000 Left lateral occipital gyrus 0.278 [0.146, 0.400] 0.000 Left superior temporal gyrus 0.264 [0.131, 0.387] 0.000 Total lingual gyrus 0.262 [0.130, 0.386] 0.000 Total inferior temporal gyrus 0.261 [0.128, 0.385] 0.000 Right lateral ventricle 0.256 [0.122, 0.380] 0.000 Right inferior temporal gyrus 0.250 [0.117, 0.375] 0.000 Total lateral ventricle 0.245 [0.112, 0.370] 0.000 Right anterior cuneiform lobe 0.245 [0.111, 0.369] 0.000 Fourth ventricle -0.700 [-0.764, -0.622] 0.000 Left superior frontal gyrus -0.244 [-0.369, -0.110] 0.000 Right postcentral gyrus -0.272 [-0.394, -0.140] 0.000 Total globus pallidus -0.267 [-0.390, -0.134] 0.000 Left nucleus accumbens -0.374 [-0.486, -0.250] 0.000 Total anterior cingulate gyrus -0.361 [-0.475, -0.235] 0.000 Right paracentral lobule -0.355 [-0.470, -0.229] 0.000 Left fusiform gyrus -0.394 [-0.504, -0.272] 0.000 Right cerebellar grey matter -0.258 [-0.382, -0.125] 0.000 Right superior frontal gyrus -0.292 [-0.412, -0.161] 0.000 Total superior frontal gyrus -0.283 [-0.405, -0.151] 0.000 Total cerebellar grey matter -0.281 [-0.403, -0.149] 0.000 Medial part of left orbitofrontal lobe -0.279 [-0.401, -0.148] 0.000 Caudal part of right middle frontal gyrus -0.421 [-0.528, -0.301] 0.000 Right fusiform gyrus -0.416 [-0.524, -0.296] 0.000 Left entorhinal cortex -0.410 [-0.518, -0.289] 0.000 Left cerebellar white matter -0.669 [-0.739, -0.586] 0.000 Total parahippocampal gyrus -0.662 [-0.733, -0.577] 0.000 Right parahippocampal gyrus -0.651 [-0.723, -0.564] 0.000 Total cerebellar white matter -0.642 [-0.716, -0.554] 0.000 Total temporal pole -0.605 [-0.685, -0.510] 0.000 Right rectangular gyrus -0.595 [-0.677, -0.499] 0.000 Left temporal pole -0.592 [-0.675, -0.495] 0.000 Right cerebellar white matter -0.590 [-0.673, -0.492] 0.000 Right precentral gyrus -0.585 [-0.668, -0.486] 0.000 Left parahippocampal gyrus -0.573 [-0.659, -0.473] 0.000 Total precentral gyrus -0.563 [-0.650, -0.461] 0.000 Left anterior cingulate gyrus -0.344 [-0.459, -0.217] 0.000 Left rectangular gyrus -0.334 [-0.450, -0.206] 0.000 Total postcentral gyrus -0.331 [-0.448, -0.203] 0.000 Left postcentral gyrus -0.325 [-0.443, -0.197] 0.000 Total entorhinal cortex -0.323 [-0.441, -0.194] 0.000 Right posterior cingulate gyrus -0.321 [-0.439, -0.192] 0.000 Slope part of total superior temporal gyrus -0.315 [-0.433, -0.185] 0.000 Total nucleus accumbens -0.309 [-0.429, -0.180] 0.000 Total posterior cingulate gyrus -0.308 [-0.427, -0.178] 0.000 Left cerebellar grey matter -0.297 [-0.417, -0.166] 0.000 Right anterior cingulate gyrus -0.294 [-0.415, -0.164] 0.000 Left paracentral lobule -0.555 [-0.643, -0.452] 0.000 Left cerebral white matter -0.530 [-0.622, -0.423] 0.000 Total cerebral white matter -0.527 [-0.619, -0.420] 0.000 Right cerebral white matter -0.521 [-0.615, -0.413] 0.000 Total rectangular gyrus -0.509 [-0.604, -0.399] 0.000 Total paracentral lobule -0.505 [-0.601, -0.395] 0.000 Caudal part of total middle frontal gyrus -0.500 [-0.596, -0.389] 0.000 Right globus pallidus -0.492 [-0.590, -0.381] 0.000 Right temporal pole -0.485 [-0.584, -0.372] 0.000 Left precentral gyrus -0.480 [-0.579, -0.367] 0.000 Caudal part of left middle frontal gyrus -0.470 [-0.570, -0.356] 0.000 Total fusiform gyrus -0.435 [-0.540, -0.317] 0.000 Slope part of left superior temporal gyrus -0.432 [-0.538, -0.313] 0.000 3.10. Analysis of the correlation between HIT-6 grades and brain structural volume changes The brain regions with significant strong correlations with HIT-6 grades were the frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, rectangular gyrus, cingulate gyrus, ventral diencephalon, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, optic chiasm, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, and cerebral white matter (P < 0.001) (Table 11 ). The volumes of the frontal lobe (frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe), temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus), occipital lobe (supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus), subcortical grey matter (ventral diencephalon), optic chiasm, third ventricle, pons, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were positively correlated with the HIT-6 grade. The volumes of the frontal lobe (precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal gyrus), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), paracentral lobule, temporal lobe (parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus), occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus, subcortical grey matter structures (globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, putamen), cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter and fourth ventricle were negatively correlated with HIT-6 grades. Table 11 Analysis of the correlation between HIT-6 grades and brain structural volume changes Brain structure Relativity 95% confidence interval P Total ventral diencephalon 0.803 [0.748, 0.847] 0.000 Right ventral diencephalon 0.802 [0.747, 0.846] 0.000 Left ventral diencephalon 0.781 [0.721, 0.830] 0.000 Left frontal pole 0.769 [0.706, 0.820] 0.000 Optic chiasm 0.761 [0.697, 0.814] 0.000 Middle part of corpus callosum 0.742 [0.673, 0.798] 0.000 Pons 0.690 [0.610, 0.755] 0.000 Total frontal pole 0.684 [0.604, 0.751] 0.000 Anterior midbody of corpus callosum 0.682 [0.601, 0.750] 0.000 Peripheral cerebrospinal fluid 0.623 [0.531, 0.700] 0.000 Anterior part of corpus callosum 0.559 [0.456, 0.646] 0.000 Posterior midbody of corpus callosum 0.551 [0.448, 0.640] 0.000 Posterior part of corpus callosum 0.533 [0.427, 0.625] 0.000 Left orbital part 0.505 [0.395, 0.601] 0.000 Right superior temporal gyrus 0.472 [0.358, 0.572] 0.000 Total orbital part 0.463 [0.347, 0.564] 0.000 Inferior horn of total lateral ventricle 0.462 [0.347, 0.564] 0.000 Third ventricle 0.462 [0.346, 0.563] 0.000 Inferior horn of right lateral ventricle 0.457 [0.341, 0.559] 0.000 Right frontal pole 0.418 [0.298, 0.525] 0.000 Inferior horn of left lateral ventricle 0.414 [0.293, 0.522] 0.000 Right supramarginal gyrus 0.391 [0.268, 0.501] 0.000 Total superior temporal gyrus 0.376 [0.252, 0.488] 0.000 Lateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe 0.372 [0.248, 0.485] 0.000 Right orbital part 0.351 [0.224, 0.466] 0.000 Left lingual gyrus 0.313 [0.183, 0.431] 0.000 Left lateral occipital gyrus 0.301 [0.171, 0.421] 0.000 Right lateral ventricle 0.288 [0.157, 0.409] 0.000 Total lingual gyrus 0.284 [0.152, 0.405] 0.000 Total lateral ventricle 0.276 [0.144, 0.398] 0.000 Left lateral ventricle 0.259 [0.126, 0.383] 0.000 Total inferior temporal gyrus 0.247 [0.114, 0.372] 0.000 Right inferior temporal gyrus 0.245 [0.111, 0.370] 0.000 Left cerebellar white matter -0.746 [-0.802, -0.679] 0.000 Fourth ventricle -0.740 [-0.797, -0.671] 0.000 Total cerebellar white matter -0.710 [-0.772, -0.635] 0.000 Total parahippocampal gyrus -0.657 [-0.729, -0.572] 0.000 Right parahippocampal gyrus -0.657 [-0.729, -0.571] 0.000 Right cerebellar white matter -0.645 [-0.718, -0.557] 0.000 Right rectangular gyrus -0.636 [-0.712, -0.547] 0.000 Right precentral gyrus -0.632 [-0.708, -0.542] 0.000 Total temporal pole -0.629 [-0.705, -0.538] 0.000 Total precentral gyrus -0.622 [-0.699, -0.529] 0.000 Left temporal pole -0.612 [-0.691, -0.518] 0.000 Right cerebral white matter -0.582 [-0.666, -0.483] 0.000 Total cerebral white matter -0.581 [-0.666, -0.483] 0.000 Left cerebral white matter -0.578 [-0.663, -0.479] 0.000 Left paracentral lobule -0.560 [-0.648, -0.458] 0.000 Left parahippocampal gyrus -0.557 [-0.645, -0.455] 0.000 Left precentral gyrus -0.544 [-0.634, -0.440] 0.000 Total rectangular gyrus -0.542 [-0.632, -0.437] 0.000 Right globus pallidus -0.537 [-0.628, -0.431] 0.000 Caudal part of total middle frontal gyrus -0.516 [-0.610, -0.408] 0.000 Right temporal pole -0.508 [-0.603, -0.398] 0.000 Total paracentral lobule -0.502 [-0.598, -0.392] 0.000 Caudal part of left middle frontal gyrus -0.465 [-0.566, -0.350] 0.000 Caudal part of right middle frontal gyrus -0.456 [-0.559, -0.340] 0.000 Left nucleus accumbens -0.442 [-0.546, -0.324] 0.000 Slope part of left superior temporal gyrus -0.425 [-0.531, -0.306] 0.000 Right fusiform gyrus -0.422 [-0.529, -0.302] 0.000 Total fusiform gyrus -0.421 [-0.528, -0.301] 0.000 Right posterior cingulate gyrus -0.381 [-0.493, -0.257] 0.000 Total posterior cingulate gyrus -0.379 [-0.491, -0.255] 0.000 Left entorhinal cortex -0.375 [-0.487, -0.250] 0.000 Total anterior cingulate gyrus -0.374 [-0.487, -0.250] 0.000 Total nucleus accumbens -0.372 [-0.484, -0.247] 0.000 Left anterior cingulate gyrus -0.371 [-0.484, -0.247] 0.000 Left fusiform gyrus -0.364 [-0.477, -0.238] 0.000 Left rectangular gyrus -0.354 [-0.468, -0.227] 0.000 Total postcentral gyrus -0.347 [-0.462, -0.220] 0.000 Medial part of left orbitofrontal lobe -0.346 [-0.461, -0.219] 0.000 Right paracentral lobule -0.344 [-0.459, -0.217] 0.000 Total globus pallidus -0.336 [-0.452, -0.208] 0.000 Slope part of total superior temporal gyrus -0.327 [-0.444, -0.198] 0.000 Right postcentral gyrus -0.319 [-0.437, -0.190] 0.000 Left postcentral gyrus -0.303 [-0.423, -0.173] 0.000 Left posterior cingulate gyrus -0.297 [-0.417, -0.166] 0.000 Right anterior cingulate gyrus -0.289 [-0.410, -0.158] 0.000 Total entorhinal cortex -0.284 [-0.406, -0.153] 0.000 Right superior frontal gyrus -0.262 [-0.385, -0.129] 0.000 Total putamen -0.262 [-0.385, -0.129] 0.000 Right putamen -0.259 [-0.383, -0.127] 0.000 Total superior frontal gyrus -0.252 [-0.376, -0.119] 0.000 Left putamen -0.245 [-0.370, -0.111] 0.000 Left cerebellar grey matter -0.245 [-0.37, -0.111] 0.000 Right nucleus accumbens -0.242 [-0.368, -0.109] 0.000 4. Analysis and Discussion In this study, the WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were found to be concentrated mainly in the lateral ventricular marginal white matter and deep white matter. A retrospective study of 425 headache patients (303 women; 242 migraineurs, 183 tension-type headache patients) revealed an increased prevalence of deep WMLs in migraineurs with RLS 14] . Mark C. Kruit et al. [ 20 ] reported that the incidence of deep WMLs in female migraineurs was greater than that in control individuals and that deep WMLs increased with increasing migraine attack frequency but were not related to migraine subtype; in addition, there was no correlation between periventricular WML severity and sex, migraine frequency or migraine subtype in migraineurs. At present, there are few studies on the distribution of WMLs in lateral ventricular marginal white matter and deep white matter in migraineurs with RLS, and more studies are needed to determine the pathogenesis. In addition, we found that subcortical WMLs were concentrated in the parietal frontal lobe and occipital lobe in migraineurs with RLS. A study by Signorielloe et al. [ 21 ] revealed that PFO may be associated with WMLs in migraineurs and that WMLs are more likely to occur in the occipital lobe; in particular, visual aura was associated with occipital lobe lesions. Another study showed that in migraineurs [ 22 ] , RLS was associated with near-cortical WMLs, mainly in the frontal and parietal lobes, which are located in the blood supply area of the anterior cerebral artery. However, the exact mechanism underlying this effect is not clear. The WMLs near the cortex may be caused by the mechanism of embolization. With changes in chest pressure, microemboli intermittently enter the brain due to the RLS in the heart. This mechanism may occur because the anterior cerebral artery is the direct continuation of the end of the internal carotid artery, and the blood flow resistance is lower than that in other large intracranial arteries; thus, the microemboli can easily enter the distribution area of the anterior cerebral artery and then distribute along the blood vessels to the farthest end. However, a limitation of this study is that migraineurs without RLS were not included in the control group, preventing a better reflection of the WML distribution characteristics of migraine patients with RLS. With respect to the relationship between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS, a multicentre study in 2018 involving 334 migraineurs [ 23 ] reported that WML severity in migraineurs with RLS was not associated with RLS flow. The conclusions of this study are consistent with those of previous studies. Similarly, another study revealed that WMLs do not increase with increasing RLS flow [ 24 ] . Park et al. [ 14 ] reported a correlation between RLS flow and deep WMLs (OR = 3.240, P < 0.01), and RLS was an independent risk factor for the severity of small deep WMLs. The varying conclusions of these studies may be related to differences in the race of the participants, the definition and classification of WMLs, age, MRI equipment, setting parameters and research methods. This study found no relationship between WML severity and headache severity in migraineurs with RLS. A study by Junyan Huo et al. [ 27 ] suggested that the severity of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS was not related to the severity or duration of headache. This finding is consistent with the results of previous studies [ 22 , 25 – 32 ] . Currently, some neuroscientists believe that the pathophysiology of migraine has evolved from the initial vasodilation hypothesis to brain dysfunction involving pain and other organ processing [ 33 ] . Neuroscientists have used fMRI to observe the brain under visual, olfactory, cognitive, motor and other stimuli, which can induce migraine attacks, increasing the understanding of the pathogenesis of migraine. Under pain stimulation, abnormal activation has been observed in the brain regions involved in pain regulation, sensory discrimination, pain cognition and pain emotion. The activation of the thalamus, hippocampus, temporal pole, middle cingulate gyrus and fusiform gyrus increased, and the activation of brain regions such as the secondary somatosensory cortex and precentral gyrus decreased. Under olfactory stimulation, cortical structures related to smell, such as the temporal pole and superior temporal gyrus, are abnormally activated [ 36 ] . In addition, the rostral structure of the pontine, which is closely related to the trigeminal pain pathway, is abnormally activated, which explains the symptoms of osmophobia in migraineurs and why a specific smell can induce migraine attacks. Under visual stimulation, the visual cortex is significantly activated [ 37 , 38 ] , which may explain photophobia during migraine attacks and why visual stimulation can induce headache attacks. Abnormalities in brain networks and functional connections, including the occipital lobe, sensorimotor network, bilateral lateral and inferior cerebellum, cingulate network, default mode network and frontoparietal network, can also be observed in migraineurs at rest [ 39 , 40 ] . In recent years, studies on the brain networks of migraineurs and models of dynamic functional connectors have shown that the thalamus, occipital lobe and basal nucleus play important roles in transmitting pain, regulating vision and integrating pain [ 41 , 42 ] . An increasing number of studies have revealed evidence of structural abnormalities in grey matter in migraineurs, suggesting that grey matter is related to the neural network involved in pain management. In some studies, surface-based morphology (SBM) and voxel-based morphology (VBM) were used, and a significant decrease was observed in grey matter volume in some regions, such as the left precentral gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus, which participate in the pain loop [ 43 ] , and the volume of grey matter in visual areas V3 and V5 of the right occipital cortex decreased [ 44 ] . The volume of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, which is involved in the transmission and regulation of intracranial vascular and meningeal trauma information, and the cerebellum, which is involved in pain information, decreased [ 45 ] . However, other studies have shown that the thicknesses of certain areas of the cortex can also be increased in migraineurs [ 46 – 48 ] . Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal the structure of white matter, especially the course and structure of the axons of nerve cells. Planchuelo-Gómez et al. [ 49 ] reported a positive correlation between the course of chronic migraine and bilateral external fractional anisotropy (FA) and a negative correlation between the onset time of chronic migraine and the average radial diffusivity (RD) value of the bilateral external capsule. These findings indicate that there are differences in white matter structure between paroxysmal migraine and chronic migraine. Compared with that of patients with paroxysmal migraine, the axonal integrity of patients with chronic migraine is impaired in the early stage of headache attack. Porcaro et al. [ 50 ] analysed the DTI parameters of the whole hypothalamus and its subregions in 20 patients with aura migraine during headache attack and 20 healthy controls. Compared with those in the healthy control group, the mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and RD in the hypothalamus of patients with aura migraine changed significantly. These findings indicate that the hypothalamus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aura migraines. In summary, migraine can affect the white matter and grey matter of the human brain, but studies on the volume changes in these 157 brain regions in migraineurs with RLS are lacking. In this study, the brain structural volume of migraineurs with RLS changed significantly in the paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, frontal pole, medial orbitofrontal lobe, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part, lingual gyrus, cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, optic chiasm, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, ventral diencephalon, pons, cerebellar grey matter, choroid plexus, corpus callosum, cerebral white matter, cerebellar white matter, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid. The volumes of the frontal pole, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, optic chiasm, pons, ventral diencephalon, corpus callosum, third ventricle, peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, entorhinal cortex, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, globus pallidus and nucleus accumbens were also significantly correlated with RLS flow and headache severity. These findings indicate that the human brain exhibits adaptive changes in response to migraine. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not clear. Previous studies have shown that some symptoms of migraine can be caused by the excitation of dopaminergic neurons and that migraineurs are highly sensitive to dopamine receptors [ 51 – 53 ] . Dopamine receptors are distributed in the caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, lateral papillary nucleus, Calleja island, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medial temporal lobe, optic tract, cerebral cortex, telencephalon, frontal cortex, and retina, among others.. This finding is highly consistent with the changes in brain volume observed in this study, which may indicate that some changes in brain structural volume in this study may be related to the involvement of dopamine in the pathogenesis of migraine. An in-depth study of the factors related to brain structural volume changes in migraineurs with RLS may provide clues for exploring the pathogenesis of migraine with RLS. This study is novel in that, to date, no correlation study on the changes in brain structural volume in migraineurs with RLS has been performed. However, the sample size included in this study was small and therefore prone to bias errors. In addition, the changes in brain structural volume in migraineurs without RLS were not compared with those in migraineurs with RLS to determine the specificity of brain structural volume changes. Migraine is a complex disease that can be affected by different psychological conditions, different environments, and biochemical and neurophysiological factors [ 38 ] . The threshold of headache differs depending on the individual. Even in the same patient, the threshold of headache will change under different conditions. Moreover, headache can be caused by a variety of factors or one decisive factor, such as fluctuations in oestrogen, which plays a decisive role in menstrual migraine [ 54 ] . All the above factors may have had an impact on the results of the study. The main limitations of this study are as follows: 1. With respect to imaging methods, the thickness and spacing of head MR images are relatively large, which results in some lesions being missed, which impacts the results of the study. 2. In this study, migraineurs without RLS were not included in the control group to reflect the specificity of WMLs and brain structural volume changes in migraineurs with RLS. 3. The small sample size is the main limitation of this study. The sample size is small because this study was a single-centre study, and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented to determine the number of subjects. All migraineurs with RLS had to meet the international diagnostic criteria for headache classification, and drug abuse and other types of headache had to be excluded, slowing the case inclusion speed. Subsequent collection of cases will continue to expand the sample size and allow further analysis. Our understanding of the relationships among migraine with RLS, WMLs and brain structural volume changes is constantly developing, and many studies on related mechanisms and manifestations on neuroimaging, including structural and functional imaging, are ongoing. The changes in brain structure and function in migraineurs vary. Therefore, it is important to explore whether migraineurs with RLS have specific bioimaging changes, the causal relationship between imaging changes and migraine, and whether occlusion of the PFO can affect the brain structure or function of migraineurs to improve migraine symptoms. Therefore, it will be necessary to use multimode magnetic resonance technology to perform larger sample, multicentre and prospective studies in the future. Conclusion 1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS. 3. There was no correlation between the severity of WMLs and the degree of migraine in migraineurs with RLS. 4. Volume changes were found in the brain structure of migraineurs with RLS. 5. The RLS flow and degree of headache in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in some brain regions. Declarations Author contribution statements XP, HR, LX, FL, WS, LC and ZC contributed to the study conception and design. XP and HR wrote the first draft of the manuscript. LX and FL performed the statistical analyses. WS, CL and ZC organized the database. JW and FS performed the imaging analyses and contributed to data collection. SM and HZ edited the manuscript. All the authors contributed to manuscript revision and read and approved the submitted version. Acknowledgements We would like to thank our colleagues for their assistance in the writing of this article. I would also like to thank my supervisor Professor Shubei Ma and Hongling Zhao for repeatedly revising this article and my unit for providing me with the platform. We would also like to thank the United Imaging platform on which the model was trained. I would like to thank American Journal Experts (www.aje.cn) for English language editing. To analyse the relationships among the degree of migraine with RLS, white matter lesions and brain structural volume, 102 migraineurs with RLS were selected. The RLS flow and HIT-6 score were recorded to reflect the degree of headache. The brain structural volumes were calculated with artificial intelligence. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. There were significant differences in WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades and MIDAS grades. There was a significant difference in the volume of brain structures, and there was a significant difference among migraineurs with different RLS flows, HIT-6 grades and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volumes. There was a positive correlation between frontal pole volume and RLS flow. The volume of specific brain structures was negatively correlated with RLS flow but positively correlated with HIT-6 grade. The volume of specific brain structures was negatively correlated with the HIT-6 grade. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow or migraine severity. Volume changes occurred in parts of brain structures of migraineurs with RLS. Shunt flow and the degree of migraine in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in some brain regions. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Research involving human participants, human material, or human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the ethics committee of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital (approval number: 2022-039-60). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All the human subjects in this study provided written informed consent for their participation in our research. Conflicts of interest The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest. Funding This work was supported by the Dalian Central Hospital “peak plan” science and technology project (Grant ID: 2022ZZ215). 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Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 07 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 22 Oct, 2024 Reviews received at journal 21 Oct, 2024 Reviews received at journal 12 Oct, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Oct, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Oct, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 02 Oct, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 02 Oct, 2024 Editor invited by journal 21 Aug, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 26 Jul, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4810764","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":355906546,"identity":"50d08b07-0178-454b-8983-7a6c49cde084","order_by":0,"name":"Xin Pan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xin","middleName":"","lastName":"Pan","suffix":""},{"id":355906547,"identity":"a05e6378-6aae-4dfa-a579-12e8f3a0963f","order_by":1,"name":"Haoran Ren","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The Third People' s Hospital of Datong Affiliated with Shanxi Medical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haoran","middleName":"","lastName":"Ren","suffix":""},{"id":355906548,"identity":"3e7580be-f1d6-4893-bdae-4c2b6de8974d","order_by":2,"name":"Lili Xie","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lili","middleName":"","lastName":"Xie","suffix":""},{"id":355906549,"identity":"b33b17d0-14af-4ff4-ade4-8490c6a9d3c1","order_by":3,"name":"Yu Zou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Zou","suffix":""},{"id":355906550,"identity":"3562908c-06b6-4659-829f-59d791276908","order_by":4,"name":"Furong Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Furong","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":355906551,"identity":"3006bf68-2bf0-4dcf-8873-e7172f5133fb","order_by":5,"name":"Xiaowen Sui","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaowen","middleName":"","lastName":"Sui","suffix":""},{"id":355906552,"identity":"9421baa3-4901-440b-9ced-5e415b1b8e1e","order_by":6,"name":"Li Cui","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Li","middleName":"","lastName":"Cui","suffix":""},{"id":355906553,"identity":"daa9f74a-7a04-4722-844a-581b374c4daa","order_by":7,"name":"Zhengping Cheng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhengping","middleName":"","lastName":"Cheng","suffix":""},{"id":355906554,"identity":"cfddc71e-a0cc-43c5-a034-c626d2dd85b1","order_by":8,"name":"Jiaojiao Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiaojiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":355906555,"identity":"e95a74e0-3d07-4632-b955-917e347eb9bb","order_by":9,"name":"Feng Shi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Feng","middleName":"","lastName":"Shi","suffix":""},{"id":355906556,"identity":"bd885fcf-819b-4f45-a3e2-3ff88ec8d956","order_by":10,"name":"Hongling Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hongling","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":355906557,"identity":"cebb6954-4af1-44d0-bafa-e9c033a4bad5","order_by":11,"name":"Shubei Ma","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACHjaGhAobHn4GxgYGBgMbO+K0PDiTJifZANJSkJZMlBbGh22HjQ0OgDgfDoE04ge6/WePPUhsS0vcfCO57QGDwQFmBvbDRzfg02J2Iy/dIOGcTeK2G4ntBgwGd/gYeNLSbuDXwmMmkVCWlrjtzME2CQaDZ8wMEjxm+LWcPwPUwnY4cXMPWMthxgaCWg7kALWAvM/eSKyWGznmBgnAQJY43thukGCQlsxG0C9Ahz38AYrKZvZnDz78sbHjZz98DK8WZABMBmCSBECS4lEwCkbBKBhBAABsdk7xhsMD5AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shubei","middleName":"","lastName":"Ma","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-07-27 03:06:08","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4810764/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4810764/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85205-w","type":"published","date":"2025-01-07T15:57:17+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":66652642,"identity":"9b044f24-ec53-47b9-97c7-0ed9e16c70eb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-15 07:50:24","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":866291,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe intelligent analysis method of high white matter signals was used to accurately quantify the high-signal volume of the lateral ventricular margin, periventricular white matter, deep white matter and subcortical white matter and the proportion of high white matter signals in the whole brain, and the Fazekas score was intelligently calculated according to authoritative guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4810764/v1/37b95f5abbdf427b29102329.png"},{"id":66652644,"identity":"abbc4e1c-882f-415a-b982-e2fe646bc1d6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-15 07:50:24","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":825458,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAutomatic segmentation of the whole brain produced 157 subregions. The volume and volume proportions of these 157 brain regions were calculated accurately, and sagittal, coronal and axial sections of the hippocampus were measured.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4810764/v1/9cb5a596d449f2846511796c.png"},{"id":66654074,"identity":"166c9260-93a5-4b43-b9ee-1f836dc0bb1a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-15 07:58:24","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":111712,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of high signal intensity in cortical white matter regions.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4810764/v1/7b169adcda134a76dc6d44bc.png"},{"id":73693837,"identity":"0d4115ed-db21-4a2f-8e31-3de61f70e86e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-13 16:08:16","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4516582,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4810764/v1/692f441c-aeee-4ad7-8466-0e264f5a892a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Analysis of the relationship between the degree of migraine with right-to-left shunt and changes in white matter lesions and brain structural volume","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eMigraine is a common disease of the nervous system that is characterized by recurrent, unilateral, moderate-to-severe pulsatile headache accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In China, it has been reported that migraineurs may experience aura symptoms\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Previous studies have shown that the annual incidence of migraine in the general adult population is as high as 33\u0026nbsp;million. The incidence of migraine is greater in women than in men. At the peak age for migraine, the incidence in women is 2\u0026ndash;3 times greater than that in men\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR5\" citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study revealed that the overall annual prevalence of migraine is 14.4%, with a prevalence of 18.9% for women and 9.8% for men\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The pathogenesis of migraine includes sensitization, trigeminal neurovascular system (TVS) damage, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and cerebral spreading depression (CSD).