Numerical investigation on diffusion length, suspending time, and forces acting on COVID-19 virus particles in an indoor environment | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Numerical investigation on diffusion length, suspending time, and forces acting on COVID-19 virus particles in an indoor environment Mahdi Bagherian Dehaghi, Mehrzad Shams This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract The purpose of this study is to study two-dimensional CFD simulations of the COVID-19 virus two-phase flow in steady air with the Euler-Lagrange method. This was accomplished by developing CFD programs in MATLAB and simulations in COMSOL software. Brownian, drag, Saffman, and weight forces are considered for studying the dynamics of virus flow. In order to study the motion of viruses, Brownian, drag forces, and the weight of viruses play an important role. In this study, three different diameters of virus particles were considered, with three different initial conditions and three different initial velocities. The diffusion length and suspending time of viruses in the air have been computed in each of the nine states. Plasma and Fluids Mechanical Engineering Environmental Engineering CFD Two Phase-flow COVID-19 virus Euler-Lagrange method Diffusion Length Suspending Time Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2208992","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":148760348,"identity":"1bc7001a-0ad9-46a4-b332-82e020559d8a","order_by":0,"name":"Mahdi Bagherian Dehaghi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABDklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwYGNiAlAeF9/GcDJBkbDxCthXEGWxqIaiBGCwQw87AdBjPwajFnP37twcc9FvLmDNwJzDw85+3Wth8G2lJjE41Li2VPTrnhjGcShjsbeDcwzpG4nbztTCJQy7G03AZcDjuQkybNc0CCccMB3g0MbwxuJ5sdAGphbDiMW8v5N2nSfw5I2IO18CScSzY7/5CAlhvpx6QZDkgkgrQw8hw4YGd2g4AtljPesEn2HJBI3nCYd8PBmQ3JCWY3gLYk4PGLOX/6M4kfB+psNxzv3fjgY4Odvdn59IcPPtTY4NTCwMBjAKGZIdGRCFaZgFM5CLA/QOHa41U8CkbBKBgFIxIAAPQKZql/fA4cAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4716-6721","institution":"K. N. Toosi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mahdi","middleName":"Bagherian","lastName":"Dehaghi","suffix":""},{"id":149736073,"identity":"8e2411ff-2b52-4345-9fb4-8fad7b622380","order_by":1,"name":"Mehrzad Shams","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"K. N. Toosi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mehrzad","middleName":"","lastName":"Shams","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-10-27 08:33:44","currentVersionCode":3,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":true,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"coiExplicitlySet":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":28753163,"identity":"73ad820d-f1a2-410f-bd0a-55edead97ff7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-11-07 15:10:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":414727,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MahdiBagherianDehaghiNumericalinvestigationondiffusionlengthsuspendingtimeandforcesactingonCOVID19virusparticlesinanindoorenvironment.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2208992/v3_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumerical investigation on diffusion length, suspending time, and forces acting on COVID-19 virus particles in an indoor environment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"CFD, Two Phase-flow, COVID-19 virus, Euler-Lagrange method, Diffusion Length, Suspending Time","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe purpose of this study is to study two-dimensional CFD simulations of the COVID-19 virus two-phase flow in steady air with the Euler-Lagrange method. This was accomplished by developing CFD programs in MATLAB and simulations in COMSOL software. Brownian, drag, Saffman, and weight forces are considered for studying the dynamics of virus flow. In order to study the motion of viruses, Brownian, drag forces, and the weight of viruses play an important role. In this study, three different diameters of virus particles were considered, with three different initial conditions and three different initial velocities. The diffusion length and suspending time of viruses in the air have been computed in each of the nine states.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Numerical investigation on diffusion length, suspending time, and forces acting on COVID-19 virus particles in an indoor environment","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":3,"date":"2022-11-07 15:10:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v3","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":2,"date":"2022-11-02 02:27:30","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2022-10-27 22:16:53","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2208992/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3531dc45-ed27-4c89-a298-33b82533d23a","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 7th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":16784362,"name":"Plasma and Fluids"},{"id":16784363,"name":"Mechanical Engineering"},{"id":16784364,"name":"Environmental Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-10-27T22:16:53+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-11-07 15:10:12","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v3","identity":"rs-2208992","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2208992","identity":"rs-2208992","version":["v3"]},"buildId":"rHA-KDH7Qsr4HCuvH75dn","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}
Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below.
Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure
cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can
have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy
(via DOI)
is the canonical version.