Quantified Assessment of Deep Brain Stimulation on Parkinson's Patients with Task fNIRS Measurements and Functional Connectivity Analysis: A Pilot Study

Abstract Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has proved effective for Parkinsons disease (PD), but the identification of stimulation parameters relies on doctors’ subjective judgment on patient behavior.Methods: Five PD patients performed 10-meter walking tasks under different brain stimulation frequencies. During walking tests, a wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system was used to measure the concentration change of oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔHbO2) in prefrontal cortex, parietal lobe and occipital lobe. Brain functional connectivity and global efficiency were calculated to quantify the brain activities.Results: We discovered that both the global and regional brain efficiency of all patients varied with stimulation parameters, and the DBS pattern enabling the highest brain efficiency was optimal for each patient, in accordance with the clinical assessments and DBS treatment decision made by the doctors.Conclusions: Task fNIRS assessments and brain functional connectivity analysis promise a quantified and objective solution for patient-specific optimization of DBS treatment.Trial registration: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital (2019-35), and has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900022715).