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCardiac right-to-left shunt (RLS) diseases include patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). PFO is the most common RLS disease seen in the clinic, accounting for approximately 95% of all circulatory RLS diseases. RLSs can be classified into three levels: small shunts, medium shunts and large shunts. RLS is closely related to migraine. The incidence of RLS in patients with aura migraine is reportedly 2.5 times greater than that in healthy individuals\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The mechanism for this relationship may involve the entrance of a microthrombus into the systemic circulation directly without being filtered by the pulmonary circulation, and the inability of haemoglobin to exchange oxygen molecules in the lungs causing hypoxemia, which affects the cerebrovascular system and trigeminal nervous system, leading to migraine\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, RLS can activate platelets and trigger the release of vasoactive substances such as serotonin and CGRP, which aggravate stimulation of the cerebrovascular system and trigeminal nervous system\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Finally, the correlation between RLS and migraine may be genetic. One study revealed that some families exhibit autosomal dominant inheritance of RLS associated with aura migraines. Therefore, there may be a specific genetic basis for the abnormality of the atrial septum that is associated with migraine\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the 2016 GBD study, migraine is the second most common nervous system dysfunction\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e and is associated with anxiety, depression and sleep disorders. Some studies have also shown that migraine may increase the risk of cognitive impairment and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Migraine attacks often affect the daily activities of patients and seriously affect their work, study and social roles. A questionnaire on the degree of disability related to migraine can be used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of disability caused by migraine. In addition to being used in research, these questionnaires can also help doctors assess the degree of headache in migraineurs. A variety of scales are used to reflect the degree of migraine disability, the most common of which is the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Because the HIT-6 scale is easily understood by the public, it is often used on the internet to help patients understand the burden caused by headaches.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the context of imaging research, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that migraine with RLS can lead to white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraineurs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR15\" citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. A study on the relationship between RLS and WMLs by Iwasaki et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e revealed that the presence of RLS is the only independent risk factor for WMLs in migraineurs with RLS. The possible pathogenesis of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS includes abnormal embolism, in which microemboli enter the systemic circulation directly from the venous system, resulting in abnormal embolism and WMLs in migraineurs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, and vasoactive substances, such as interleukins and serotonin, which directly enter the arterial system due to RLS and stimulate intracranial sensitive neurovascular tissues, resulting in abnormal contraction and relaxation of intracranial blood vessels, headache and WMLs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. However, to date, few correlations have been reported between WML severity and RLS flow or headache in migraineurs with RLS. An increasing number of studies have identified functional connectivity changes in the brain regions involved in pain regulation, sensory discrimination, pain cognition and pain emotion in migraineurs through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and some brain regions exhibit abnormal activation patterns.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study focused on migraineurs with RLS to explore where WMLs are more likely to occur, the correlations among RLS flow, WML severity and brain structural volume changes, and the correlations among headache degree, WML severity and brain structural volume changes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe subjects of this study were migraineurs with RLS examined at Dalian Central Hospital from December 1, 2018, to December 1, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Data selection\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe inclusion criteria for patients were as follows: 1. headache symptoms were consistent with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-III) proposed by the International Headache Society revised in 2018; 2. a contrast-transcranial Doppler (c-TCD) examination clearly revealed RLS; and 3. a plain MRI scan of the skull, including T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, was performed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe exclusion criteria were as follows: 1. history of cerebrovascular disease; 2. severe intracranial and extracranial macrovascular stenosis and occlusion confirmed by imaging; 3. WMLs with other causes, such as multiple sclerosis; 4. hypertension, diabetes, tumours and other serious medical diseases; and 5. space-occupying lesions observed on head MRI.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrouping criteria\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo study the correlations among RLS flow, headache degree and WML severity, 102 migraineurs with cardiac RLS were divided into two groups according to RLS flow and headache degree.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo study the correlations among RLS flow, headache degree and changes in brain structural volume, 102 migraineurs with RLS were included in the study group, and healthy individuals matched by age and sex comprised the control group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Research methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.1 RLS detection methods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA transcranial Doppler (TCD) device was used for c-TCD ultrasonography examination. The patients were examined in the supine position using a 2-MHz pulsed wave TCD probe with a depth of 50\u0026ndash;60 mm, and the unilateral (left or right) middle cerebral artery (MCA) was monitored through the temporal bone window. Ten millilitres of activated normal saline were injected into the median cubital vein of each patient, and the number of microembolic signals (MESs) within 20 s was counted. Saline (10 ml) was reactivated by pellet injection, the patients were instructed to perform the standard Valsalva manoeuvre, and the number of microemboli within 20 s was counted. MESs were divided into RLS small flows (1\u0026ndash;10 MESs), RLS medium flows (11\u0026ndash;25 MESs) and RLS large flows (\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;25 MESs).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.2 Detection of WMLs and volume changes in 157 brain regions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll the subjects were scanned with a GE Pioneer 3.0T MR scanner. All the subjects underwent conventional T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR imaging. The scanning parameters were as follows: repetition time (TR), 1,750 ms; echo time (TE), 24.0 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer number, 20; layer spacing, 1 mm; matrix, 256 \u0026times; 256; field of view (FOV), 220 mm \u0026times; 220 mm; and scanning time, 160 s. 2. T2WI parameters: TR, 6,859 ms; TE, 152.2 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer spacing, 1 mm; layer number, 20; matrix, 256 \u0026times; 256; FOV, 220 mm \u0026times; 220 mm; and scanning time, 70 s. 3. FLAIR parameters: TR, 12,000 ms; TE, 140 ms; layer thickness, 6 mm; layer spacing, 1 mm; layer number, 20; matrix, 256 \u0026times; 256; FOV, 220 mm \u0026times; 220 mm; and scanning time, 160 s.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWMLs exhibited high signal intensity on T2WI and FLAIR images and equal or low signal intensity on T1WI images. To evaluate the severity of WMLs, the intelligent analysis method was applied to high signals in white matter to automatically and synchronously correlate the patients' past examination data and accurately register and compare the lesions. The high-signal volumes of the lateral ventricular margin, periventricular white matter, deep white matter, and subcortical white matter were accurately quantified; the percentage of high-signal cerebral white matter compared with the whole-brain white matter was determined; and the Fazekas score, which effectively indicates ischaemic changes, demyelination changes and other pathological processes, was calculated according to authoritative guidelines. Finally, the high-signal report of brain white matter was generated automatically according to the intelligent diagnosis results. The high signal intensity of white matter in the margin of the lateral ventricle was located\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;3 mm from the surface of the ventricle; the high signal intensity of periventricular white matter was 3\u0026ndash;13 mm away from the surface of the ventricle; the high signal intensity of deep white matter was located between those of periventricular white matter and subcortical white matter; and the high signal intensity of subcortical white matter was \u0026le;\u0026thinsp;4 mm from the cortical medulla junction (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe whole-brain partition of each patient was based on the T1WI partition and was automatically extracted by a deep learning model trained on the United Imaging platform. Automatic segmentation of the whole brain produced 157 subregions, and the left and right parts of each brain structure were also identified. Once the automatic segmentation results of the deep learning model were obtained, they were evaluated by two senior radiologists with more than 5 years of experience in radiation diagnosis. The intelligent analysis function of brain volume change generated a follow-up curve according to the patient's previous examination results, compared it with the population distribution of big data, and automatically calculated the volume and volume proportions of 157 brain regions (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.3 Statistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe data used in this study were analysed via SPSS 26.0 software, GraphPad and RStudio.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of WML distribution in migraineurs: The chi-square test was used to compare counting data groups. Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the means\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard deviations and were analysed using ANOVA. Continuous variables that did not have a normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 and Q3), and the Kruskal‒Wallis H test was used for analysis. Multiple hypothesis test correction was performed with Dunn's test.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWML difference analysis: Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard deviation. Continuous variables with a non-normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 and Q3). Categorical variables are expressed as numbers (percentages). The comparison of continuous variables between two groups was performed with a t test for variables that satisfied the criteria of independence, a normal distribution and homogeneity of variance; otherwise, the Mann‒Whitney U test was used. For comparisons among three or four groups, an ANOVA was used for variables that satisfied the independence, normal distribution and homogeneity of variance criteria; otherwise, the Kruskal‒Wallis H test was used. For comparisons of categorical variables, the chi-square test was used. P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the differences in brain volume between migraineurs and normal controls: Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as the average\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard deviation; the independent sample t test was used for analysis, and the difference between the two groups was calculated as the difference in the average. Continuous variables that did not have a normal distribution are expressed as the median (Q1 - Q3), and the Mann‒Whitney U test was used for analysis; the difference between the two groups was calculated as the median difference. Multiple hypothesis tests were corrected by the false discovery rate (FDR). P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001 indicated statistical significance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the differences among RLS grade, HIT-6 score and changes in brain structural volume: Two-way ANOVA was used for analysis. Multiple hypothesis tests included two-stage Benjamini, Krieger and Yekutieli FDR correction. P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe correlation between WMLs and brain volume was statistically analysed via Spearman correlation analysis. P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001 was considered statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Distribution of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were mainly concentrated in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, frontal lobe and occipital lobe (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWML distribution in migraineurs with RLS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOccurrence of WML\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVolume (mm3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProportion (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh signal in lateral ventricular margin white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e102(100%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2127.1(1566.0,3332.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44(0.34,0.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh signal in periventricular white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98(96.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e366.0(176.8,1242.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08(0.04,0.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh signal in deep white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e102(100%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e586.3(345.9,1129.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13(0.08,0.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh signal in subcortical white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98(96.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e129.6(79.8,323.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03(0.02,0.07)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Analysis of the differences in WML variables with different RLS grades\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere was no significant difference in any WML variable (volume of high-signal cerebral white matter, percentage of high-signal cerebral white matter volume in the whole-brain white matter volume, Fazekas score) among migraine patients with different RLS grades.