Fluid Nanocarrier for Insulin for Noninvasive Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: A real solution for diabetics to end their suffering with injection and the consequences of poor patient compliance based on the understanding how the body releases insulin as well as the nature of insulin is an argent demand. In this study a novel management strategy was developed using fluid nanocarrier as well as a solution of insulin to treat this problem. The developed nanocarrier is a microemulsion (ME) containing insulin. The transdermal flux of insulin was estimated through rat’s skin using a Franz diffusion cell. Moreover, the efficacy of the treatments was assessed orally and transdermally in rats. Results: Based on the rheological properties and droplets size results the formulated fluids were microemulsions. Also, a flux of insulin as high as 1.77±0.22 iu.cm -2. h -1 through rat’s epidermis could be achieved. The short term monitoring of blood sugar level after transdermal application exhibited a slight decrease. On the other hand, the frequent application could achieve a satisfied decline. However, the rapid and significant reduction of the blood sugar level after oral application was surprised. The X-raying of the GI after oral application of the preparation showed high illumination in the lower part of the esophagus and upper part of the stomach. Conclusion: This study reveals high potential esophageal absorption using fluid dosage forms. It must be taken in consideration as sublingual and intranasal application. The developed nanofluid can control the blood sugar level orally or in combination with transdermal application and help the diabetics to adhere their therapeutic course.