Spontaneous Rupture of Umbilical Hernia Without Ascites: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract Umbilical hernia is a common condition, but spontaneous rupture with evisceration, particularly in the absence of ascites, is exceedingly rare. This case report highlights a unique presentation of omental evisceration through a long-standing umbilical hernia in an adult male without any underlying conditions typically associated with elevated intra-abdominal pressure. The patient was treated successfully with emergency surgery, and the postoperative course was uneventful. A literature review identified only four similar cases, emphasizing the rarity of this condition. The findings suggest the need for heightened clinical awareness and individualized management of umbilical hernias to prevent such rare complications. Limitations of this study include loss of follow-up and the limited number of cases available for comparison.