Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Endometrium Stromal Cells During Early Embryo Implantation (Within 48 Hour) in Vitro

Background: Successful embryo implantation is an essential prerequisite for pregnancy. Previous studies have shown that DNA methylation, histone, chromatin structure, and non-coding RNAs, microRNAs may participate in the regulation of gene expression during embryo implantation. However , the transcriptome changes of human endometrial stromal cells during early embryo implantation are not well characterized. MethodsWe cultured human endometrial stromal cells and simulated the process of embryo implantation in vitro. We further analyzed the endometrial transcriptome patterns of endometrial stromal cells in the pre-implantation and post-implantation phase. We identified comprehensive transcriptomic profile of two endometrium stromal cells in particular developmental stage that may reflect the potential mechanism of embryo implantation. ResultsA total of 592 differentially expressed genes were identified after embryo implantation. Additionally, we identified key pathways (including TP53 and EGF signal pathway) that may regulate embryo-endometrium interactions; our findings may serve as a foundation for targeted studies on endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation loss. ConclusionOur work showed the transcriptome changes of endometrial stromal cells within 48 hours after implantation which provides key insights into the crucial features of transcriptional regulation in the stepwise embryo development.