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Analysis of the differences in WML variables across different HIT-6 grades\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere were significant differences in 6 WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades. The 6 variables were right parietal white matter high signal volume (mm\u0026sup3;), right temporal white matter high signal volume (mm\u0026sup3;), right cerebellar white matter high signal volume (mm\u0026sup3;), right parietal white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%), right temporal white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%), and right cerebellar white matter percentage of whole-brain white matter high signal (%) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe differential white matter high signals were compared in pairs; the volume and volume proportion of white matter high signals in the same region were consistent (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDifference analysis of WML variables across different HIT-6 grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;102)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 IV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parietal white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e267.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(92.3,852.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(35.4,81.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e376.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(138.5,862.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e193.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(68.9,351.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e289.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(129.2,1282.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,97.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,35.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,239.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,36.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.8,132.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,2.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parietal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.1,18.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.8,1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.9,19.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.6,8.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.3,27.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,\u0026nbsp;0.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,2.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0,0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComparison of differences in WML variables across different HIT-6 grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDifferential WML position\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ vs. Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ vs. Ⅲ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ vs. Ⅳ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ vs. Ⅲ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ vs. Ⅳ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ vs. Ⅳ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parietal white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.088\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.125\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.586\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.940\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.279\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.731\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter high signal volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.461\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.754\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parietal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.071\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.145\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.615\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.974\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter percentage of whole brain white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.321\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.396\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.321\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Correlation analysis between RLS grades and WML variables\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo correlation was found between the RLS grade and the WML variables measured in this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5. Correlation analysis between HIT-6 grades and WML variables\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo correlation was found between HIT-6 grades and the WML variables measured in this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.6. Analysis of the difference in brain structural volume between migraineurs and normal controls\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe differences in brain structural volume between migraineurs and normal controls were analysed. The differences in the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, frontal pole, medial orbitofrontal lobe, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, lateral occipital gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, lingual gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, paracentral lobule, optic chiasm, putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, ventral diencephalon, pons, cerebellar grey matter, choroid plexus, corpus callosum, cerebral white matter, cerebellar white matter, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were statistically significant (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe brain volume of migraineurs was significantly greater than that of normal subjects in the frontal lobe (frontal pole, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part), parietal lobe (inferior parietal lobule), temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe), occipital lobe (supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus), cingulate gyrus (isthmus of the cingulate gyrus), subcortical grey matter structures (ventral diencephalon, caudate nucleus), pons, corpus callosum (anterior, middle, posterior), peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, optic chiasm, and ventricles (lateral ventricle, third ventricle). The brain volume of migraineurs was significantly smaller than that of normal subjects in the frontal lobe (precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and medial orbitofrontal gyrus), paracentral lobule, parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), temporal lobe (parahippocampal gyrus, temporal pole, slope part of superior temporal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, fusiform gyrus), occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus (anterior cingulate gyrus and posterior cingulate gyrus), subcortical grey matter structures (putamen, globus pallidus, and nucleus accumbens), choroid plexus, cerebral white matter, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, and fourth ventricle (Tables\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab7\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegions of increased volume of brain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResearch group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eControl group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiscrepancy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.34\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.70\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.75\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.79\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.23\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.57\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal caudate nucleus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.84\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.53\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.26\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.03\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.52\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.51\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.17\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.17\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.91\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.49\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lateral occipital gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.32\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e370.70\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;44.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e289.00\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;50.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOptic chiasm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMiddle part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.11\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.55\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(7.18, 8.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(6.48, 7.45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsthmus of total cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.35, 5.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.20, 5.11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsthmus of right cingulate gyrus isthmus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.21, 2.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.06, 2.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight caudate nucleus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(3.06, 3.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.99, 3.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(14.73, 26.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.90, 20.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(7.67, 14.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(5.89, 11.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(7.19, 12.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.75, 9.44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of total lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.68, 1.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.30, 0.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of left lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.29, 0.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.12, 0.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of right lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.32, 0.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.14, 0.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal inferior parietal lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(26.23, 30.80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(24.50, 28.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(6.42, 7.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(5.89, 7.18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight anterior cuneiform lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(9.59, 11.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(9.17, 10.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal supramarginal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(21.00, 25.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(19.34, 22.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight supramarginal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.64, 12.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(9.10, 10.88)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(22.92, 27.41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(21.67, 24.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(11.28, 13.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.83, 12.51)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThird ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.24, 2.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.81, 1.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(18.22, 21.09)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(13.58, 15.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.16, 1.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.89, 1.08)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab8\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegions with decreased brain structure volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResearch group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eControl group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiscrepancy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.71\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.99\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.94\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.17\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.38\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.26\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.05\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.91\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.62\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.79\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.00\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.73\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.62\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.99\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.16\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of the total middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.70\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of right middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.74\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.63\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.34\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.94\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.78\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.48\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.93\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.33\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.60\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.84\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.35\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.66\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.33\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.48\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.95\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal choroid plexus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft choroid plexus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.80\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.21\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.99\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.42\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.82\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.79\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.10\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.93\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.61\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.59\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of total superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.81\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;42.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e433.80\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;43.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-65.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184.10\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216.80\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-32.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184.40\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217.00\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-32.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(36.90, 43.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(39.07, 45.80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.31, 20.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(18.86, 21.89)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of left middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.46, 5.