Possible genetic biomarker associated with antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea in female patients with schizophrenia

Jung‐Joon Moon, Ho-Sook Kim, Joo-Cheol Shim, Jung-Mee Ahn, Do-Un Jung, Dong-Jin Kim, Hye‐Eun Jeong, Eun‐Young Kim, Dong-Wook Jeon, Sungjin Kim, Jae‐Gook Shin
In: International Clinical Psychopharmacology · 2023 · vol. 39(1) , pp. 29–35 · doi:10.1097/yic.0000000000000501 · PMID:37551597 · W4385664733
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Abstract

This study explored the association of pharmacogenomics with antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea in female patients with schizophrenia. A total of 89 female schizophrenia patients aged 18-40 receiving consistent antipsychotics at a consistent dose for more than 3 months were enrolled in this study. Amenorrhea was defined as the absence of menstrual period for 3 months or three periods in a row. Serum levels of prolactin, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone were measured and Cytochrome P450 2D6, dopamine receptor D2 ( DRD2 ) and estrogen receptor 1 were genotyped. Twenty-two patients with amenorrhea had higher prolactin levels and lower estradiol levels than those without amenorrhea (94.1 vs. 71.5 ng/ml for prolactin; P = 0.044 and 27.0 vs. 46.7 pg/ml for estradiol; P = 0.007, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified DRD2 -141C deletion [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-4.17; P = 0.049] and drugs increasing prolactin levels (OR = 6.17, 95% CI = 1.28-29.64; P = 0.023) as significant covariates for antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea. This study suggests that DRD2 -141C deletion is associated with antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea although further studies are needed.

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