The memristive implementation of the hippocampus: A hypothesis

The memristive implementation of the hippocampus: A hypothesis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The memristive implementation of the hippocampus: A hypothesis Dominik Caus, Andrzej Sławek, Tomasz Mazur, Piotr Zawal, Bogusław Baś, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in BioNanoScience → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract We present a hippocampus-inspired neuromorphic system based on a stochastic poly-crystalline nano-fibre mesh. This system takes advantage of the inherent randomness of the material structure to create a dynamically evolving connectivity pattern that mimics the probabilistic nature of biological synaptic networks. The memristive architecture is based on polycrystaline memristive materials derived from acetylsalycilic acid (aspirin). Three different compounds were obtained by adding axial ligands to [Cu2(asp)4]: benzimidazole (bimi), pyridine (py), and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO). The results showed that the memristive properties of devices based on copper complexes can be modulated with various axial ligands. Moreover, theoretical analysis predicts the possibility of mimicking hippocampal architecture via cocrystallization of hydrophobic organic molecular semiconductors with selected copper complexes. Additionally, we demonstrated that controlling crystallization temperature and solvent composition allows precise tuning of resistive switching in methylammonium lead iodide perovskites. These approaches together provide a versatile foundation for implementing dynamic, brain-like memory functions in hardware. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupportingInformation2025.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in BioNanoScience → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 26 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 16 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 May, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 08 May, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 08 May, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 08 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 04 May, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6589367","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":455368678,"identity":"599c1d81-75e7-4460-b583-014e57371ff8","order_by":0,"name":"Dominik Caus","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dominik","middleName":"","lastName":"Caus","suffix":""},{"id":455368679,"identity":"f3daf2d1-ba0f-4166-90ec-123b81ea00c7","order_by":1,"name":"Andrzej Sławek","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andrzej","middleName":"","lastName":"Sławek","suffix":""},{"id":455368680,"identity":"acf5f391-0d6a-4d3a-b190-bed63c1e4ec6","order_by":2,"name":"Tomasz Mazur","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tomasz","middleName":"","lastName":"Mazur","suffix":""},{"id":455368681,"identity":"facabee9-69ef-45ed-bd51-6045b38ef220","order_by":3,"name":"Piotr Zawal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Piotr","middleName":"","lastName":"Zawal","suffix":""},{"id":455368682,"identity":"6d361110-51fb-424a-a237-1fec35b6bdbe","order_by":4,"name":"Bogusław Baś","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bogusław","middleName":"","lastName":"Baś","suffix":""},{"id":455368683,"identity":"abcb3f1f-bf15-4410-82bb-441f92906944","order_by":5,"name":"Konrad Szaciłowski","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Konrad","middleName":"","lastName":"Szaciłowski","suffix":""},{"id":455368684,"identity":"aa883b96-36de-4ba2-bd40-6b96d2d9a35a","order_by":6,"name":"Max Talanov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Messina","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Max","middleName":"","lastName":"Talanov","suffix":""},{"id":455368685,"identity":"aa93bdb8-2cf5-41ee-b29d-df2aa9dff65f","order_by":7,"name":"Gisya Abdi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA10lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACxgYgYcPAIAGkeICYj0gtaQgtbERadZgELfz9i5s/89Scl5ePbmB88LaNIY+gFokbD9ukeY7dNtx45wCz4dw2hmLCDrtxsI2Zh+0248YZCWzSvG0MiW2EdMjfOAh02L9z9kAt7L+J0mJwvrEBaPiBxPkSCWzMRGkxvMHYJjm3Lzl5g0Ris+SccxKE/SJ3/vjjD2++2dnOn5F88MObMps8fkJaGCQSGJhA0WFwABynQC5BwH+AgfEHkJZvgPCJ0DIKRsEoGAUjDQAAX0VBS4aRBT0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gisya","middleName":"","lastName":"Abdi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-04 16:23:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-02124-w","type":"published","date":"2025-08-20T16:29:36+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":89847382,"identity":"366af4bf-fe74-4329-b2d4-3fff739e19e2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-25 16:43:26","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":9458283,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptSupFigsGA2025.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6589367/v1_covered_e1bc71a9-1c42-4fdc-ba02-de6d27c130de.pdf"},{"id":82585220,"identity":"a474797d-d865-4249-aaca-16d64d89ada6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 07:07:22","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2627537,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupportingInformation2025.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6589367/v1/87e3ec3a3943d4e4e38adc7a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"The memristive implementation of the hippocampus: A hypothesis","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bionanoscience","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bnsc","sideBox":"Learn more about [BioNanoScience](http://link.springer.com/journal/12668)","snPcode":"12668","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12668/3","title":"BioNanoScience","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"We present a hippocampus-inspired neuromorphic system based on a stochastic poly-crystalline nano-fibre mesh. This system takes advantage of the inherent randomness of the material structure to create a dynamically evolving connectivity pattern that mimics the probabilistic nature of biological synaptic networks. The memristive architecture is based on polycrystaline memristive materials derived from acetylsalycilic acid (aspirin). Three different compounds were obtained by adding axial ligands to [Cu2(asp)4]: benzimidazole (bimi), pyridine (py), and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO). The results showed that the memristive properties of devices based on copper complexes can be modulated with various axial ligands. Moreover, theoretical analysis predicts the possibility of mimicking hippocampal architecture via cocrystallization of hydrophobic organic molecular semiconductors with selected copper complexes. Additionally, we demonstrated that controlling crystallization temperature and solvent composition allows precise tuning of resistive switching in methylammonium lead iodide perovskites. These approaches together provide a versatile foundation for implementing dynamic, brain-like memory functions in hardware.","manuscriptTitle":"The memristive implementation of the hippocampus: A hypothesis","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-13 07:07:17","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6589367/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-06-26T12:59:32+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-06-16T15:54:44+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"278139812611346513751702839408323261556","date":"2025-06-16T13:24:16+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"10673397704813399289488490663183804987","date":"2025-05-12T06:25:36+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"317592959984119503421523250750556774474","date":"2025-05-10T09:49:43+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-08T12:51:35+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-05-08T12:29:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-05-08T11:59:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BioNanoScience","date":"2025-05-04T16:11:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bionanoscience","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bnsc","sideBox":"Learn more about [BioNanoScience](http://link.springer.com/journal/12668)","snPcode":"12668","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12668/3","title":"BioNanoScience","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c346eb85-a47a-4529-b1cd-1591522fb12d","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-25T16:36:50+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6589367","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-02124-w","journal":{"identity":"bionanoscience","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BioNanoScience"},"publishedOn":"2025-08-20 16:29:36","publishedOnDateReadable":"August 20th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-13 07:07:17","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s12668-025-02124-w","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-02124-w","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6589367","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6589367","identity":"rs-6589367","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}