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(5.44, 6.59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft medial orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.03, 4.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.67, 5.44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.52, 3.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.84, 3.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.55, 3.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(3.72, 4.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.15, 1.55)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.81, 2.18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.18, 4.77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(4.44, 5.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.74, 0.99)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.93, 1.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.82, 3.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(3.41, 4.06)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.30, 1.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.76, 2.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(14.42, 17.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(16.92, 19.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(7.17, 8.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(8.40, 9.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(6.93, 8.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(8.29, 9.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of left superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.33, 2.1432)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.01, 2.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(87.83, 98.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(92.71, 104.10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-6.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(43.22, 49.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(46.22, 52.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(43.77, 49.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(46.35, 51.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.48, 21.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(23.66, 26.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-5.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(8.75, 10.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(12.42, 13.90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(8.80, 10.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(11.19, 12.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFourth ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.72, 0.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.36, 1.97)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.7. Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different RLS grades\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere were statistically significant differences in total lateral ventricle volume, right cerebral white matter volume, left cerebral white matter volume, total cerebellar grey matter volume and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volume between different RLS grades (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e). In the pairwise comparisons of these differential brain structures, the statistical results were consistent (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab10\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different RLS grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eControl group (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;102)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRLS I (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRLS II (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRLS III (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.3(10.9,20.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.2(14.7,27.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.0(13.9,25.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.8(15.8,28.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e278.3(251.6,320.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e387.2(356.2,407.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e357.7(339.8,387.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e367.7(346.1,397.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.2(92.7,104.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.3(88.8,105.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.4(88.7,97.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91.7(87.4,97.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e186.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e185.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e185.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e433.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;44.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e362.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;46.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e372.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;47.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e369.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;37.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab12\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 7\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComparison of the changes in brain structural volume among different RLS grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDifferential brain regions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 vs. I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 vs. II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 vs. III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI vs. II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI vs. III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII vs. III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2483\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2634\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0321\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5721\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0041\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.521\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1415\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3954\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1312\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3764\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2084\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2084\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1641\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1653\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0915\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.8. Analysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different HIT-6 grades\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere were statistically significant differences in total lateral ventricle volume, total cerebral white matter volume, total cerebellar white matter volume, left cerebral white matter volume, right cerebral white matter volume and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volume among different HIT-6 grades (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e). In the pairwise comparisons of these differential brain structures, the statistical results were consistent (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab14\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 8\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the differences in brain structural volume changes across different HIT-6 grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;102)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 III\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHIT-6 IV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(10.9,20.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(5.5,26.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(14.7,26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(11.3,30.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(15.4,29.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e433.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;44.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e399.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;45.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e371.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;42.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e359.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;40.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e369.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;43.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(23.7,26.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.9,21.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.8,21.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.5,20.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(17.5,21.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e185.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e179.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e201.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e186.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e180.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e278.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(251.6,320.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e386.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(279.2,396.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e375.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(347.0,410.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e364.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(342.3,386.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e369.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(344.5,398.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab16\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 9\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComparison of the changes in brain structural volume among different HIT-6 grades\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDifferential brain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅠ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅡ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅢ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eⅣ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.890\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.890\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.890\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.943\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.534\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.304\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.943\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.534\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.304\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.411\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.046\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.9. Analysis of the correlation between RLS flow and brain structural volume changes\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe brain regions with significantly strong correlations with RLS flow were the frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, rectangular gyrus, cingulate gyrus, ventral diencephalon, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, optic chiasm, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter, and fourth ventricle (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e). The volumes of the frontal lobe (frontal pole, orbital part, and lateral orbitofrontal lobe), temporal lobe (anterior cuneiform lobe, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus), occipital lobe (lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and lingual gyrus), optic chiasm, subcortical grey matter structures (ventral diencephalon), pons, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, third ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were positively correlated with RLS flow. The volumes of the frontal lobe (superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), temporal lobe (slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus), paracentral lobule, occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus, subcortical grey matter structures (globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens), cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter, and fourth ventricle were negatively correlated with RLS flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab18\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 10\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the correlation between RLS flow and brain structural volume changes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRelativity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% confidence interval\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.693, 0.811]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.683, 0.804]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.744\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.676, 0.800]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.719\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.645, 0.779]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMiddle part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.698\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.620, 0.762]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOptic chiasm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.696\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.618, 0.761]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.673\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.590, 0.742]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.541, 0.708]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.622\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.530, 0.700]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.569\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.468, 0.655]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.566\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.465, 0.653]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.562\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.461, 0.650]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.519\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.411, 0.613]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.400, 0.604]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.472\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.357, 0.572]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of total lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.456\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.340, 0.559]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of right lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.453\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.337, 0.556]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.328, 0.549]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThird ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.430\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.311, 0.535]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of left lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.407\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.285, 0.515]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight supramarginal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.272, 0.505]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.390\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.266, 0.500]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.251, 0.488]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.353\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.227, 0.468]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.351\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.225, 0.466]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.293\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.162, 0.414]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lateral