Higher Dietary Inflammatory Index Scores are Associated with Increased Odds of Diabetic Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case–Control Study

Abstract Background: Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a very common complication of diabetes. Dietary inflammatory score DII) has been associated with some diseases such as diabetes and cancers. Nonetheless, the association between DII and DSPN has not been explored. We aim to examine the association between DII and DSPN in a case-control study. Method: 185 subjects with DSPN and 185 controls were selected in this case-control study. 168-item validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assed dietary intake. DII was calculated based on FFQ. DSPN was diagnosed by Toronto clinical neuropathy score. Anthropometric measurements, physical activity, glycemic indices were measured. Information on social demographic data was collected by questionnaires.Result: After adjustment for age, sex, energy in model 1( p-trend< 0.001) (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.13–0.49), participants at the highest quartile of DII had increased OR for DSPN additionally adjusted for physical activity, education, smokers, FBS, A1C and economic status in model 2 (OR=0.27, 95% CI=0.13–0.57) ( p-trend< 0.001) strengthened the relationship. The association was not altered substantially by further adjustment for BMI in model 3(OR=6.3, 95% CI=2.7–14.6) (p-trend < 0.001). Conclusion: Higher DII score was associated with increased risk of DSPN. Therefore, it is possible that a diet rich in anti-inflammatory nutrients and foods could improve and prevent DSPN.