Omentin-1, a Novel Adipokine, Is Decreased in Overweight Insulin-Resistant Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Bee K. Tan, Raghu Adya, S. Farhatullah, Farhatullah Syed, Kris C. Lewandowski, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Paul O’Hare, Hendrik Lehnert, Harpal Randeva
In: Diabetes · 2008 · vol. 57(4) , pp. 801–808 · doi:10.2337/db07-0990 · PMID:18174521 · W2110727962
article OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 1 in-corpus citation
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This study found decreased omentin-1 mRNA, protein, and plasma levels in overweight women with PCOS, with insulin and glucose found to downregulate omentin-1 in adipose tissue.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Recent studies have shown that plasma omentin-1 levels decrease with obesity. Currently, no data exist on the relative expression and regulation of omentin-1 in adipose tissue of women with PCOS. The objective of this study was to assess mRNA and protein levels of omentin-1, including circulating omentin-1, in omental adipose tissue of women with PCOS and matched control subjects. Ex vivo and in vivo regulation of adipose tissue omentin-1 was also studied. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to assess mRNA and protein expression of omentin-1. Plasma omentin-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of d-glucose, insulin, and gonadal and adrenal steroids on adipose tissue omentin-1 were analyzed ex vivo. The in vivo effects of insulin (hyperinsulinemia) on omentin-1 levels were also assessed by a prolonged insulin-glucose infusion. RESULTS: In addition to decreased plasma omentin-1 levels in women with PCOS (P < 0.05), compared with control subjects, there was significantly lower levels of omentin-1 mRNA (P < 0.01) and protein (P < 0.05) in omental adipose tissue of women with PCOS (P < 0.01). Furthermore, in omental adipose tissue explants, insulin and glucose significantly dose-dependently decreased omentin-1 mRNA expression, protein levels, and secretion into conditioned media (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Also, hyperinsulinemic induction in healthy subjects significantly reduced plasma omentin-1 levels (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our novel findings reveal that omentin-1 is downregulated by insulin and glucose. These may, in part, explain the decreased omentin-1 levels observed in our overweight women with PCOS.

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