Lfc Enhancement in Dg System Penetrated With Pv-wind and Integrated Battery Charging Station Using Enhanced Gorilla Troop-marine Predator Optimisation

Lfc Enhancement in Dg System Penetrated With Pv-wind and Integrated Battery Charging Station Using Enhanced Gorilla Troop-marine Predator Optimisation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Lfc Enhancement in Dg System Penetrated With Pv-wind and Integrated Battery Charging Station Using Enhanced Gorilla Troop-marine Predator Optimisation M KALEESWARI, P SIVAKUMAR, A ASWINI This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Adaptation of Electric vehicles (EV) increases, it tends to generate a surplus amount of electrical power to satisfy the load demand and power generation during peak load periods. The penetration of Renewable Energy Sources(RES) plays a vital role in increasing the overall power demand for supplying energy to Electric Vehicle Charging stations (EVCS). With different charging patterns of EVs and penetration of intermittent sources like solar and PV, overall power demand and generation lead to instability. Load Frequency Control(LFC) with an optimized PID controller must reach stability under different frequency-deregulated environment conditions. LFC controller with various optimization techniques was analysed in this research. The stabilization of the grid with RES with EV integration becomes more challenging. In this research, the proposed model is analyzed with different unique optimization techniques like hybrid Enhanced Gorilla Troop Optimisation-Marine Predator Algorithm(EGTO-MPA),Pufferfish Optimisation(PFO), Botox(BTO) optimization, Artificial gorilla troop optimization algorithm combining sine cosine Cauchy variations(AGTO-SCCV), and Secretary Bird Optimisation Algorithm(SBOA) for tuning LFC to attain stability. However, EGTO-MPA provides better stability than other algorithms and the EVCS integrated grid which is penetrated with PV-wind attains stability in frequency regulated environment during load disturbances and different source pattern variations. This proposed research work deals with the analysis of enhancement of LFC performance with the hybrid EGTO-MPA optimization algorithm for 146- Indian Utility Bus system which are analysed as four control areas and examined with penetration of renewable energy sources and EVCS integration with the hydrothermal system. Settling time and Integral Time Absolute Error(ITAE) with the EGTO-MPA optimization method provide very excellent performance for system load variations and different charging patterns of EV and intermittent source variations. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5956373","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":414505993,"identity":"b7503277-7a5d-4450-bb71-e6cfd2bb589e","order_by":0,"name":"M KALEESWARI","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"M","middleName":"","lastName":"KALEESWARI","suffix":""},{"id":414505994,"identity":"541b64ee-6202-4459-a6d6-88bc39be8a6a","order_by":1,"name":"P SIVAKUMAR","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"P","middleName":"","lastName":"SIVAKUMAR","suffix":""},{"id":414505995,"identity":"b5cefafd-c607-4115-b397-e8c56f0533c9","order_by":2,"name":"A ASWINI","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"A","middleName":"","lastName":"ASWINI","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-04 08:38:29","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":76195242,"identity":"ceba460e-8197-4c97-a33b-2f97965c16c0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-13 10:22:32","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2454947,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"LFCalteredwithauthordetails.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5956373/v1_covered_58a70508-d12b-498a-966d-b6e92cf43fba.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eLfc Enhancement in Dg System Penetrated With Pv-wind and Integrated Battery Charging Station Using Enhanced Gorilla Troop-marine Predator Optimisation\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Adaptation of Electric vehicles (EV) increases, it tends to generate a surplus amount of electrical power to satisfy the load demand and power generation during peak load periods. The penetration of Renewable Energy Sources(RES) plays a vital role in increasing the overall power demand for supplying energy to Electric Vehicle Charging stations (EVCS). With different charging patterns of EVs and penetration of intermittent sources like solar and PV, overall power demand and generation lead to instability. Load Frequency Control(LFC) with an optimized PID controller must reach stability under different frequency-deregulated environment conditions. LFC controller with various optimization techniques was analysed in this research. The stabilization of the grid with RES with EV integration becomes more challenging. In this research, the proposed model is analyzed with different unique optimization techniques like hybrid Enhanced Gorilla Troop Optimisation-Marine Predator Algorithm(EGTO-MPA),Pufferfish Optimisation(PFO), Botox(BTO) optimization, Artificial gorilla troop optimization algorithm combining sine cosine Cauchy variations(AGTO-SCCV), and Secretary Bird Optimisation Algorithm(SBOA) for tuning LFC to attain stability. However, EGTO-MPA provides better stability than other algorithms and the EVCS integrated grid which is penetrated with PV-wind attains stability in frequency regulated environment during load disturbances and different source pattern variations. This proposed research work deals with the analysis of enhancement of LFC performance with the hybrid EGTO-MPA optimization algorithm for 146- Indian Utility Bus system which are analysed as four control areas and examined with penetration of renewable energy sources and EVCS integration with the hydrothermal system. Settling time and Integral Time Absolute Error(ITAE) with the EGTO-MPA optimization method provide very excellent performance for system load variations and different charging patterns of EV and intermittent source variations.","manuscriptTitle":"Lfc Enhancement in Dg System Penetrated With Pv-wind and Integrated Battery Charging Station Using Enhanced Gorilla Troop-marine Predator Optimisation","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-02-13 10:14:21","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956373/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":1}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ee4c1439-616d-4add-9ce5-91c6ec86b759","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-02-13T10:14:21+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-02-13 10:14:21","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5956373","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5956373","identity":"rs-5956373","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}