occipital gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.278\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.146, 0.400]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.264\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.131, 0.387]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.130, 0.386]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.261\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.128, 0.385]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.122, 0.380]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.250\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.117, 0.375]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.112, 0.370]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight anterior cuneiform lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.111, 0.369]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFourth ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.700\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.764, -0.622]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.244\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.369, -0.110]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.272\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.394, -0.140]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.390, -0.134]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.486, -0.250]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.475, -0.235]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.355\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.470, -0.229]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.394\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.504, -0.272]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.258\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.382, -0.125]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.412, -0.161]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.283\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.405, -0.151]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.281\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.403, -0.149]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedial part of left orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.279\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.401, -0.148]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of right middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.421\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.528, -0.301]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.416\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.524, -0.296]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.410\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.518, -0.289]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.669\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.739, -0.586]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.662\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.733, -0.577]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.723, -0.564]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.642\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.716, -0.554]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.605\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.685, -0.510]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.595\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.677, -0.499]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.592\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.675, -0.495]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.590\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.673, -0.492]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.585\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.668, -0.486]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.573\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.659, -0.473]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.563\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.650, -0.461]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.344\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.459, -0.217]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.450, -0.206]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.331\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.448, -0.203]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.325\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.443, -0.197]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.323\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.441, -0.194]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.321\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.439, -0.192]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of total superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.315\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.433, -0.185]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.309\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.429, -0.180]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.427, -0.178]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.297\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.417, -0.166]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.294\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.415, -0.164]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.555\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.643, -0.452]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.530\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.622, -0.423]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.527\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.619, -0.420]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.521\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.615, -0.413]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.604, -0.399]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.505\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.601, -0.395]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of total middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.596, -0.389]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.590, -0.381]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.485\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.584, -0.372]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.480\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.579, -0.367]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of left middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.470\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.570, -0.356]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.435\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.540, -0.317]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of left superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.432\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.538, -0.313]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.10. Analysis of the correlation between HIT-6 grades and brain structural volume changes\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe brain regions with significant strong correlations with HIT-6 grades were the frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, rectangular gyrus, cingulate gyrus, ventral diencephalon, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, optic chiasm, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, and cerebral white matter (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e). The volumes of the frontal lobe (frontal pole, orbital part, lateral orbitofrontal lobe), temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus), occipital lobe (supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus), subcortical grey matter (ventral diencephalon), optic chiasm, third ventricle, pons, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid were positively correlated with the HIT-6 grade. The volumes of the frontal lobe (precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, caudal part of the middle frontal gyrus, medial orbitofrontal gyrus), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), paracentral lobule, temporal lobe (parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus), occipital lobe (rectangular gyrus), cingulate gyrus, subcortical grey matter structures (globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, putamen), cerebellar grey matter, cerebellar white matter, cerebral white matter and fourth ventricle were negatively correlated with HIT-6 grades.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tab19\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003eTable 11\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the correlation between HIT-6 grades and brain structural volume changes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrain structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRelativity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% confidence interval\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.803\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.748, 0.847]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.802\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.747, 0.846]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft ventral diencephalon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.781\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.721, 0.830]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.769\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.706, 0.820]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOptic chiasm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.761\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.697, 0.814]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMiddle part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.742\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.673, 0.798]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.690\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.610, 0.755]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.684\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.604, 0.751]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.682\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.601, 0.750]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeripheral cerebrospinal fluid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.623\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.531, 0.700]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.559\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.456, 0.646]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior midbody of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.551\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.448, 0.640]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior part of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.427, 0.625]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.505\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.395, 0.601]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.472\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.358, 0.572]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.463\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.347, 0.564]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of total lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.347, 0.564]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThird ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.346, 0.563]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of right lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.457\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.341, 0.559]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight frontal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.418\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.298, 0.525]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior horn of left lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.414\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.293, 0.522]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight supramarginal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.391\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.268, 0.501]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.376\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.252, 0.488]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLateral part of left orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.372\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.248, 0.485]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight orbital part\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.351\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.224, 0.466]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.313\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.183, 0.431]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lateral occipital gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.301\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.171, 0.421]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.288\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.157, 0.409]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lingual gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.152, 0.405]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.144, 0.398]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft lateral ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.259\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.126, 0.383]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.247\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.114, 0.372]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight inferior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.111, 0.370]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.746\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.802, -0.679]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFourth ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.740\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.797, -0.671]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.710\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.772, -0.635]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.657\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.729, -0.572]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.657\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.729, -0.571]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebellar white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.645\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.718, -0.557]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.712, -0.547]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.632\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.708, -0.542]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.629\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.705, -0.538]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.622\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.699, -0.529]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.612\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.691, -0.518]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.582\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.666, -0.483]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.581\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.666, -0.483]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebral white matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.578\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.663, -0.479]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.648, -0.458]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft parahippocampal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.557\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.645, -0.455]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft precentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.544\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.634, -0.440]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.632, -0.437]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.537\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.628, -0.431]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of total middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.516\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.610, -0.408]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight temporal pole\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.508\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.603, -0.398]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.502\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.598, -0.392]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of left middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.465\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.566, -0.350]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaudal part of right middle frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.456\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.559, -0.340]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.442\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.546, -0.324]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of left superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.425\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.531, -0.306]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.422\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.529, -0.302]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.421\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.528, -0.301]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.381\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.493, -0.257]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.379\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.491, -0.255]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.487, -0.250]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.487, -0.250]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.372\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.484, -0.247]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.371\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.484, -0.247]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft fusiform gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.364\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.477, -0.238]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft rectangular gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.354\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.468, -0.227]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.347\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.462, -0.220]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedial part of left orbitofrontal lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.346\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.461, -0.219]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight paracentral lobule\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.344\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.459, -0.217]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal globus pallidus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.336\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.452, -0.208]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSlope part of total superior temporal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.327\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.444, -0.198]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.319\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.437, -0.190]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft postcentral gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.423, -0.173]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft posterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.297\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.417, -0.166]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight anterior cingulate gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.289\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.410, -0.158]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal entorhinal cortex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.406, -0.153]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.385, -0.129]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.385, -0.129]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.259\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.383, -0.127]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal superior frontal gyrus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.252\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.376, -0.119]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft putamen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.370, -0.111]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft cerebellar grey matter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.37, -0.111]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight nucleus accumbens\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.242\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.368, -0.109]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Analysis and Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, the WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were found to be concentrated mainly in the lateral ventricular marginal white matter and deep white matter. A retrospective study of 425 headache patients (303 women; 242 migraineurs, 183 tension-type headache patients) revealed an increased prevalence of deep WMLs in migraineurs with RLS \u003csup\u003e14]\u003c/sup\u003e. Mark C. Kruit et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e reported that the incidence of deep WMLs in female migraineurs was greater than that in control individuals and that deep WMLs increased with increasing migraine attack frequency but were not related to migraine subtype; in addition, there was no correlation between periventricular WML severity and sex, migraine frequency or migraine subtype in migraineurs. At present, there are few studies on the distribution of WMLs in lateral ventricular marginal white matter and deep white matter in migraineurs with RLS, and more studies are needed to determine the pathogenesis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, we found that subcortical WMLs were concentrated in the parietal frontal lobe and occipital lobe in migraineurs with RLS. A study by Signorielloe et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e revealed that PFO may be associated with WMLs in migraineurs and that WMLs are more likely to occur in the occipital lobe; in particular, visual aura was associated with occipital lobe lesions. Another study showed that in migraineurs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, RLS was associated with near-cortical WMLs, mainly in the frontal and parietal lobes, which are located in the blood supply area of the anterior cerebral artery. However, the exact mechanism underlying this effect is not clear. The WMLs near the cortex may be caused by the mechanism of embolization. With changes in chest pressure, microemboli intermittently enter the brain due to the RLS in the heart. This mechanism may occur because the anterior cerebral artery is the direct continuation of the end of the internal carotid artery, and the blood flow resistance is lower than that in other large intracranial arteries; thus, the microemboli can easily enter the distribution area of the anterior cerebral artery and then distribute along the blood vessels to the farthest end. However, a limitation of this study is that migraineurs without RLS were not included in the control group, preventing a better reflection of the WML distribution characteristics of migraine patients with RLS.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWith respect to the relationship between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS, a multicentre study in 2018 involving 334 migraineurs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e reported that WML severity in migraineurs with RLS was not associated with RLS flow. The conclusions of this study are consistent with those of previous studies. Similarly, another study revealed that WMLs do not increase with increasing RLS flow\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Park et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e reported a correlation between RLS flow and deep WMLs (OR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.240, P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01), and RLS was an independent risk factor for the severity of small deep WMLs. The varying conclusions of these studies may be related to differences in the race of the participants, the definition and classification of WMLs, age, MRI equipment, setting parameters and research methods.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study found no relationship between WML severity and headache severity in migraineurs with RLS. A study by Junyan Huo et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e suggested that the severity of WMLs in migraineurs with RLS was not related to the severity or duration of headache. This finding is consistent with the results of previous studies\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR26 CR27 CR28 CR29 CR30 CR31\" citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrently, some neuroscientists believe that the pathophysiology of migraine has evolved from the initial vasodilation hypothesis to brain dysfunction involving pain and other organ processing\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Neuroscientists have used fMRI to observe the brain under visual, olfactory, cognitive, motor and other stimuli, which can induce migraine attacks, increasing the understanding of the pathogenesis of migraine. Under pain stimulation, abnormal activation has been observed in the brain regions involved in pain regulation, sensory discrimination, pain cognition and pain emotion. The activation of the thalamus, hippocampus, temporal pole, middle cingulate gyrus and fusiform gyrus increased, and the activation of brain regions such as the secondary somatosensory cortex and precentral gyrus decreased. Under olfactory stimulation, cortical structures related to smell, such as the temporal pole and superior temporal gyrus, are abnormally activated\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, the rostral structure of the pontine, which is closely related to the trigeminal pain pathway, is abnormally activated, which explains the symptoms of osmophobia in migraineurs and why a specific smell can induce migraine attacks. Under visual stimulation, the visual cortex is significantly activated\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, which may explain photophobia during migraine attacks and why visual stimulation can induce headache attacks. Abnormalities in brain networks and functional connections, including the occipital lobe, sensorimotor network, bilateral lateral and inferior cerebellum, cingulate network, default mode network and frontoparietal network, can also be observed in migraineurs at rest\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In recent years, studies on the brain networks of migraineurs and models of dynamic functional connectors have shown that the thalamus, occipital lobe and basal nucleus play important roles in transmitting pain, regulating vision and integrating pain\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn increasing number of studies have revealed evidence of structural abnormalities in grey matter in migraineurs, suggesting that grey matter is related to the neural network involved in pain management. In some studies, surface-based morphology (SBM) and voxel-based morphology (VBM) were used, and a significant decrease was observed in grey matter volume in some regions, such as the left precentral gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus, which participate in the pain loop\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, and the volume of grey matter in visual areas V3 and V5 of the right occipital cortex decreased\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The volume of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, which is involved in the transmission and regulation of intracranial vascular and meningeal trauma information, and the cerebellum, which is involved in pain information, decreased\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. However, other studies have shown that the thicknesses of certain areas of the cortex can also be increased in migraineurs\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR47\" citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal the structure of white matter, especially the course and structure of the axons of nerve cells. Planchuelo-G\u0026oacute;mez et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e reported a positive correlation between the course of chronic migraine and bilateral external fractional anisotropy (FA) and a negative correlation between the onset time of chronic migraine and the average radial diffusivity (RD) value of the bilateral external capsule. These findings indicate that there are differences in white matter structure between paroxysmal migraine and chronic migraine. Compared with that of patients with paroxysmal migraine, the axonal integrity of patients with chronic migraine is impaired in the early stage of headache attack. Porcaro et al.\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e analysed the DTI parameters of the whole hypothalamus and its subregions in 20 patients with aura migraine during headache attack and 20 healthy controls. Compared with those in the healthy control group, the mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and RD in the hypothalamus of patients with aura migraine changed significantly. These findings indicate that the hypothalamus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aura migraines.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn summary, migraine can affect the white matter and grey matter of the human brain, but studies on the volume changes in these 157 brain regions in migraineurs with RLS are lacking. In this study, the brain structural volume of migraineurs with RLS changed significantly in the paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, frontal pole, medial orbitofrontal lobe, lateral orbitofrontal lobe, orbital part, lingual gyrus, cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, optic chiasm, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, ventral diencephalon, pons, cerebellar grey matter, choroid plexus, corpus callosum, cerebral white matter, cerebellar white matter, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid. The volumes of the frontal pole, temporal pole, slope part of the superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, rectangular gyrus, anterior cuneiform lobe, lateral occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus, optic chiasm, pons, ventral diencephalon, corpus callosum, third ventricle, peripheral cerebrospinal fluid, entorhinal cortex, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, globus pallidus and nucleus accumbens were also significantly correlated with RLS flow and headache severity. These findings indicate that the human brain exhibits adaptive changes in response to migraine. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not clear. Previous studies have shown that some symptoms of migraine can be caused by the excitation of dopaminergic neurons and that migraineurs are highly sensitive to dopamine receptors\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR52\" citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Dopamine receptors are distributed in the caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, lateral papillary nucleus, Calleja island, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medial temporal lobe, optic tract, cerebral cortex, telencephalon, frontal cortex, and retina, among others.. This finding is highly consistent with the changes in brain volume observed in this study, which may indicate that some changes in brain structural volume in this study may be related to the involvement of dopamine in the pathogenesis of migraine.