Analysis of Hand Controls on a Backhoe Loader Simulator

Excavator operation efficiency is critical for training and performance assessment in the construction industry. In this study, we developed a backhoe simulator to evaluate operator performance through digitalized and serialized control signals. The simulator captures the state sequences of joysticks and pedals, representing the positions and actions of the machine’s controls. Using this data, graphs are constructed to depict control positions and state transitions. Operators are tasked with predefined exercises, and key metrics are calculated, including total machine effort (measured by fuel consumption), cumulative angular displacement of moving parts, and time taken to complete each exercise. The simulator enables direct comparisons between trainee and expert operators, providing insight into efficiency and skill development. Our system offers a valuable tool for studying excavator dynamics and enhancing operator training programs, bridging the gap between real-world scenarios and controlled learning environments.