Analyzing Factors Influencing Groundwater Recharge Potential in the Middle Ganga Basin: An AHP Approach

Abstract The middle Ganga basin assumes a pivotal role in India's socio-economic and ecological fabric, supporting a substantial population dwelling along its banks. This paper seeks to analyze factors influencing the ground water recharge potential in the region, employing sophisticated techniques, including Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), remote sensing, and Geographic Information System (GIS). The study delves into the intricate relationships between land use, rainfall patterns, soil characteristics, and lineaments, assessing their impact on groundwater recharge. By utilizing AHP methodology, a comprehensive evaluation of the factors' significance and relative importance is achieved. Remote sensing data and satellite imagery are harnessed to procure precise spatial information, facilitating the identification and mapping of distinct land use categories within the study area. The outcomes highlight regions with heightened potential for groundwater recharge within the middle Ganga basin, offering vital insights for sustainable water resource management, benefitting the vast population dependent on the Ganga River. In conclusion, this paper provides crucial insights into factors impacting groundwater recharge potential in the middle Ganga basin, empowering informed decision-making in water resource management. The amalgamation of AHP, remote sensing, and GIS techniques enhances result accuracy and reliability, rendering them pertinent for policy-makers, planners, and stakeholders involved in sustainable development and water management in the region.