Natural ventilation of a room-atrium building with opposing wind: a deterministic and stochastic analysis

Natural ventilation of a room-atrium building with opposing wind: a deterministic and stochastic analysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Natural ventilation of a room-atrium building with opposing wind: a deterministic and stochastic analysis Teresa Di Renzo, Massimo Marro, Luca Ridolfi, Pietro Salizzoni, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7584612/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Environmental Fluid Mechanics → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Natural ventilation is key for reducing energy demand and ensuring indoor air quality. We study the deterministic and stochastic dynamics of a naturally ventilated system where a room with a steady buoyancy source connects to an unforced atrium (an arrangement representative of many real buildings). The buoyant fluid accumulates at the ceiling of both spaces. A stratification arises, inducing the stack effect which drives the ventilation of the system. We consider the occurrence of an opposing wind. Firstly, a constant wind is imposed, and the steady states are analysed for different atrium geometries. It is known that when no external wind occurs the atrium may either enhance or worsen the ventilation of the room depending on its geometry. We find that for any geometry the atrium enhances the ventilation for a wind velocity large enough. Secondly, stochastic fluctuations are introduced in the wind velocity. These induce a ‘noise-induced transition’: the mean position of the interface between warm and cold layers lies below that observed under constant wind. This phenomenon was already known for single-room systems; however, we find that the room-atrium system is less sensitive to this effect and to variations in the coefficient of variation of wind velocity. Natural ventilation Atrium Wind dynamics Noise-induced phenomena Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Supplementarymaterial.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Environmental Fluid Mechanics → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 05 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 28 Oct, 2025 Reviews received at journal 20 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Sep, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Sep, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 12 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 12 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 10 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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We study the deterministic and stochastic dynamics of a naturally ventilated system where a room with a steady buoyancy source connects to an unforced atrium (an arrangement representative of many real buildings). The buoyant fluid accumulates at the ceiling of both spaces. A stratification arises, inducing the stack effect which drives the ventilation of the system. We consider the occurrence of an opposing wind. Firstly, a constant wind is imposed, and the steady states are analysed for different atrium geometries. It is known that when no external wind occurs the atrium may either enhance or worsen the ventilation of the room depending on its geometry. We find that for any geometry the atrium enhances the ventilation for a wind velocity large enough. Secondly, stochastic fluctuations are introduced in the wind velocity. 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