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn in-depth study of the factors related to brain structural volume changes in migraineurs with RLS may provide clues for exploring the pathogenesis of migraine with RLS. This study is novel in that, to date, no correlation study on the changes in brain structural volume in migraineurs with RLS has been performed. However, the sample size included in this study was small and therefore prone to bias errors. In addition, the changes in brain structural volume in migraineurs without RLS were not compared with those in migraineurs with RLS to determine the specificity of brain structural volume changes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMigraine is a complex disease that can be affected by different psychological conditions, different environments, and biochemical and neurophysiological factors \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The threshold of headache differs depending on the individual. Even in the same patient, the threshold of headache will change under different conditions. Moreover, headache can be caused by a variety of factors or one decisive factor, such as fluctuations in oestrogen, which plays a decisive role in menstrual migraine\u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. All the above factors may have had an impact on the results of the study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe main limitations of this study are as follows: 1. With respect to imaging methods, the thickness and spacing of head MR images are relatively large, which results in some lesions being missed, which impacts the results of the study. 2. In this study, migraineurs without RLS were not included in the control group to reflect the specificity of WMLs and brain structural volume changes in migraineurs with RLS. 3. The small sample size is the main limitation of this study. The sample size is small because this study was a single-centre study, and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented to determine the number of subjects. All migraineurs with RLS had to meet the international diagnostic criteria for headache classification, and drug abuse and other types of headache had to be excluded, slowing the case inclusion speed. Subsequent collection of cases will continue to expand the sample size and allow further analysis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur understanding of the relationships among migraine with RLS, WMLs and brain structural volume changes is constantly developing, and many studies on related mechanisms and manifestations on neuroimaging, including structural and functional imaging, are ongoing. The changes in brain structure and function in migraineurs vary. Therefore, it is important to explore whether migraineurs with RLS have specific bioimaging changes, the causal relationship between imaging changes and migraine, and whether occlusion of the PFO can affect the brain structure or function of migraineurs to improve migraine symptoms. Therefore, it will be necessary to use multimode magnetic resonance technology to perform larger sample, multicentre and prospective studies in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":" Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003e1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS. 3. There was no correlation between the severity of WMLs and the degree of migraine in migraineurs with RLS. 4. Volume changes were found in the brain structure of migraineurs with RLS. 5. The RLS flow and degree of headache in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in some brain regions.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contribution statements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eXP, HR, LX, FL, WS, LC and ZC contributed to the study conception and design. XP and HR wrote the first draft of the manuscript. LX and FL performed the statistical analyses. WS, CL and ZC organized the database. JW and FS performed the imaging analyses and contributed to data collection. SM and HZ edited the manuscript. All the authors contributed to manuscript revision and read and approved the submitted version.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe would like to thank our colleagues for their assistance in the writing of this article. I would also like to thank my supervisor Professor Shubei Ma and Hongling Zhao for repeatedly revising this article and my unit for providing me with the platform. We would also like to thank the\u0026nbsp;United Imaging platform on which the model was trained.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI would like to thank American Journal Experts (www.aje.cn) for English language editing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo analyse the relationships among the degree of migraine with RLS, white matter lesions and brain structural volume, 102 migraineurs with RLS were selected. The RLS flow and HIT-6 score were recorded to reflect the degree of headache. The brain structural volumes were calculated with artificial intelligence. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. There were significant differences in WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades and MIDAS grades. There was a significant difference in the volume of brain structures, and there was a significant difference among migraineurs with different RLS flows, HIT-6 grades and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volumes. There was a positive correlation between frontal pole volume and RLS flow. The volume of specific brain structures was negatively correlated with RLS flow but positively correlated with HIT-6 grade. The volume of specific brain structures was negatively correlated with the HIT-6 grade. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow or migraine severity. Volume changes occurred in parts of brain structures of migraineurs with RLS. Shunt flow and the degree of migraine in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in some brain regions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Research involving human participants, human material, or human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was approved by the ethics committee of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital (approval number: 2022-039-60). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All the human subjects in this study provided written informed consent for their participation in our research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflicts of interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the Dalian Central Hospital\u0026nbsp;\u0026ldquo;peak plan\u0026rdquo;\u0026nbsp;science and technology project (Grant ID: 2022ZZ215).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData availability\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author ([email protected]) on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRan Y, Yin Z, Lian Y, et al. Gradually shifting clinical phenomics in migraine spectrum: a cross-sectional, multicenter study of 5438 patients[J]. 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Brain Sciences, 2022, 12(7): 884.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJiang X-H, Wang S-B, Tian Q, et al. Right-to-left shunt and subclinical ischemic brain lesions in Chinese migraineurs: a multicentre MRI study[J]. BMC neurology, 2018, 18(1): 18.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUggetti C, Squarza S, Longaretti F, et al. Migraine with aura and white matter lesions: an MRI study[J]. Neurological Sciences, 2017, 38: 11-13.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eToghae M, Rahimian E, Abdollahi M, et al. The Prevalence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hyperintensity in Migraine Patients and Its Association with Migraine Headache Characteristics and Cardiovascular Risk Factors[J]. Oman Medical Journal, 2015, 30(3): 203\u0026ndash;207.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKruit M C, van Buchem M A, Launer L J, et al. Migraine is associated with an increased risk of deep white matter lesions, subclinical posterior circulation infarcts and brain iron accumulation: the population-based MRI CAMERA study[J]. Cephalalgia: An International Journal of Headache, 2010, 30(2): 129\u0026ndash;136.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwartz R H, Kern R Z. Migraine is associated with magnetic resonance imaging white matter abnormalities: a meta-analysis[J]. Archives of Neurology, 2004, 61(9): 1366\u0026ndash;1368.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrauninger A, Le\u0026eacute;l-Ossy E, Kamson D O, et al. Risk factors of migraine-related brain white matter hyperintensities: an investigation of 186 patients[J]. The Journal of Headache and Pain, 2011, 12(1): 97\u0026ndash;103.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaist D, Garde E, Blaabjerg M, et al. Migraine with aura and risk of silent brain infarcts and white matter hyperintensities: an MRI study[J]. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 2016, 139(Pt 7): 2015\u0026ndash;2023.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSantamarta E, Meil\u0026aacute;n A, Saiz A, et al. Chronic migraine does not increase posterior circulation territory (PCT) infarct-like lesions[J]. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2014, 336(1): 180\u0026ndash;183.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeil\u0026aacute;n A, Larrosa D, Ram\u0026oacute;n C, et al. No association between migraine frequency, white matter lesions and silent brain infarctions: a study in a series of women with chronic migraine[J]. European Journal of Neurology, 2020, 27(8): 1689\u0026ndash;1696.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoadsby P J, Holland P R, Martins-Oliveira M, et al. Pathophysiology of Migraine: A Disorder of Sensory Processing[J]. Physiological Reviews, 2017, 97(2): 553\u0026ndash;622.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchwedt T J, Chong C D, Chiang C C, et al. Enhanced pain-induced activity of pain-processing regions in a case-control study of episodic migraine[J]. Cephalalgia, 2014, 34(12): 947-958.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRusso A, Tessitore A, Esposito F, et al. Pain processing in patients with migraine: an event-related fMRI study during trigeminal nociceptive stimulation[J]. 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Neurology, 2003, 61(8 Suppl 4): S2-8.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Migraine, Right-to-left shunt, Degree of headache, White matter lesion, Volume of brain structure","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4810764/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4810764/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eObjective\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo investigate the location of white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraineurs with right-to-left shunt (RLS); the relationships among the severity of WMLs, changes in brain structural volume and RLS shunts; and the relationships among the severity of WMLs, changes in brain structural volume and degree of headache in RLS migraine patients.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 102 migraineurs with RLS admitted to the affiliated Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology from December 2018 to December 2022 were enrolled in this study. RLS flow and the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) scores were recorded to reflect the degree of headache. The brain structural volumes of 102 migraineurs with RLS were calculated from T1-weighted images using artificial intelligence, and the brain structural volumes of healthy controls matched according to age and sex were also calculated. The correlations among WML location, RLS, headache degree, WML severity and brain structural volume changes in migraineurs were analysed.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There were no significant differences in the WML variables of cerebral white matter high signal volume, ratio of high-signal white matter volume to whole-brain white matter volume (%) or Fazekas score among migraineurs with different RLS flows, but there were significant differences in WML variables among migraineurs with RLS with different HIT-6 grades and MIDAS grades. RLS flow, HIT-6 score and MIDAS grade were not correlated with the WML variables measured in this study. 3. There was a significant difference in the volume of the precentral gyrus between migraineurs with RLS and normal controls (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), and there was a significant difference between migraineurs with different RLS flows and different HIT-6 scores and peripheral cerebrospinal fluid volumes. There was also a positive correlation between frontal pole structural volume and RLS flow. The volume of the precentral gyrus was negatively correlated with RLS flow, whereas the volume of the pons gyrus was positively correlated with the HIT-6 score. The volume of the temporal pole was negatively correlated with the HIT-6 score.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e1. The WMLs of migraineurs with RLS were concentrated mainly in the white matter of the lateral ventricular margin and deep white matter. Subcortical WMLs were concentrated mainly in the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe. 2. There was no correlation between WML severity and RLS flow in migraineurs with RLS. 3. There was no correlation between WML severity and migraine severity in migraineurs with RLS. 4. Volume changes occur in some brain structures of migraineurs with RLS. 5. Shunt flow and the degree of headache in migraineurs with RLS were correlated with structural volume changes in specific brain regions.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Analysis of the relationship between the degree of migraine with right-to-left shunt and changes in white matter lesions and brain structural volume","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-10-15 07:50:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4810764/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-10-22T06:01:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-10-21T12:27:37+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-10-13T03:35:43+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"637599394987423492316051081976049959","date":"2024-10-02T13:16:57+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"53757995155554167919291422069490063863","date":"2024-10-02T13:16:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-10-02T13:14:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-10-02T13:10:37+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2024-08-21T11:56:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-08-21T11:53:03+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-07-27T03:03:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a83c787b-6cd8-4cdc-8628-c5f5b36dd9d7","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 15th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-01-13T16:00:52+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4810764","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85205-w","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2025-01-07 15:57:17","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 7th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-10-15 07:50:20","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-025-85205-w","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85205-w","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4810764","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4810764","identity":"rs-4810764","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}